scholarly journals Preterm’s Nutrition from Hospital to Solid Foods: Are We Still Navigating by Sight?

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3646
Author(s):  
Beatrice Letizia Crippa ◽  
Daniela Morniroli ◽  
Maria Elisabetta Baldassarre ◽  
Alessandra Consales ◽  
Giulia Vizzari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Care ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Solid Foods ◽  
Fresh Milk ◽  
Premature Babies ◽  
Open Issue ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
The Right ◽  
Extrauterine Growth Retardation

As preterm birth rates are globally increasing, together with research on preterms’ peculiar needs, neonatologists are still facing the challenge of how to properly feed them. The need to strike a balance between excessive catch-up growth and extrauterine growth retardation, both leading to adverse outcomes, is made even more difficult by the broad range of preterms’ needs. Although mother’s fresh milk is undoubtedly the best nourishment, its availability during hospital stay is often lower than recommended, and its fortification at discharge is still an open issue. Formula milks are available as an alternative to breast milk. However, choosing the right formula requires a thorough evaluation of the infant’s perinatal history and targets. Last but not least, adequate timing and initiation of weaning in premature babies are still a poorly explored matter. This narrative review aims at evaluating the multitude of issues to consider when feeding preterms in the three stages of their first life: in-hospital care, discharge, and, eventually, weaning. Given the current absence of internationally shared guidelines, understanding the potential pitfalls of preterms’ nutrition could help us trace the right path for the right preterm.

scholarly journals International R&D Spillovers and Innovation Efficiency

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianping Liu ◽  
Kai Lu ◽  
Shixiong Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Capital Stock ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study is to examine the impact of international research and development (R&D) spillovers on innovation efficiency of specific R&D outcomes, employing the country-level panel data for 44 countries in the 1996–2013 period. Fully considering the heterogeneity of different R&D outputs, scientific papers, PCT (Patent Cooperation Treaty) patents, US patents, and domestic patents are observed separately, which enriches the angles of measuring international R&D spillovers. By applying a stochastic frontier analysis to knowledge production function, we find that foreign R&D capital stock positively contributes to the innovation efficiency of scientific papers, but suppresses the productivity of domestic patents, whereas it does not really matter for PCT or US patents. These results are robust to control for a set of institutional factors and also in sensitivity analyses. Hence, dependence on international R&D spillovers seems neither to be the right way for emerging economies to catch up, nor to be a sustainable model for developing countries to fill the technical gap. Local R&D capital stock, instead, keeps an essential contributor to all four R&D outputs, so raising internal R&D expenditure is actually the key to improving innovation level and sustainable development ability.

Anaesthetic considerations for emergency laparotomy

Nowa Medycyna ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Wadełek
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Right ◽  
Level Of Experience ◽  
Time Frames ◽  
Reduced Time

The majority of patients undergoing emergency laparotomy have potentially life?threatening conditions that require prompt intervention. The reduced time?frames available due to surgical urgency necessitate prompt and senior decision?making to minimise delays. The time taken to correct any anomalies needs to be balanced against the need for prompt surgery, particularly in time?sensitive situations involving sepsis or hypovolaemia. Therefore, corrective measures may be performed in parallel with surgery. Patients undergoing emergency laparotomy are at a high risk of adverse outcomes. Key elements of care for these patients include repeated risk assessment, early antibiotic therapy, as well as fluid resuscitation and appropriate timely interventions provided by clinicians with the right level of experience.

The Impetus and Catalytic Role of Green ICT for Business Benefit

2013 ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
Keith Sherringham
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Catalytic Role ◽  
Green Ict ◽  
The Right ◽  
Strategic Transformation

The monetized catalyst and impetus for the adoption of Green ICT by business are explored in this paper. For a business to significantly reduce its environmental footprint through the use of Green ICT, a strategic transformation of business is required. Such a transformation includes changes to business models, a redefinition of business processes, a realignment of information exchange, and integration of unified communication. Without the right impetuses and catalysts, a strategic transformation of a business may take a long time or, at worst, may not occur because of incumbency, cost, and risk. Like other strategic changes, the implementation of Green ICT is likely to be achieved through a series of tactical changes aligned to an overall strategy. However, such an incremental tactical approach requires consistency and persistency in taking advantage of many small business opportunities to implement Green ICT. Such an adoption of Green ICT is only likely to occur because of the business benefits achieved. Any catalyst and impetus for the adoption of Green ICT must provide tangible (monetized) benefits to a business, as well as prevent adverse outcomes.

