scholarly journals Serum Phospholipids Fatty Acids and Breast Cancer Risk by Pathological Subtype

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3132
Author(s):  
Virginia Lope ◽  
Ángel Guerrero-Zotano ◽  
Ana Casas ◽  
José Manuel Baena-Cañada ◽  
Begoña Bermejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Pathological Subtype ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Serum Phospholipids

This study evaluates whether serum phospholipids fatty acids (PL-FAs) and markers of their endogenous metabolism are associated with breast cancer (BC) subtypes. EpiGEICAM is a Spanish multicenter matched case-control study. A lifestyle and food frequency questionnaire was completed by 1017 BC cases and healthy women pairs. Serum PL-FA percentages were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Conditional and multinomial logistic regression models were used to quantify the association of PL-FA tertiles with BC risk, overall and by pathological subtype (luminal, HER2+ and triple negative). Stratified analyses by body mass index and menopausal status were also performed. Serum PL-FAs were measured in 795 (78%) pairs. Women with high serum levels of stearic acid (odds ratio (OR)T3vsT1 = 0.44; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.30–0.66), linoleic acid (ORT3vsT1 = 0.66; 95% CI = 0.49–0.90) and arachidonic to dihomo-γ-linolenic acid ratio (OR T3vsT1 = 0.64; 95% CI = 0.48–0.84) presented lower BC risk. Participants with high concentrations of palmitoleic acid (ORT3vsT1 = 1.65; 95% CI = 1.20–2.26), trans-ruminant palmitelaidic acid (ORT3vsT1 = 1.51; 95% CI = 1.12–2.02), trans-industrial elaidic acid (ORT3vsT1 = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.14–2.03), and high oleic to stearic acid ratio (ORT3vsT1 = 2.04; 95% CI = 1.45–2.87) showed higher risk. These associations were similar in all BC pathological subtypes. Our results emphasize the importance of analyzing fatty acids individually, as well as the desaturase activity indices.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the polyunsaturated fatty acid content of the plasma lipids of sheep

1968 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Moore ◽  
R. C. Noble ◽  
W. Steele
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Cholesteryl Esters ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Plasma Triglycerides ◽  
Acid Ratio

1. In Expt 1, four adult wether sheep were given diets of hay or dried grass in an alternating sequence of feeding treatments. Each treatment period lasted for 20 days and blood samples were taken from the sheep on the last day of each period. When the diet of hay (linoleic: linolenic acid ratio 1.40) was replaced by one of dried grass (linoleic: linolenic acid ratio 0.28), there was an increase in the concentration of linolenic acid and a decrease in the concentration of linoleic acid in the plasma cholesteryl esters and phospholipids. There was an increase in the concentration of stearic acid and a decrease in the concentration of palmitic acid in the plasma triglycerides. Dietary change did not affect the composition of the plasma unesterified fatty acids.2. In Expt 2, two adult wether sheep, each with a rumen fistula, were given daily intraruminal infusions of 60 g of ‘linolenic’ or ‘linoleic’ acids (both about 70% pure) over a period of 5 days. The infusion treatments were then reversed. Blood samples were taken at the end of each infusion period. Intraruminal infusions of ‘linolenic’ acid increased the concentration of linolenic acid in the plasma cholesteryl esters and phospholipids and increased the concentration of stearic acid in the plasma triglycerides. The infusions of ‘linoleic’ acid increased the concentration of linoleic acid in the plasma cholesteryl esters and phospholipids. No appreciable changes were observed in the composition of the plasma unesterified fatty acids.

scholarly journals Plasma Phospholipid Fatty Acids and Breast Cancer Risk in Alberta's Tomorrow Project

