scholarly journals Prisoners of Addictive Cues: Biobehavioral Markers of Overweight and Obese Adults with Food Addiction

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3563
Author(s):  
Roni Aviram-Friedman ◽  
Lior Kafri ◽  
Guy Baz ◽  
Uri Alyagon ◽  
Abraham Zangen
Keyword(s):  
Food Addiction ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Brain Asymmetry ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Potential Component ◽  
Disordered Eating Behavior ◽  
Biobehavioral Markers

Obesity is associated with food and eating addiction (FA), but the biobehavioral markers of this condition are poorly understood. To characterize FA, we recruited 18 healthy controls and overweight/obese adults with (n = 31) and without (n = 17) FA (H-C, FAOB, NFAOB, respectively) to assess alpha brain asymmetry at rest using electroencephalogram; event-related potentials following exposure to high-calorie food (HCF), low-calorie food (LCF), and nonfood (NF) images in a Stroop paradigm; reaction time reflective of the Stroop bias; and symptoms of depression and disordered eating behavior. The FAOB group had the greatest emotional and uncontrollable eating, depressive, and binge-eating symptoms. The FAOB group displayed lower resting left alpha brain asymmetry than that of the NFAOB group. Differently from the other groups, the FAOB group presented attenuated Stroop bias following exposure to HCF relative to NF images, as well as a lower late positive potential component (LPPb; 450–495 ms) in both frontal and occipital regions. In the total cohort, a correlation was found between the Stroop bias and the LPPb amplitude. These results point to biobehavioral hypervigilance in response to addictive food triggers in overweight/obese adults with FA. This resembles other addictive disorders but is absent in overweight/obesity without FA.

Neurophysiological and Cognitive Correlates of Error Processing Deficits in Internet Gaming Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 4914-4921
Author(s):  
Minkyung Park ◽  
Myung Hun Jung ◽  
Jiyoon Lee ◽  
A Ruem Choi ◽  
Sun Ju Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Internet Gaming Disorder ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Error Processing ◽  
Gaming Disorder ◽  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
Internet Gaming ◽  
Related Potentials

Abstract The ability to detect and correct errors is a critical aspect of human cognition. Neuronal dysfunction in error processing has been reported in addictive disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate neural systems underlying error processing using event-related potentials (ERPs) and current source localization as well as neurocognitive executive function tests in patients with Internet gaming disorder (IGD). A total of 68 individuals (34 patients with IGD and 34 healthy controls [HCs]) were included, and two ERP components, error-related negativity (ERN) and error positivity (Pe), were extracted during a GoNogo task. Patients with IGD exhibited significantly reduced ERN and Pe amplitudes compared with HCs. Standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) in between-group comparisons revealed that patients with IGD had decreased source activations of the Pe component in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) under the Nogo condition. These ERP changes were associated with deficits in decision-making and response inhibition in IGD patients. The results suggest that IGD may be associated with functional abnormalities in the ACC and alterations in neural activity related to both the early unconscious and the later conscious stages of error processing, as well as deficits in area of decision-making.

scholarly journals Nicotine enhances an auditory Event-Related Potential component which is inversely related to habituation

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 861-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa Veltri ◽  
Naira Taroyan ◽  
Paul G Overton
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Music Appreciation ◽  
Auditory Event ◽  
Complex Tones ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Potential Component

Nicotine is a psychoactive substance that is commonly consumed in the context of music. However, the reason why music and nicotine are co-consumed is uncertain. One possibility is that nicotine affects cognitive processes relevant to aspects of music appreciation in a beneficial way. Here we investigated this possibility using Event-Related Potentials. Participants underwent a simple decision-making task (to maintain attentional focus), responses to which were signalled by auditory stimuli. Unlike previous research looking at the effects of nicotine on auditory processing, we used complex tones that varied in pitch, a fundamental element of music. In addition, unlike most other studies, we tested non-smoking subjects to avoid withdrawal-related complications. We found that nicotine (4.0 mg, administered as gum) increased P2 amplitude in the frontal region. Since a decrease in P2 amplitude and latency is related to habituation processes, and an enhanced ability to disengage from irrelevant stimuli, our findings suggest that nicotine may cause a reduction in habituation, resulting in non-smokers being less able to adapt to repeated stimuli. A corollary of that decrease in adaptation may be that nicotine extends the temporal window during which a listener is able and willing to engage with a piece of music.

