scholarly journals Dietary Contributors to Food Group Intake in Preschool Children Attending Family Childcare Homes: Differences between Latino and Non-Latino Providers

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3686
Author(s):  
Andrea Ramirez ◽  
Maya Vadiveloo ◽  
Patricia M. Risica ◽  
Kim M. Gans ◽  
Mary L. Greaney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cluster Randomized Trial ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Lower Proportion ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Research Software ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Family Childcare

While there are several factors that contribute to the diet quality of children in childcare, one contributing factor in Family Childcare Homes (FCCHs) is the provider’s ethnicity. However, research examining the food items provided in this setting is limited; in particular, with regards to differences between FCCHs of Latino and non-Latino providers. The aim of this study was to identify and describe the food items that contribute to food group intake in preschool-aged children attending FCCHs, and to examine differences by provider ethnicity. This secondary data analysis used baseline data from Healthy Start/Comienzos Sanos: a cluster-randomized trial. Children’s dietary intake was collected using the Dietary Observation in Child Care method and entered into Nutrition Data System for Research software. Food groups were based on the Nutrition Coordinating Center classification. Contribution of food items to their respective food group was calculated as a proportion, using ratio of means and presented as a percentage. Ethnic differences were tested with ANCOVA (p < 0.05) with Bonferroni adjustments for multiple comparisons. All providers (n = 120) were female and 67.5% were Latino. Most fruit consumed by children was in the form of juice (85%), three-fourths of the grains consumed were refined (75%), and half of the sweets consumed were syrup/honey/jelly (50%). Most of the vegetables consumed were non-starchy (61%), nearly three-fourths of dairy consumed was low-fat (71%), and vegetable oils contributed the most to the fats group (89%). Food items differed by provider’s ethnicity, with children cared for by non-Latino providers consuming a higher proportion of fruit juice, animal fats and a lower proportion of legumes (p < 0.001 for all). Children with Latino providers consumed a lower proportion of non-starchy vegetables, low-fat dairy, and nuts/seeds (p < 0.001 for all). FCCH providers could offer more whole fruits and grains and a greater variety of vegetables. Differences by ethnicity suggest providers could benefit from culturally tailored recommendations.

scholarly journals Dietary Contributors to Food Group Intake in Preschool Children Attending Family Childcare Homes

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 268-268
Author(s):  
Andrea Ramirez ◽  
Maya Vadiveloo ◽  
Mary Greaney ◽  
Patricia Risica ◽  
Kim Gans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Cluster Randomized Trial ◽  
Food Group ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Blood Institute ◽  
Family Childcare

Abstract Objectives To identify and describe the food sources that contribute to food group intake in preschool children attending family childcare homes (FCCH) in Rhode Island and to examine differences by provider ethnicity. Methods Baseline data (n = 120 FCCH and n = 370 children) from Healthy Start, an ongoing cluster-randomized trial, were used. Information about foods and beverages consumed by the children was collected using the Dietary Observation in Child Care. The Nutrition Data System for Research food group classification was used to define food groups, sources and servings. The contribution of food sources to major food groups was calculated using ratio of means. Differences in mean ratios between Latino and non-Latino providers were tested with ANOVA and ANCOVA (P &lt; 0.05) and Bonferroni adjustments were made for multiple comparisons. Results The analysis included 120 FCCH providers, all female, 68% were Latino, mean age of 48.9 ± 9.0 years; and 370 preschool children, 57% were Latino, mean age of 3.4 ± 0.9 years. Across FCCH, juice contributed the highest proportion to the fruits consumed (0.85 ± 0.24), and most vegetables consumed were non-starchy (0.61 ± 0.34). Nearly, three-fourths of dairy was low-fat (0.71 ± 0.30) and most milk/yogurt was unsweetened (0.85 ± 0.20). Three fourths of the grain servings consumed were refined (0.75 ± 0.22). The majority of the fats were vegetable oils (0.89 ± 0.20), and syrup/honey/jelly contributed more than half (0.50 ± 0.41) to the total sweets consumed. Children in non-Latino vs Latino FCCH consumed a significantly higher proportion of nuts and seeds (0.21 ± 0.34 vs 0.05 ± 0.13) and animal fats (0.37 ± 0.36 vs 0.11 ± 0.20). Similarly, children attending non-Latino FCCH ate a significantly higher proportion of non-starchy vegetables (0.82 ± 0.24 vs 0.52 ± 0.34), but a significantly lower proportion of legumes (0.05 ± 0.19 vs 0.33 ± 0.31) compared to Latino FCCH. Conclusions FCCH providers should be encouraged to include more whole fruits and whole grains. Differences between the foods consumed in FCCH according to the ethnicity of the provider, highlights the importance of considering cultural differences when developing tailored interventions to improve children's dietary intake at these settings. Funding Sources National Institutes of Health- National Heart, Lung, Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health.