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1461-1461
Author(s):  
Marnie Newell ◽  
Sunita Ghosh ◽  
Susan Goruk ◽  
Mohammedreza Pakseresht ◽  
Jennifer Vena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Plasma Phospholipid ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Total N ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Objectives It is estimated that lifestyle factors, such as dietary intake, contribute up to 21% of all breast cancer (BC) cases. High dietary intakes of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA) have been associated with a reduced incidence of BC. Dietary intake of n-3 LCPUFA typically correlate with blood fatty acid concentrations, but the relationship between blood fatty acid concentrations and BC risk has not yet been established. We hypothesized that higher plasma phospholipid (PL) content of n-3 LCPUFAs would be associated with a reduced risk of BC. Methods Plasma samples and relevant covariables were obtained from 614 age-matched women (203 with BC/411 control) from a nested case-control within Alberta's Tomorrow Project. PL fatty acid concentration and relative % composition were determined from baseline plasma samples (collected 9–16 years pre-BC diagnosis). Principal component analysis was employed to determine predictive models for fatty acid clusters. Conditional logistic regression models controlled for covariates were used to assess the relative risk of BC (odds ratio-OR) by fatty acid content. Sub-group analyses by menopausal status and BMI at baseline were also performed. Results When adjusted for BMI and menopausal status, individual fatty acids, including linoleic acid (OR = 1.75, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.08,2.84, P < 0.04) and arachidonic acid (OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.03,2.49, P < 0.04), were positively associated with BC risk. However, composite analysis of grouped fatty acids were found to be stronger indicators of risk – total PUFA (µg/mL; OR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.4,3.44, P < 0.001), total n-6 PUFA (OR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.32,3.36, P < 0.002), and total n-3 PUFA (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.06,2.32, P < 0.02), were independent predictors of BC risk. Conclusions In contrast to epidemiological dietary evidence, this study found an increased risk of BC with higher plasma concentrations of n-3 LCPUFA. However, the absolute n-3 concentration in this population was low, and therefore a second cohort is being assessed to validate these results. Overall, this study suggests that risk of BC cannot be predicted by isolated fatty acid blood concentrations, but that the balance of different fatty acids or the combination of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids may be a better predictor of BC. Funding Sources Funded by Women and Children's Health Research Institute.

scholarly journals Difference in fatty acids composition of breast adipose tissue in women with breast cancer and benign breast disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisiane Lopes Conceição ◽  
Mariana De Moura Dias ◽  
Milene Cristine Pessoa ◽  
Geórgia Das Graças Pena ◽  
Maria Carolina Santos Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Benign Breast Disease ◽  
Breast Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids Composition ◽  
Breast Adipose Tissue ◽  
Breast Adipose

Introduction: Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in the world, and the most frequent cancer among women. Moreover, there are factors that influence the risk for breast cancer including the age, genetic and endocrine factors, and lifestyle.Objectives: Evaluate the consumption of fatty acids; compare the fatty acids composition in the breast adipose tissue of women with breast cancer and benign breast disease as well as potential risk factors; and describe the genotypic frequency of the Pro12Ala PPARγpolymorphism.Material and Methods: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted including incident cases (n = 38 breast cancer; n = 75 benign breast disease; n = 166 control). Lifestyle features, socioeconomic issues, dietary intake, anthropometry, and blood and tissue data were assessed.Results: No differences were observed for fatty acids intake. Interestingly, lauric acid (P = 0.001), myristic acid (P = 0.036), stearic acid (P = 0.031), and total saturated fatty acids (SFAs) (P=0.048) had lower concentrations in BC than in BBD women, while palmitoleic acid (P = 0.022), erucic acid (P = 0.002), total monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) (P = 0.039) and oleic acid/stearic acid ratio (P = 0.015) increased. There was no significant association between PPARγ polymorphism and studied groups (P = 0.977). The age at first full pregnancy (P = 0.004) was significantly associated with the development BC, whereas BMI (P = 0.005); percentage of body fat (P = 0.024); physical activity (P = 0.036); and age at menarche (P = 0.008), at first full pregnancy (P < 0.001), and of first mammogram (P = 0.018) were significantly associated with the development of BBD.Conclusion: The results suggest a different fatty acids composition of breast adipose tissue, a biomarker of long-term dietary intake, particularly for SFAs, MUFA and 18: 1 n-9/18: 00 ratio. Our findings also show that are differences in the factors related to the development of BC and BBC.

scholarly journals High Serum Estradiol Reduces Acute Hepatotoxicity Risk Induced by Epirubicin Plus Cyclophosphamide Chemotherapy in Premenopausal Women with Breast Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunmin Huang ◽  
Maobai Liu ◽  
Fangmeng Fu ◽  
Hangmin Liu ◽  
Baochang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Premenopausal Patients ◽  
And Control

Aim: We evaluated whether acute drug-induced liver injury (DILI) caused by adjuvant chemotherapy with epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide for early breast cancer was associated with estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).Methods: Reproductive hormone test results of breast cancer patients were collected in the first chemotherapy cycle. E2, LH, and FSH levels were loge-transformed to normally distributed variables and were assessed using Student’s t-test to determine significant differences between the case and control groups. Hormone levels were classified according to the interquartile range and analyzed by logistic regression to determine their association with DILI caused by chemotherapy.Results: Among the 915 enrolled patients (DILI group: 204; control group: 711), menopausal status, along with serum E2, LH, and FSH levels, did not substantially differ between case and control groups. However, in the premenopause subgroup (n = 483), we found a significant difference in the E2 level between the case and control groups (p = 0.001). After adjusting for age and body mass index, premenopausal patients with 152–2,813 pg/mL E2 showed a lower risk of chemotherapy-induced DILI than patients with ≤20 pg/mL E2 (odds ratio: 0.394; 95% confidence interval: 0.207–0.748). The linear trend χ2 test revealed that E2 levels in premenopausal patients with breast cancer were inversely associated with the development of DILI.Conclusion: High serum E2 levels are associated with a reduced DILI risk in premenopausal patients with breast cancer undergoing epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide adjuvant chemotherapy.

