scholarly journals Appropriation of the Front-of-Pack Nutrition Label Nutri-Score across the French Population: Evolution of Awareness, Support, and Purchasing Behaviors between 2018 and 2019

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2887
Author(s):  
Barthélemy Sarda ◽  
Chantal Julia ◽  
Anne-Juliette Serry ◽  
Pauline Ducrot
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Socioeconomic Groups ◽  
Quality Diet ◽  
Awareness Support ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Since the implementation of the Nutri-Score on a voluntary basis in 2017 in France, very few studies have evaluated how the label was recognized and used by consumers. The goal of this study was to assess the evolution of awareness, support, and perceived impact on purchasing behaviors of the Nutri-Score in France. Between April 2018 and May 2019, a total of 4006 participants were recruited across three successive waves and answered questions regarding awareness of the Nutri-Score, support of the measure, and change of behavior following the implementation of the Nutri-Score via an online survey. Descriptive analyses to assess the evolution over time were performed, as well as logistic regression models to evaluate associations between the different outcomes and individual characteristics. From April 2018 to May 2019, the awareness of the Nutri-Score increased considerably, reaching 81.5% in May 2019. Since April 2018, a steady proportion of participants—9 out of 10—showed strong support toward the measure and a similar proportion, 87.2%, declared being in favor of making the Nutri-Score mandatory. The impact on purchasing behaviors appeared promising given the limited implementation of the label, with 42.9% of the participants reporting they modified their purchasing behaviors thanks to the measure. Multivariate analyses showed that the impact on purchasing behaviors of the Nutri-Score was greater over time, on younger populations and on frequent labeling readers. Our results suggested that the labeling system was well received and used by all socioeconomic groups, including subgroups who are more likely to have a lower-quality diet.

Relationship Satisfaction, Conflict and Psychological Distress: The Impact of Combat Deployment to Afghanistan on the Romantic Partners of Australian Army Personnel

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Turner ◽  
Danuta Chessor
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Combat Deployment ◽  
The Impact

Coping with psychological suffering after combat deployment has been identified across a diverse range of wars and countries as having the potential to negatively influence the long-term wellbeing of female partners of veterans. The aim of the study was to explore whether romantic partners of veterans (N = 97) suffered higher levels of psychological distress and destructive relationship conflict, lower relationship satisfaction and perceived social support when compared to female Australians in the civilian population (N = 87). Australian participants completed an anonymous online survey, and overall means were calculated for each group and compared using independent samples t tests. Results from the study indicated strong support for all research hypotheses in the expected directions. Research findings suggest that Australian females romantically involved with Afghanistan War veterans are more vulnerable to experiencing relationship dysfunction and are at an increased risk of impaired psychological health in the Australian population.

Could a New Mode Alternative Modify Psycho-Attitudinal Factors and Travel Behavior?

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (9) ◽  
pp. 94-106
Author(s):  
Eleonora Sottile ◽  
Francesco Piras ◽  
Italo Meloni
Keyword(s):  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Choice Models ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Light Rail ◽  
Attitudinal Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

There is ample consensus that, besides objective characteristics, psycho-attitudinal factors play a key role in influencing people’s mode choice. Hybrid choice models use these theoretical frameworks so as to include latent constructs for capturing the impact of subjective factors on mode choice. But recent work in transportation research raised the question about the ability of hybrid choice models to derive policy implications that aim to change travel behavior, given the focus on cross-sectional data. To address this problem we designed a survey for collecting longitudinal data (socio-economic and psycho-attitudinal) to evaluate, on the one hand, the long-term effects on travel mode choice of the implementation of a new light rail line in the metropolitan area of Cagliari (Italy), on the other to detect any changes in the psycho-attitudinal factors and socio-economic characteristics after implementation of those measures. In particular, the objective of the study is to analyze whether these changes in individual characteristics are able to affect mode choice from a modeling perspective, through the specification and estimation of hybrid models. Our results show that latent variables were not significantly different over waves, showing that the impact of the psychological construct remained stable over time, even after the introduction of the new light rail. Additionally, we found some evidence that the variables that explain the latent variables could change over time.

scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 on people ageing with an intellectual disability in Ireland: Protocol for a follow-up survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Mary McCarron ◽  
Andrew Allen ◽  
Darren McCausland ◽  
Margaret Haigh ◽  
Retha Luus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
Healthcare Provision ◽  
Proxy Respondent ◽  
Initial Survey ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background:  The COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdowns have had a dramatic impact on many people, but individuals with an intellectual disability, given the prevalence of congregate living and high levels of co-morbid conditions, may be particularly vulnerable at this time. A prior initial survey of participants of the Intellectual Disability Supplement to the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (IDS-TILDA) found that, despite a majority of participants being tested, only a small proportion had tested positive for COVID-19. Furthermore, despite some reporting positive aspects to the lockdown, a similar proportion were experiencing stress or anxiety during the pandemic. The pandemic and lockdowns have continued, and it is possible that experiences and consequences have changed over time. Aim: To explore over time and in greater depth the impact of COVID-19 and associated lockdowns and to further establish rates of infection, rates of vaccination and participants’ experiences. Methods: A structured questionnaire for people with intellectual disability participating in the IDS-TILDA longitudinal study, to be administered by telephone/video in summer 2021. Where participants are unable to respond independently, a proxy respondent will be invited to either assist the participant or answer questions on their behalf. This questionnaire will include questions from the first COVID-19 questionnaire, with extra questions assessing “long COVID” (i.e. COVID-19 lasting for 12 weeks or longer), infection control behaviours, changes in mental health, social contacts and loneliness, frailty, healthcare, and incidence of vaccination. Impact: The results of this survey will be used to inform healthcare provision for people with intellectual disability during the latter stages of the lockdown and into the future.

scholarly journals Psychological impact of Covid-19 lockdown in India: Different strokes for different folks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupam Joya Sharma ◽  
Malavika A. Subramanyam
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Sexual Minorities ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
History Of ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Study ◽  
Physical Access ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe psychological impact of the lockdown due to the Covid-19 pandemic are widely documented. In India, a family-centric society with a high population density and extreme social stratification, the impact of the lockdown might vary across diverse social groups. However, the patterning in the psychological impact of the lockdown among sexual minorities and persons known to be at higher risk of contracting Covid-19 is not known in the Indian context. We used mixed methods (online survey, n=282 and in-depth interviews, n=14) to investigate whether the psychological impact of the lockdown was different across these groups of Indian adults. We fitted linear and logistic regression models adjusted for sociodemographic covariates. Thematic analysis helped us identify emergent themes in our qualitative narratives. Anxiety was found to be higher among sexual minorities (β=2.44, CI: 0.58, 4.31), high-risk group (β=2.20, CI:0.36, 4.05), and those with history of depression/loneliness (β=3.89, CI:2.34, 5.44). Addiction to pornography was also found to be higher among sexual minorities (β=2.72, CI: 0.09, 5.36). Qualitative findings suggested that sexual minorities likely used pornography and masturbation to cope with the lockdown, given the limited physical access to sexual partners in a society that stigmatizes homosexuality. Moreover, both qualitative and quantitative study findings suggested that greater frequency of calling family members during lockdown could strengthen social relationships and increase social empathy. The study thereby urgently calls for the attention of policymakers to take sensitive and inclusive health decisions for the marginalized and the vulnerable, both during and after the crisis.

POS1261 DISEASE ACTIVITY AND PAIN LEVELS ARE NOT INFLUENCED BY THE CURRENT COVID19 PANDEMIC IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATIC DISEASES IN GERMANY – DATA FROM THE GERMAN COVID-19 PATIENT SURVEY