scholarly journals Keep calm and carry on: A crisis communication study of Cadbury and McDonalds

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 371-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achyut Telang ◽  
Amruta Deshpande
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Communication ◽  
Damage Control ◽  
Crisis Situation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
The Impact ◽  
A Company ◽  
Communication Study

Abstract Many organizations, at some point or another, have to face a crisis situation. In that scenario, the way in which the organization communicates makes or breaks the organization’s success in dealing with the crisis. Especially after the emergence of the social media, the impact of crisis communication on the process of successful crisis management has become even greater than before. Organizations have to take the initiative, to be proactive and create a plan for crisis communication. This paper is focused on the comparative study of the communication approaches followed by Cadbury and McDonalds during a period when the companies were dealing with a crisis. The findings of the content analysis show that a company should respond to the crisis as quickly as possible to avoid loss in terms of sales. The initial statement of the companies during a crisis should be clear, positive and through the right channel to help the company regain its reputation on the market. Advertising is the best way to convey the message across the world because the crisis situation that has come up in one market can soon catch-up in the other markets where the company operates. The company has to connect with the consumers on emotional grounds because the crisis breaks down the faith of the consumers in the company. The recovery actions that support the statements also play an important role during the crisis situation. By following the above-mentioned communication strategies, organizations can achieve damage control as well as turn the crisis into an opportunity to grow.

Regional shortages in a small country: how to provide the right care in the right place?

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Hansen ◽  
R Batenburg ◽  
E Vis ◽  
L Van der Velden
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Hospital Care ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Regional Collaboration ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Vested Interests ◽  
More Care ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background The Netherlands, though being a relatively small and densely populated country, is faced with a similar challenge as other countries in terms of regional differences in access to care and attractiveness for care workers to build their careers. Both in primary care and hospital care new solutions are being sought which should help resolve these growing difficulties. Methods We conducted a literature review, survey and registry analysis, and held interviews with key stakeholders. Results Substantial differences exist between regions in the supply of both primary care and hospital care doctors. Particular and less populated regions appear to be hit in multiple ways, both with an extra ageing population requiring more care as well as by limited attractiveness for both primary care and hospital care workers. Solutions being used so far are mostly initiated by individual health care settings, such as strategic personnel management, redistribution of tasks and campaigns to increase the inflow of staff. Increasingly, solutions are also being explored at regional level, including a growing emphasis on regional collaboration, both in providing the right care in the right place as well as in terms of joint recruitment strategies. Still, such approaches only have a limited effect as a result of which new approaches are needed. Conclusions Strategies to improve the attractiveness of particular regions are now often fragmented, both between types of professions and sectors and different regions. In addition, innovative and new solutions appear to be hampered by vested interests of stakeholders. If new solutions are to be developed it is key that stakeholders are willing to compromise, be it when it comes to the autonomy of health care professionals and their associations and to the financial commitments required from government and insurer side.

scholarly journals Age at introduction of solid foods and feeding difficulties in childhood: findings from the Southampton Women’s Survey

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 743-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Hollis ◽  
S. R. Crozier ◽  
H. M. Inskip ◽  
C. Cooper ◽  
K. M. Godfrey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Question ◽  
Child Feeding ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Feeding Difficulties ◽  
Solid Foods ◽  
Potential Child ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
Feeding Difficulty ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Right

AbstractThis study aimed to determine whether age at introduction of solid foods was associated with feeding difficulties at 3 years of age. The present study was carried out using data from the Southampton Women’s Survey (SWS). Women enrolled in the SWS who subsequently became pregnant were followed-up during pregnancy and postpartum, and the offspring have been studied through childhood. Maternal socio-demographic and anthropometric data and child anthropometric and feeding data were collected through interviews and self-administered questionnaires. When the children were 3 years of age, mothers/carers rated six potential child feeding difficulty questions on a four-point Likert scale, including one general question and five specific feeding difficulty questions. Age at introduction of solids as a predictor of feeding difficulties was examined in 2389 mother–child pairs, adjusting for child (age last breast fed, sex, gestation) and maternal characteristics (parity, pre-pregnancy BMI, age, education, employment, parenting difficulties, diet quality). The majority of mothers/carers (61 %) reported some feeding difficulties (general feeding difficulty question) at 3 years of age, specifically with their child eating enough food (61 %), eating the right food (66 %) and being choosy with food (74 %). Children who were introduced to solids ≥6 months had a lower risk of feeding difficulties (RR 0·73; 95 % CI 0·59, 0·91, P=0·004) than children who were introduced to solids between 4 and 6 months. No other significant associations were found. There were few associations between feeding difficulties in relation to age at introduction of solid foods. However, general feeding difficulties were less common among infants introduced to solid foods ≥6 months of age.