Serum phospholipids fatty acids and breast cancer risk by pathological subtype: EpiGEICAM study.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13604-e13604
Author(s):  
Marina Pollan ◽  
Virginia Lope ◽  
Angel Guerrero-Zotano ◽  
Ana Casas ◽  
José Manuel Baena-Cañada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
History Of

e13604 Background: The role of fatty acids (FA) in breast cancer (BC) etiology is unclear. Most studies are based on self-reported dietary intake, without considering their internal transformation. This analysis tries to assess whether serum levels of 26 phospholipid FA (PL-FAs) and markers of their endogenous metabolism are associated with BC risk, both globally and by pathological BC subtype. Methods: EpiGEICAM-01 is a Spanish multicenter matched case-control study. BC cases and healthy women completed a lifestyle and a food frequency questionnaire, and serum samples were collected. Serum PL-FAs percentages were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Conditional and multinomial logistic regression models were used to quantify the association of PL-FAs tertiles with BC risk, overall and by pathologic BC subtypes [luminal, HER2+ and triple negative]. Models were adjusted for age and region (multinomial models), education level, body mass index (BMI), menopausal status, age at menarche and at first birth, hormone replacement therapy, alcohol consumption, last year physical activity, history of benign breast disease, family history of BC and caloric intake, and were corrected for multiple testing. Stratified analyses by BMI and menopausal status were also performed. Results: Questionnaires and serum samples were collected from 795 case-control pairs. Women with high serum levels of stearic acid [odds ratio (OR)T3vsT1= 0.44; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.30-0.66], linoleic acid (ORT3vsT1= 0.66; 95% CI = 0.49-0.90) and arachidonic to dihomo-γ-linolenic acids ratio (OR T3vsT1= 0.64 95%; CI = 0.48-0.84; differences were remarkable in overweight/obese women) presented lower BC risk. Participants with high concentrations of palmitoleic acid (ORT3vsT1= 1.65; 95% CI = 1.20-2.26), trans-ruminant palmitelaidic acid (ORT3vsT1= 1.51; 95% CI = 1.12-2.02; differences observed were noticeable both in postmenopausal and in overweight/obese women), trans-industrial elaidic acid (ORT3vsT1= 1.52; 95% CI = 1.14-2.03; markedly both in premenopausal and in non-obese women), and high oleic to stearic acids ratio (ORT3vsT1= 2.04; 95% CI = 1.45-2.87) showed higher risk. These associations were similar in all BC pathological subtypes. Conclusions: Our results, which should be confirmed in future studies, emphasize the importance of analyzing fatty acids individually, as well as the desaturase activity indices. A decrease in the dietary intake of trans-monounsaturated fatty acids could be a good strategy for BC prevention.

scholarly journals KARAKTERISASI ASAM LEMAK HASIL HIDROLISIS PADA MINYAK BIJI KELOR (Moringa oleifera) DENGAN METODE KROMATOGRAFI GAS-SPEKTROSKOPI MASSA

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
Yuszda K Salimi ◽  
Netty Ino Ischak ◽  
Yusni Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Arachidic Acid ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

This research aims at finding out characterization of a hydrolyzed fatty acid from moringa seeds oil (Moringa oleifera). Samples analyzed are dried and wet seeds which extracted through n-hexane to obtain oil. The extracted oil is analyzed for acid value and saponification value. Then, the hydrolysis of extracted oil with KOH solution and H2SO4 catalyst becomes free fatty acids, fatty acids analysis is then converted to be methyl ester using CH3OH solvent and H2SO4 as catalyst. This research uses gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis, fatty acids of dried moringa seeds were lauric acid, paltoleic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, and arachidic acid. Meanwhile, fatty acids of wet moringa seeds were paltoleic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, eicosanoid acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, and lignoceric acid. The highest component of methyl ester on both moringa seeds are methyl oleate with each presentation is 38,08% and 38,84%Keywords: Moringa seeds, Fatty acid, GC-MSPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakterisasi asam lemak hasil hidrolisis biji kelor (Moringa oleifera) dengan metode kromatografi gas-spektroskopi massa. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah biji kelor kering dan basah. Sampel biji kelor diekstraksi menggunakan n-heksan untuk memperoleh minyak. Ditentukan bilangan asam dan bilangan penyabunan. Menghidrolisis minyak hasil ekstraksi dengan larutan KOH dan katalis H2SO4 menjadi asam lemak bebas, analisis asam lemak kemudian dikonversi menjadi metil ester dengan menggunakan pelarut CH3OH dan H2SO4 sebagai katalis. Penelitian ini menggunakan Kromatografi Gas-Spektroskopi Massa untuk mengidentifikasi asam lemak dalam sampel. Dari analisa Kromatografi Gas-Spektroskopi Massa yang telah dilakukan, asam lemak minyak biji kelor kering yang dihasilkan adalah asam laurat, asam palmitoleat, asam palmitat, asam oleat, asam stearat, dan asam arakidat. Sedangkan untuk asam lemak minyak biji kelor basah yang dihasilkan adalah asam palmitoleat, asam palmitat, asam oleat, asam stearat, asam eikosenat, asam arakidat, asam behenat, dan asam lignoserat. Dimana komponen terbesar metil ester pada biji kelor kering dan biji kelor basah adalah metil oleat dengan persentasi masing-masing 38,08% dan 38,84%.Kata Kunci: Biji Kelor, Asam Lemak, KG-SM

