scholarly journals Effect of Omega-3 Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (n-3 LCPUFA) Supplementation on Cognition in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Literature Review with a Focus on n-3 LCPUFA Blood Values and Dose of DHA and EPA

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3115
Author(s):  
Inge S.M. van der Wurff ◽  
Barbara J. Meyer ◽  
Renate H.M. de Groot
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Trial Participants ◽  
Long Chain

Omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA) supplementation in the cardiovascular field is effective if a certain Omega-3 index (O3I) is achieved or the daily n-3 LCPUFA dose is high enough. Whether this applies to studies on cognition in children and adolescents is unclear. The aims of the current review were to investigate whether: (1) a certain O3I level and (2) a minimum daily n-3 LCPUFA dose are required to improve cognition in 4–25 year olds. Web of Science and PubMed were searched. Inclusion criteria: placebo controlled randomized controlled trial; participants 4–25 years; supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and/or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA); assessing cognition; in English and ≥10 participants per treatment arm. Thirty-three studies were included, 21 in typically developing participants, 12 in those with a disorder. A positive effect on cognitive measures was more likely in studies with an increase in O3I to >6%. Half of the studies in typically developing children with daily supplementation dose ≥450 mg DHA + EPA showed improved cognition. For children with a disorder no cut-off value was found. In conclusion, daily supplementation of ≥450 mg DHA + EPA per day and an increase in the O3I to >6% makes it more likely to show efficacy on cognition in children and adolescents.

Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Blood of Children and Adolescents with Juvenile Bipolar Disorder

Lipids ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 1031-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward H. Clayton ◽  
Tanya L. Hanstock ◽  
Stephen J. Hirneth ◽  
Colin J. Kable ◽  
Manohar L. Garg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Long Chain

Long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the treatment of psychiatric illnesses in children and adolescents

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward H. Clayton ◽  
Tanya L. Hanstock ◽  
Manohar L. Garg ◽  
Philip L. Hazell
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Bipolar Depression ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Long Chain

Objective:Long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn-3PUFA) are in increasing use in the general population to treat health problems. The objective of the current article is to review the evidence for the rationale and benefit of LCn-3PUFA in the treatment of common psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents.Methods:A search of Psychlit, PubMed and Cochrane Databases was conducted using the terms child, adolescent, bipolar, depression, psychosis, first-episode psychosis, schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism, psychiatric, omega-3, n-3, docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid. Further studies were identified from the bibliographies of published reviews.Results:One small randomized controlled trial with LCn-3PUFA supplementation in depression in children found a small beneficial effect over placebo. Four placebo-controlled trials showed uncertain benefit of LCn-3PUFA for ADHD. Single placebo-controlled trials showed no benefit in autism or bipolar disorder. There is an absence of studies examining benefit for first-episode psychosis or schizophrenia in children and adolescents.Conclusions:While children and adolescents are receiving LCn-3PUFA for a range of psychiatric indications, there is only evidence of likely benefit for unipolar depression.

scholarly journals The effect of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on aggressive behaviour in adult male prisoners: a structured study protocol for a multi-centre, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial and translation into policy and practice

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara J. Meyer ◽  
Mitchell K. Byrne ◽  
Colin H. Cortie ◽  
Natalie Parletta ◽  
Alison Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Male Prisoners ◽  
Long Chain

Abstract Background Interventions to better manage aggressive behaviour and reduce recidivism are a primary concern for corrective services. Nutritional interventions to correct prisoner behaviour have been largely overlooked in the literature. Emerging evidence suggests that dietary intake influences aggressive behaviours and that nutritional supplementation with omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA) could attenuate both the severity and frequency of aggressive behaviour. Methods Adult male prisoners who have a history of aggressive behaviour (n = 600) will be recruited from at least 6 Correctional Centres and randomised to receive either n-3 LCPUFA or placebo supplementation for a 16-week duration. Treatment will be with either 1 g/day of n-3 LCPUFA (694 mg DHA and 397 mg EPA) or placebo capsules, which are a corn/soy oil blend and are identical in size and colour. The primary outcome measure is the Inmate Behavioural Observation Scale (IBOS): an objective measure of aggressive behaviour. Secondary outcome measures include questionnaires (including aggression, attention deficit disorder, impulsivity, depression/anxiety/stress scales), engagement in programmes, recidivism and quality of life. Baseline and post-intervention assessments include the IBOS, questionnaires and blood to measure the levels of n-3 LCPUFA. Discussion To conclusively test the potential that increasing n-3 LCPUFA intakes can improve rates of prisoner aggression and associated mental health and violence-related social system management costs, we propose an adequately powered multi-centre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial, examining the effects of n-3 LCPUFA supplementation on aggressive behaviour in adult male prisoners. If successful, this study will inform prisoner policy with respect to nutrition and by inference contribute to a broader community approach to preventative mental health practices. Trial registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ANZCTR) ACTRN12618001665224. Registered on 10 October 2018.

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