scholarly journals GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCHES OF THE LANDSLIDE TERRITORIES OF THE RIGHT BANK OF THE DNIEPER RIVER (FOREST-STEPPE ZONE)

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
S. Vyzhva ◽  
V. Onyshchuk ◽  
I. Onyshchuk ◽  
M. Reva ◽  
O. Shabatura
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Power ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Geophysical Method ◽  
Geophysical Research ◽  
Landslide Processes ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
The Right

The paper discusses the details of the application of geophysical research methods in the study of the landslide areas of the right bank of the Dnieper River within the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine. Geological and geophysical models of landslides are given. The specific tasks that are posed in studies of landslides were highlighted. There are three stages in studies of landslides which were defined: reconnaissance-methodological, detailed and monitoring. Also, sets of geophysical methods for these stages were designated. It is emphasized that the rational set of geophysical methods in the study of landslide processes is determined for each individual natural environment, taking into account: the possibility of performing field studies by a specific geophysical method on the area; the presence of differentiation of rocks by physical properties, that are used by the specific geophysical method; economic efficiency of application of the geophysical method. As an example, we described some of the results of geophysical studies, which were carried outon exemplary landslidesites onthe right bank of the Dnieper River within the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine near the Trypillia thermal power plant.

scholarly journals Meningkatkan Daya Saing UMKM Kicimpring melalui Program “Melek UMKM”

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 5040
Author(s):  
Agi Syarif Hidayat ◽  
Kartono Kartono ◽  
Mardiyani Mardiyani ◽  
Ismu Lisara
Keyword(s):  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Product Packaging ◽  
Participatory Learning ◽  
Participatory Learning And Action ◽  
Product Image ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Simple Product ◽  
Evaluation And Monitoring ◽  
The Right ◽  
Brand Product

Abstract. The purpose of this community empowerment activity is to increase the competitiveness of MSMEs through the "MELEK (Brand, Lebel and Packaging) MSME" program. The community empowerment method used in this activity is Participatory Learning and Action. The location of the activity was carried out at Kicimpring MSME in Cimara Village, Kuningan Regency, West Java Province. The reason for selecting community empowerment locations is because Kicimpring MSMEs do not yet have brands, labels and only have simple product packaging. Community empowerment activities are carried out through three stages: 1) Planning, 2) actions, 3) evaluation and monitoring. The results of this community empowerment activity are: 1) MSMEs have an awareness of the importance of brand, product labels and packaging, 2) MSMEs can determine the right trademark, 3) there are improvements to product packaging, 3) an increase in product image in the eyes of consumers, 4) an increase in sales of products after the product was given a brand, label and packaging. Based on evaluation and monitoring it can be concluded that the "MELEK UMKM" program can improve the competitiveness of MSMEs.Keywords: Brand; Labels; Packaging; MSMEsAbstrak. Tujuan kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan daya saing UMKM melalaui program “MELEK (Merek, Lebel dan Kemasan) UMKM”. Metode pemberdayaan masyarakat yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah Participatory Learning and Action. Lokasi kegiatan dilaksanakan pada UMKM Kicimpring di Desa Cimara Kabupaten Kuningan Provinsi Jawa Barat. Alasan pemilihan lokasi pemberdayaan masyarakat adalah karena UMKM Kicimpring belum memiliki merek, label serta hanya memiliki kemasan produk yang sederhana. Kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat dilakukan melalui tiga tahapan yaitu 1) Perencanaan, 2) tindakan, 3) evaluasi dan monitoring. Hasil dari kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat ini yaitu : 1) UMKM memiliki kesadaran mengenai pentingnya merek, label dan kemasan produk, 2) UMKM dapat menentukan merek dagang yang tepat, 3) adanya perbaikan kemasan produk, 3) adanya peningkatan citra produk dimata konsumen, 4) adanya peningkatan penjualan produk pasca produk diberi merek, label dan kemasan. Berdasarkan evaluasi dan monitoring dapat disimpulkan bahwa program “MELEK UMKM” dapat meningkatkan daya saing UMKM. Kata Kunci : Merek; Lebel; Kemasan; UMKM

scholarly journals Associations of Blood Pressure and Heart Rate and Their Contribution to the Development of Cardiovascular Complications and All-Cause Mortality in the Russian Population of 25-64 Years