scholarly journals Trait Disinhibition and NoGo Event-Related Potentials in Violent Mentally Disordered Offenders and Healthy Controls

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Delfin ◽  
Emily Ruzich ◽  
Märta Wallinius ◽  
Malin Björnsdotter ◽  
Peter Andiné
Keyword(s):  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Maladaptive Behaviors ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Mentally Disordered Offenders ◽  
Mentally Disordered ◽  
Outcome Monitoring ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Neural Efficiency ◽  
P3 Amplitude ◽  
Biobehavioral Markers

Trait disinhibition may function as a dispositional liability toward maladaptive behaviors relevant in the treatment of mentally disordered offenders (MDOs). Reduced amplitude and prolonged latency of the NoGo N2 and P3 event-related potentials have emerged as promising candidates for transdiagnostic, biobehavioral markers of trait disinhibition, yet no study has specifically investigated these two components in violent, inpatient MDOs. Here, we examined self-reported trait disinhibition, experimentally assessed response inhibition, and NoGo N2 and P3 amplitude and latency in male, violent MDOs (N = 27) and healthy controls (N = 20). MDOs had a higher degree of trait disinhibition, reduced NoGo P3 amplitude, and delayed NoGo P3 latency compared to controls. The reduced NoGo P3 amplitude and delayed NoGo P3 latency in MDOs may stem from deficits during monitoring or evaluation of behavior. NoGo P3 latency was associated with increased trait disinhibition in the whole sample, suggesting that trait disinhibition may be associated with reduced neural efficiency during later stages of outcome monitoring or evaluation. Findings for NoGo N2 amplitude and latency were small and non-robust. With several limitations in mind, this is the first study to demonstrate attenuated NoGo P3 amplitude and delayed NoGo P3 latency in violent, inpatient MDOs compared to healthy controls.

scholarly journals Relationship between Resting-State Alpha Coherence and Cognitive Control in Individuals with Internet Gaming Disorder: A Multimodal Approach Based on Resting-State Electroencephalography and Event-Related Potentials

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1635
Author(s):  
Minkyung Park ◽  
So Young Yoo ◽  
Ji-Yoon Lee ◽  
Ja Wook Koo ◽  
Ung Gu Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Internet Gaming Disorder ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Gaming Disorder ◽  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
Internet Gaming ◽  
Related Potentials

The human brain is constantly active, even at rest. Alpha coherence is an electroencephalography (EEG) rhythm that regulates functional connectivity between different brain regions. However, the relationships between resting-state alpha coherence and N2/P3 components associated with response inhibition and cognitive processes have not been investigated in addictive disorders. The present study investigated the relationships between alpha coherence during the resting state and N2/P3 components of event-related potentials during the Go/Nogo task in healthy controls (HCs) and patients with Internet gaming disorder (IGD). A total of 64 young adults (HC: n = 31; IGD: n = 33) participated in this study. Alpha coherence values at left fronto-central and bilateral centro-temporal electrode sites were significantly correlated with P3 latency in HCs, whereas inverse correlations were observed in patients with IGD. Furthermore, significant differences were observed in the correlation values between the groups. Our results suggest that patients with IGD lack dynamic interactions of functional connectivity between the fronto-centro-temporal regions during the resting state and the event-related potential (ERP) index during cognitive tasks. The findings of this study may have important implications for understanding the neurophysiological mechanisms linking resting-state EEG and task-related ERPs underlying IGD.

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