Erythrocyte Membrane Stearic Acid : Oleic Acid Ratios in Colorectal Cancer Using Tube Capillary Column Gas Liquid Chromatography

1990 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
J P Neoptolemos ◽  
B S Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
No Value ◽  
Colorectal Adenomas ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Recurrent Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Hospitalised Patients

Erythrocyte fatty acids were measured in 32 patients with colorectal cancer (four with recurrent disease), four patients with large colorectal adenomas, and 42 hospitalised patients without cancer. No significant differences were found with respect to any of the fatty acids between these groups. In particular there was no difference between the erythrocyte stearic acid : oleic acid ratios (mean ± SD) between the cancer cases (1·07 ± 0·31) and the control cases (1·09 ± 0·31, 2-tailed Mann-Whitney U test). No difference in this ratio was observed with respect to age or sex and in the case of colorectal cancer, to the Dukes' stage, degree of tumour differentiation, or recurrence. A significant correlation was found between stearic acid concentrations in plasma and erythrocytes from fasting invididuals ( r = 0·477, n = 24, P < 0·05). This study provides further evidence that the erythrocyte stearic acid : oleic acid ratio is of no value for diagnosing primary or recurrent colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals Dietary intake of trans fatty acids and breast cancer risk in 9 European countries

BMC Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michèle Matta ◽  
Inge Huybrechts ◽  
Carine Biessy ◽  
Corinne Casagrande ◽  
Sahar Yammine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Elaidic Acid ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Palmitelaidic Acid

Abstract Background Trans fatty acids (TFAs) have been hypothesised to influence breast cancer risk. However, relatively few prospective studies have examined this relationship, and well-powered analyses according to hormone receptor-defined molecular subtypes, menopausal status, and body size have rarely been conducted. Methods In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), we investigated the associations between dietary intakes of TFAs (industrial trans fatty acids [ITFAs] and ruminant trans fatty acids [RTFAs]) and breast cancer risk among 318,607 women. Multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for other breast cancer risk factors. Results After a median follow-up of 8.1 years, 13,241 breast cancer cases occurred. In the multivariable-adjusted model, higher total ITFA intake was associated with elevated breast cancer risk (HR for highest vs lowest quintile, 1.14, 95% CI 1.06–1.23; P trend = 0.001). A similar positive association was found between intake of elaidic acid, the predominant ITFA, and breast cancer risk (HR for highest vs lowest quintile, 1.14, 95% CI 1.06–1.23; P trend = 0.001). Intake of total RTFAs was also associated with higher breast cancer risk (HR for highest vs lowest quintile, 1.09, 95% CI 1.01–1.17; P trend = 0.015). For individual RTFAs, we found positive associations with breast cancer risk for dietary intakes of two strongly correlated fatty acids (Spearman correlation r = 0.77), conjugated linoleic acid (HR for highest vs lowest quintile, 1.11, 95% CI 1.03–1.20; P trend = 0.001) and palmitelaidic acid (HR for highest vs lowest quintile, 1.08, 95% CI 1.01–1.16; P trend = 0.028). Similar associations were found for total ITFAs and RTFAs with breast cancer risk according to menopausal status, body mass index, and breast cancer subtypes. Conclusions These results support the hypothesis that higher dietary intakes of ITFAs, in particular elaidic acid, are associated with elevated breast cancer risk. Due to the high correlation between conjugated linoleic acid and palmitelaidic acid, we were unable to disentangle the positive associations found for these fatty acids with breast cancer risk. Further mechanistic studies are needed to identify biological pathways that may underlie these associations.

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