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 759-769
Author(s):  
S. A. Shalnova ◽  
V. A. Kutsenko ◽  
A. V. Kapustina ◽  
E. B. Yarovaya ◽  
Yu. A. Balanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
The Right ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Aim. To study the relationship of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) in a sample of men and women 25-64 years old and their predictive value for the development of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and mortality from all causes.Material and methods. Prospective observation was for cohorts of the population aged 25-64 years from 11 regions of the Russian Federation. 18,251 people were included in the analysis. Each participant gave written informed consent. All surveyed persons were interviewed with a standard questionnaire. BP was measured on the right hand with an automatic tonometer. BP and HR were measured twice with an interval of 2-3 min with the calculation of the average value. The patients were divided into 4 groups: the first group with BP<140/90 ><140/90 mm Hg and HR≤80 beats/min; the second group – BP<140/><140/90 mm Hg and HR>80; the third group – BP≥140/90 mm Hg and HR≤80; the fourth group – BP≥140/90 mm Hg and HR>80 beats/min. Risk factors and cardiovascular history were analyzed as well. Deaths over 6 years of follow-up occurred in 393 people (141 – from CVD). Statistical analysis was performed using the open source R3.6.1 system.Results. A HR>80 beats/min was found in 26.3% of people with BP≥140/90 mm Hg, regardless of medication. Analysis of the associations between HR and BP showed that for every increase in HR by 10 beats/min, systolic BP increases by 3 mm Hg. (p<0.0001). The group with HR>80 beats/min and BP≥140/90 mm Hg had the shortest life expectancy (p<0.001). Adding an increased HR to BP≥140/90 mm Hg significantly><0.001). Adding an increased HR to BP≥140/90 mm Hg significantly worsened the prognosis of patients. Similar results were obtained in the analysis of cardiovascular survival. Elevated BP and elevated HR had the same effect on outcomes, except for the combined endpoint, where the contribution of elevated BP was predominant. However, their combined effect was the largest and highly significant for the development of the studied outcomes, even after adjusting for other predictors. With an increase in HR by every 10 beats/min, the risk of mortality increased statistically significantly by 22%.Conclusion. The prevalence of HR>80 beats/min in people with BP≥140 mm Hg amounted to 26.34%. Every 10 beats/min significantly increases the risk of mortality by 22%. Increased HR with elevated BP leads to increased adverse outcomes.

scholarly journals VR-based training of craniotomy for intracranial aneurysm surgery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mareen Allgaier ◽  
Amir Amini ◽  
Belal Neyazi ◽  
I. Erol Sandalcioglu ◽  
Bernhard Preim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operating Room ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Training System ◽  
Dice Similarity Coefficient ◽  
Head Positioning ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Training Simulation ◽  
Immersive Environment ◽  
The Right ◽  
Virtual Interactions

Abstract Purpose Intracranial aneurysms can be treated micro-surgically. This procedure involves an appropriate head position of the patient and a proper craniotomy. These steps enable a proper access, facilitating the subsequent steps. To train the access planning process, we propose a VR-based training system. Method We designed and implemented an immersive VR access simulation, where the user is surrounded by a virtual operating room, including medical equipment and virtual staff. The patient’s head can be positioned via hand rotation and an arbitrary craniotomy contour can be drawn. The chosen access can be evaluated by exposing the aneurysm using a microscopic view. Results The evaluation of the simulation took place in three stages: testing the simulation using the think-aloud method, conducting a survey and examining the precision of drawing the contour. Although there are differences between the virtual interactions and their counterparts in reality, the participants liked the immersion and felt present in the operating room. The calculated surface dice similarity coefficient, Hausdorff distance and feedback of the participants show that the difficulty of drawing the craniotomy is appropriate. Conclusion The presented training simulation for head positioning and access planning benefits from the immersive environment. Thus, it is an appropriate training for novice neurosurgeons and medical students with the goal to improve anatomical understanding and to become aware of the importance of the right craniotomy hole.

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