scholarly journals Cytochrome P450 Metabolism of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Neurodegeneration

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3523
Author(s):  
Morteza Sarparast ◽  
Devon Dattmore ◽  
Jamie Alan ◽  
Kin Sing Stephen Lee
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
Omega 6

Due to the aging population in the world, neurodegenerative diseases have become a serious public health issue that greatly impacts patients’ quality of life and adds a huge economic burden. Even after decades of research, there is no effective curative treatment for neurodegenerative diseases. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have become an emerging dietary medical intervention for health maintenance and treatment of diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases. Recent research demonstrated that the oxidized metabolites, particularly the cytochrome P450 (CYP) metabolites, of PUFAs are beneficial to several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease; however, their mechanism(s) remains unclear. The endogenous levels of CYP metabolites are greatly affected by our diet, endogenous synthesis, and the downstream metabolism. While the activity of omega-3 (ω-3) CYP PUFA metabolites and omega-6 (ω-6) CYP PUFA metabolites largely overlap, the ω-3 CYP PUFA metabolites are more active in general. In this review, we will briefly summarize recent findings regarding the biosynthesis and metabolism of CYP PUFA metabolites. We will also discuss the potential mechanism(s) of CYP PUFA metabolites in neurodegeneration, which will ultimately improve our understanding of how PUFAs affect neurodegeneration and may identify potential drug targets for neurodegenerative diseases.

scholarly journals Imbalance between Omega-6 and Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Early Pregnancy Is Predictive of Postpartum Depression in a Belgian Cohort

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoge ◽  
Tabar ◽  
Donneau ◽  
Dardenne ◽  
Degée ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Omega 6

While studies revealed that the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) and their mediators would be able to regulate several biological processes involved into the development of postpartum depression (PPD), evidence from observational studies remains mixed. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between maternal erythrocyte n-3 PUFA, measured in early pregnancy, and the risk of PPD. A Belgian cohort of 72 healthy women was screened. Erythrocyte fatty acids were analysed using gas chromatography. PPD was assessed using the Bromley Postnatal Depression Scale by phone interview one year after delivery. We observed a significant negative association between docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels and the risk of postpartum depression in the adjusted model (p = 0.034). Higher n-6/n-3 and arachidonic acid (AA)/eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) ratios were significantly associated with an increased odds of PPD (p = 0.013 and p = 0.043, respectively). Women with an omega-3 index <5% had a 5-fold increased risk of depressive episode than did those with an omega-3 index ≥5% (OR 5.22 (95%CI 1.24–21.88)). A low n-3 PUFA status, alone and combined with high n-6 PUFA status, in early pregnancy was associated with a greater risk of PPD. Management of maternal n-3 PUFA deficiency can be a simple, safe and cost-effective strategy for the prevention of this major public health issue.

scholarly journals Circulating and Dietary Omega‐3 and Omega‐6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Incidence of CVD in the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia C. de Oliveira Otto ◽  
Jason H. Y. Wu ◽  
Ana Baylin ◽  
Dhananjay Vaidya ◽  
Stephen S. Rich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Ethnic Study ◽  
Omega 6

scholarly journals Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Impact on Health and Disease Status

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Samina Akbar ◽  
Muhammad Zeeshan Bhatti ◽  
Rida Fatima Saeed ◽  
Asma Saleem Qazi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Health And Disease

Over the last decades, the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been largely explored not only for their nutritional value but also for the numerous biological functions and therapeutic effects. The serum and erythrocyte levels of PUFAs depend on the genetic control of metabolism as well as the dietary intake and are considered to reflect the health and disease status of an individual. Two families of PUFAs, omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6), have gained much attention because of their involvement in the production of bioactive lipid mediators and therefore, a balanced omega-6/omega-3 ratio is crucial in maintaining the overall health of an individual. Omega-3 PUFAs, notably eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) have been shown to exert beneficial effects, possibly due to their lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive and cardioprotective effects, whereas omega-6 fatty acids such as arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4n-6) exhibit the opposite properties. Even though, numerous epidemiological studies and clinical interventions have clearly established the effectiveness of omega-3 PUFAs in various pathological conditions including dyslipidemia, obesity, diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, some controversies do exist about the beneficial effects of omega-3 PUFAs and need to be clarified. Larger clinical trials with extended follow-up periods are required along with a careful dose selection, in order to confirm the clinical significance and efficacy of omega-3 PUFAs as therapeutic agents.

scholarly journals Omega-3 Versus Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Prevention and Treatment of Inflammatory Skin Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anamaria Balić ◽  
Domagoj Vlašić ◽  
Kristina Žužul ◽  
Branka Marinović ◽  
Zrinka Bukvić Mokos
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Diseases ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Inflammatory Skin

Omega-3 (ω-3) and omega-6 (ω-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are nowadays desirable components of oils with special dietary and functional properties. Their therapeutic and health-promoting effects have already been established in various chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases through various mechanisms, including modifications in cell membrane lipid composition, gene expression, cellular metabolism, and signal transduction. The application of ω-3 and ω-6 PUFAs in most common skin diseases has been examined in numerous studies, but their results and conclusions were mostly opposing and inconclusive. It seems that combined ω-6, gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), and ω-3 long-chain PUFAs supplementation exhibits the highest potential in diminishing inflammatory processes, which could be beneficial for the management of inflammatory skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and acne. Due to significant population and individually-based genetic variations that impact PUFAs metabolism and associated metabolites, gene expression, and subsequent inflammatory responses, at this point, we could not recommend strict dietary and supplementation strategies for disease prevention and treatment that will be appropriate for all. Well-balanced nutrition and additional anti-inflammatory PUFA-based supplementation should be encouraged in a targeted manner for individuals in need to provide better management of skin diseases but, most importantly, to maintain and improve overall skin health.

scholarly journals Intake and metabolism of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids: nutritional implications for cardiometabolic diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 915-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias B Schulze ◽  
Anne Marie Minihane ◽  
Rasha Noureldin M Saleh ◽  
Ulf Risérus
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Cardiometabolic Diseases ◽  
Omega 6

scholarly journals 564 The behavior of omega 3 and omega 6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in Japanese psoriasis patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. S96
Author(s):  
E. Nishida ◽  
K. Ikumi ◽  
S. Muramatsu ◽  
A. Morita
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 6
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