Pesticides, Selected Elements, and Other Chemicals in Adult Total Diet Samples, October 1978-September 1979

1985 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 862-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia J Gartrell ◽  
John C Craun ◽  
David S Podrebarac ◽  
Ellis L Gunderson
Keyword(s):  
Daily Intake ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Industrial Chemicals ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Daily Intakes ◽  
Calculated Average

Abstract The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) conducts Total Diet Studies to determine the dietary intake of selected pesticides, industrial chemicals, and elements (including radionuclides). These studies involve the retail purchase and analysis of foods representative of the diets of infants, toddlers, and adults. The individual food items are separated into a number of food groups, each of which is analyzed as a composite. This report summarizes the results for adult Total Diet samples collected in 20 cities between October 1978 and September 1979. The average concentration, range of concentrations, and calculated average daily intake of each chemical found are presented by food group. The average daily intakes of the chemicals are similar to those found in the several preceding years and are within acceptable limits. The results for samples collected during the same period that represent the diets of infants and toddlers are reported separately.

scholarly journals The Influence of dietary diversity on the nutritional status of children between 6 and 23 months of age in Tanzania

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Gharib Khamis ◽  
Akwilina Wendelin Mwanri ◽  
Julius Edward Ntwenya ◽  
Katharina Kreppel
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Child Feeding ◽  
Young Child Feeding ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children ◽  
Minimum Dietary Diversity

Abstract Background Undernutrition poses a serious health challenge in developing countries. Tanzania has the highest undernutrition burdens in East and Southern Africa. Poor infant and young child feeding practices including consumption of undiversified diet are the main cause for undernutrition. There is limited information regarding the association between dietary diversity and undernutrition in Tanzania. The objective of this paper was to examine to what extent the dietary diversity is associated with undernutrition of children of 6 to 23 months in Tanzania.Methods This is a secondary data analysis from data collected by the Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey of 2015-2016. Stunting, wasting and underweight were calculated from Z-scores based on 2006 WHO standards. A dietary diversity score was created by summing the number of food groups reported for each child by the mother ranging from 0 to 7. Then, a Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD) indicator was used to assess the diversity of the diet given to children. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression techniques were used to assess the odds ratios of becoming undernourished.Results A total of 2,960 children were enrolled in this study. The majority (73.9%) of children did not reach the recommended Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD). The most commonly consumed types of foods were grains, roots and tubers (91%), and Vitamin A containing fruits and vegetables (65%). Consumption of a diverse diet was significantly associated with a reduction of stunting, wasting and being underweight in children. The likelihood of being stunted, wasted and underweight was found to decrease as the number of food group consumed increased. Children who did not received an MDD diet had a significantly higher likelihood of being stunted (AOR=1.37, 95% CI; 1.13-1.65) and underweight (AOR=1.49, 95% CI; 1.15-1.92), but this was not the case for wasting. Consumption of animal source foods has been found to be associated with reduced stunting among children.Conclusion Consumption of a diverse diet was associated with a reduction in undernutrition among children of 6 to 23 months in Tanzania. Measures to improve the type of complementary foods in order to meet the energy and nutritional demands of children should be considered in Tanzania.

scholarly journals Association Study on Nutrition in the First Year of Life and Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH)—Results from the GINIplus and LISA Birth Cohort Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11411
Author(s):  
Yeganeh Khazaei ◽  
Carla P. Harris ◽  
Joachim Heinrich ◽  
Marie Standl ◽  
Jan Kühnisch
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Permanent Dentition ◽  
First Year ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Molar Incisor Hypomineralization ◽  
First Year Of Life

Molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a condition with specific clinical presentation whose etiology to date still remains unknown. This study prospectively investigated the association between nutrition during the 1st year of life and the presence of MIH in the permanent dentition. Data from 1070 10-year-old children from two prospective birth cohort studies were included. Information on exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) and introduction of 48 food items into the child’s diet was assessed at 4-, 6-, and 12-month time-points. Food diversity was defined according to the number of food items or food groups introduced into the child’s diet and then subsequent categorization into low-, middle- and high-diversity groups was performed. MIH was scored in the permanent dentition at age of 10 years. The statistical analysis included logistic and Poisson hurdle regression models adjusted for potential confounders. EBF, food item and food group diversity at 4-, 6-, 12-month time-points were found to be non-significant in most of the categories for the development of MIH. However, significantly higher odds for the presence of MIH were found for certain categories. Despite the limitation of this study, such as arbitrary cut-offs for categorization of food items, the results of this study suggest the lack of an association between early nutrition in the first year of life and MIH in the permanent dentition.

scholarly journals Selection of food items for inclusion in a newly developed food-frequency questionnaire

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 745-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Shai ◽  
Danit R Shahar ◽  
Hillel Vardi ◽  
Drora Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Food Frequency Questionnaire ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Food Items ◽  
24 Hour Recall ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractObjectives:To highlight the differences between the food list required in a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to rank people by their intake and the food items that contribute to absolute intake, and to discuss possible applications.Methods:We conducted a nutritional survey among 1173 adults using an adapted 24-hour recall questionnaire.Statistical analysis:To develop an FFQ, we analysed the 24-hour recall survey data by performing a stepwise multiple regression after grouping conceptually similar food items into 175 food groups.Results:In total, 126 food groups were included in the developed FFQ in order to explain at least 80% of the variance in the consumption of each of 27 nutrients. The nutrients that were explained by a few food groups were vitamin A (one food group), alcohol (two), β-carotene (two), vitamin E (three) and cholesterol (five). Nutrients that were explained by a large number of food groups were energy (37 food groups), potassium (31), magnesium (31), dietary fibre (30), phosphorus (31) and sodium (29). Using energy intake as an example, soft drinks were the best between-person energy classifiers, while providing only 2.4% of the total energy intake. Wine, seeds and nuts, which contributed highly to the variance, were minor energy contributors. In contrast, milk, sugar, fried chicken/turkey breast or whole chicken/turkey, which explained little of the variation in the population, were major energy contributors.Conclusions:Developing an FFQ on the basis of common foods may not explain the between-person variation required for ranking individual intake in diet–disease studies. Producing lists of ‘discriminating items’ can be a useful application in developing mini-FFQs for selected nutrients.

scholarly journals Protein Labelling Accuracy for UK Patients with PKU Following a Low Protein Diet

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3440
Author(s):  
Dilyana Kraleva ◽  
Sharon Evans ◽  
Alex Pinto ◽  
Anne Daly ◽  
Catherine Ashmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Cooking Methods ◽  
Food Protein ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Restricted Diet ◽  
Protein Labelling ◽  
Food Items

A phenylalanine (protein)-restricted diet is the primary treatment for phenylketonuria (PKU). Patients are dependent on food protein labelling to successfully manage their condition. We evaluated the accuracy of protein labelling on packaged manufactured foods from supermarket websites for foods that may be eaten as part of a phenylalanine-restricted diet. Protein labelling information was evaluated for 462 food items (“free from”, n = 159, regular, n = 303), divided into 16 food groups using supermarket website data. Data collection included protein content per portion/100 g when food was “as sold”, “cooked” or “prepared”; cooking methods, and preparation instructions. Labelling errors affecting protein content were observed in every food group, with overall protein labelling unclear in 55% (n = 255/462) of foods. There was misleading, omitted, or erroneous (MOE) information in 43% (n = 68/159) of “free from” foods compared with 62% (n = 187/303) of regular foods, with fewer inaccuracies in “free from” food labelling (p = 0.007). Protein analysis was available for uncooked weight only but not cooked weight for 58% (n = 85/146) of foods; 4% (n = 17/462) had misleading protein content. There was a high rate of incomplete, misleading, or inaccurate data affecting the interpretation of the protein content of food items on supermarket websites. This could adversely affect metabolic control of patients with PKU and warrants serious consideration.

Development and simulated validation of a dish composition database for estimating food group and nutrient intakes in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 2367-2380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nana Shinozaki ◽  
Kentaro Murakami ◽  
Shizuko Masayasu ◽  
Satoshi Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Dietary Records

AbstractObjective:To develop a dish composition database (DCD) and assess its ability to estimate dietary intake.Design:The DCD was developed based on 16 d dietary records (DR). We aggregated all reported dishes into 128 dish codes and calculated mean food group and nutrient contents for each code. These data were used to calculate dietary intake in a different population that completed a 4 d DR. The estimated values were compared with those estimated using the standard food composition database (FCD) of Japan.Setting:Japan.Participants:A total 252 adults aged 31–81 years for the 16 d DR (3941 d in total) and 392 adults aged 20–69 years for the 4 d DR (1568 d in total) participated.Results:There were significant differences in median intakes between the DCD and the FCD for eighteen and twenty (of twenty-six) food groups and for twenty-nine and twenty-two (of forty-three) nutrients (including energy) in men and women, respectively. For food group intakes, Spearman correlation coefficients between the DCD and FCD ranged from 0·19 (animal fats) to 0·90 (fruits and alcoholic beverages) in men (median: 0·61) and from 0·25 (oils) to 0·89 (noodles) in women (median: 0·58). For nutrient intakes, the corresponding values ranged from 0·25 (retinol) to 0·90 (alcohol) in men (median: 0·60) and from 0·15 (retinol) to 0·74 (alcohol) in women (median: 0·53).Conclusions:Whereas it is difficult to accurately estimate absolute dietary intake values using the present DCD, it has acceptable ability to rank the intakes of many food groups and nutrients.

scholarly journals Comparison of relative validity of food group intakes estimated by comprehensive and brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaires against 16 d dietary records in Japanese adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1200-1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satomi Kobayashi ◽  
Kentaro Murakami ◽  
Satoshi Sasaki ◽  
Hitomi Okubo ◽  
Naoko Hirota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Relative Validity ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Dietary Records ◽  
Diet History Questionnaire ◽  
Diet History

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the relative validity of food group intakes derived from a comprehensive self-administered diet history questionnaire (DHQ) and a brief-type DHQ (BDHQ) developed for the assessment of Japanese diets during the previous month using semi-weighed dietary records (DR) as a reference method.DesignBetween November 2002 and September 2003, a 4 d DR (covering four non-consecutive days), a DHQ (150-item semi-quantitative questionnaire) and a BDHQ (fifty-eight-item fixed-portion-type questionnaire) were completed four times (once per season) at 3-month intervals.SettingThree areas in Japan: Osaka, Nagano and Tottori.SubjectsNinety-two Japanese women aged 31–69 years and ninety-two Japanese men aged 32–76 years.ResultsMedian food group intakes were estimated well for approximately half of the food groups. No statistically significant differences were noted between a 16 d DR and the first DHQ (DHQ1) or between the DR and the first BDHQ (BDHQ1) in fifteen (44 %) and fifteen (52 %) food items for women and in fourteen (41 %) and sixteen (55 %) food items for men, respectively, indicating that both questionnaires estimated median values reasonably well. Median Spearman's correlation coefficients with the DR were 0·43 (range: −0·09 to 0·77) for DHQ1 and 0·44 (range: 0·14 to 0·82) for BDHQ1 in women, with respective values of 0·44 (range: 0·08 to 0·87) and 0·48 (range: 0·22 to 0·83) in men, indicating reasonable ranking ability. Similar results were observed for mean values of the four DHQ and BDHQ.ConclusionsIn terms of food intake estimates, both the DHQ and the BDHQ showed reasonable validity.

scholarly journals Sensory-Related Industrial Additives in the US Packaged Food Supply

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn Tseng ◽  
Camille J. Grigsby ◽  
Abigail Austin ◽  
Samir Amin ◽  
Aydin Nazmi
Keyword(s):  
Food Group ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Group Data ◽  
The Us ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Sensory Qualities ◽  
Packaged Foods ◽  
Packaged Food

Background: Increasing evidence suggests that ultra-processed foods (UPFs) lead to elevated risk of obesity-related conditions, but UPF measurement has been criticized for its subjectivity and lack of clarity on biological mechanism. Sensory-related industrial additives (SRIAs) are a defining feature of UPFs and may encourage overconsumption by enhancing the sensory quality of foods. However, practical challenges have prevented systematic incorporation of SRIAs into UPF measurement.Objective: The objectives of this work were to describe a new, open-source ingredient list search method and to apply this method to describe the presence of SRIAs in US packaged foods.Methods: We developed computer coding to search for 64 common SRIAs related to sweetness, flavor, appearance, and texture in 241,688 foods in the US Branded Food Products Database (BFPD). The BFPD includes manufacturer-provided ingredient lists for ~300,000 branded and private label food items. We determined the total number of SRIAs (0–64) and the number of different types of SRIAs (sweetness, flavor, appearance, texture, 0–4) in each food, then calculated the percent of all foods with SRIAs. This was done for all foods, and by food group for 224,098 items with food group data.Results: Most (64.9%) foods in the BFPD contained at least one SRIA, and more than a third had at least three. Sweets (89.5%), beverages (84.9%), and ready-to-eat (RTE) foods (82.0%) were the most likely to contain SRIAs. With respect to SRIA types, 25.7% of all food items had at least three of the four types of SRIAs examined, with texture-related additives being the most common. Among sweets, 20% had all four types of SRIAs.Discussion: This work confirms the high prevalence of SRIAs in US packaged foods. They are ubiquitous in sweets, beverages, and RTE foods, but also present in substantial proportions of other food groups. Quantifying the presence of SRIAs in ingredient lists offers a novel way to identify UPFs for research; to distinguish more vs. less ultra-processed foods; and to test whether UPFs increase risk for obesity-related conditions through additives that enhance the product's sensory qualities.

scholarly journals Maternal Employment and Children's Dietary Diversity Scores in Southwestern Guatemala (P10-039-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin Lowery ◽  
Vanessa Oddo ◽  
Kristen Hurley ◽  
Jessica Jones-Smith ◽  
Joel Gittelsohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Food Purchasing ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Employed Women

Abstract Objectives To assess the relationship between maternal employment and children's dietary diversity in rural Guatemala. Methods A mixed-method design was used to compare quantitative findings on children's dietary diversity collected from Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQs) (n = 802), with qualitative data from in-depth interviews (IDIs) with a sub-sample of participants (n = 20). Mothers reported the number of times per week their child consumed select food items from seven food groups (grains, legumes, vitamin A-rich fruits & vegetables, other fruits & vegetables, eggs, dairy and meat). The total for each food item was then divided by seven to find the number of times the child consumed each food per day. Then, the daily consumption of all food items within a category was totaled for each food group. If the total for the food group was at least one, the child was given one point for daily consumption, with a maximum dietary diversity score (DDS) of seven. Using multivariate linear regression, we compared the DDS of children of employed mothers to the DDS of children of unemployed mothers. We used separate multivariate logistic regression models to estimate the association between maternal employment and consumption of each food group. Models were adjusted for maternal (age, education, marital status, parity), child (age, sex), and household (size) characteristics. IDIs explored the mechanisms by which food purchasing and preparation, as well as child-feeding behavior differed for employed and unemployed women. Results Maternal employment (versus unemployment) was associated with higher dietary diversity scores for children (β = 0.3; 95% CI: 0.06,0.54). The odds of consuming each food group did not differ significantly between children of employed and unemployed women, except for dairy (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.0, 2.6), but the general trend suggested children of employed women were more likely to consume six of the seven food groups. Qualitative data indicates that employed women purchase higher quality and greater quantities of food. Conclusions Maternal employment is associated with higher children's dietary diversity scores in rural Guatemala. Quantitative and qualitative data suggests that maternal employment is related to food purchasing behavior. Funding Sources Mathile Institute & Global Obesity Prevention Center at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document