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 915.1-915
Author(s):  
R. Hasseli ◽  
U. Müller-Ladner ◽  
T. Schmeiser ◽  
H. M. Lorenz ◽  
A. Krause ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Connective Tissue Diseases ◽  
Patient Survey ◽  
Psychosocial Burden ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Background:The current pandemic constitutes an entirely new situation for patients as well as physicians. The insecurity of the early phase, shutdowns, increasing infection rate and appearing SARS-CoV2 mutations have created a situation that makes live difficult especially for chronic diseases i.e. patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMD) and their treating physicians. The psychosocial burden that is created by this special situation is completely unknown and is estimated to be higher in patients than in the general population.Objectives:In order to measure the impact on our patients, the German COVID19-Rheuma patient survey was set up in April 2020, during Germany’s first shut down.Methods:The German COVID19-Rheuma patient survey is a patient reported longitudinal online survey where patients with RMD who registered between April and July 2020 are asked on a monthly base using an online survey on social, personal, medical factors, whether a COVID19 infection occurred, isolation measures were changed and scores regarding stress and anxiety are recorded. Between April and July 2020, 637 patients registered and completed a first survey. Up to January 2021, about 400 patients are still enrolled.Here we present an interim analysis of the first 6 months regarding patients that were enrolled in April and May during the first shut-down. This first analysis compares the situation in the first lockdown to July, a phase with very low infection numbers in Germany, and to November, the beginning of the second lockdown.Results:150 patients (87% female) were enrolled in April/early May 2020. Mean age was 48 years (range 11-89). The majority of patients suffered from rheumatoid arthritis (51%), followed by psoriatic arthritis (17%), other spondyloarthropathies (10%) and connective tissue diseases (10%).The majority of patients received antirheumatic therapies: 32% glucocorticoids (GC), 31% cDMARDs, 21% TNF inhibitors, 7% Jak inhibitors, and 9% other biologicals. Of the patients treated with GC, 25% were on GC monotherapy.In the first lockdown, 26% of patients were working remotely and 24% were self-isolating (doubles included). Additionally, 48% were using masks that were not mandatory at that time and 41% were using disinfection in a regular manner. The rates for remote work and self-isolation did not change significantly over time while the mask use increased to 98% with the official obligation to do so. The use of disinfectants increased to 88% in November.Regarding disease activity, no change in patient global assessment could be observed over time (4.3 ± 2.5 vs. 4.0 ±2.6 and 4.0 ± 2.5). Self-reported pain was also stable over time as were sleep disturbances. While 48.2% of patients who were receiving physiotherapy paused in April, only 10 and 14% did so in July and November, respectively. 11% of the patients paused their medication in the first lockdown, whereas only 2.75% did so in July and 3.4% in November. Contact with the treating rheumatologist was maintained over time in the majority of cases.Conclusion:While in the beginning of the pandemic the insecurity was considerable and the concern that the fear for infection would lead to inadequately treated patients with RMDs, we here show for the first time that on the one hand our patients were timely in taking adequate measures to keep themselves safe (e.g. self-isolating, mask use) and adapted to the clinical situation in not pausing their medication. Altogether, in this alert cohort, the pandemic did not lead to an increase of patient-reported disease activity in the first six months.Acknowledgements:Thanks goes to all patients who participated in the study.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Personal experience, posttraumatic symptomatology, and meaning in life during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Y. Arredondo ◽  
B. Caparrós
Keyword(s):  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Personal Meaning ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Subjective Distress ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Posttraumatic Symptomatology

Abstract Background The traumatic subjective distress and personal meaning in life were examined in the context of the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic sanitary crisis and home lockdown. Method: A total of 543 participants answered an online survey that included questions about the individual characteristics of the pandemic experience, the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, and the Personal Meaning Profile-Brief. Results: Nearly all of life impaired areas, having the suspicion of being ill with COVID-19, having lost a close person to this virus, and having been accompanied during the lockdown were experiences associated with higher PTSD symptoms. Posttraumatic symptomatology was inversely correlated with areas of meaning in life. Lastly, a higher number of affected areas and a negative subjective lockdown circumstance explained greater total PTSD symptoms. Conclusion: Specific pandemic experiences and lockdown circumstances affected the presence of posttraumatic symptoms. The personal meaning of life seems to be involved in the process of less adverse traumatic consequences.

scholarly journals Social contexts and the occurrence of episodic heavy drinking

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Piontek ◽  
Ludwig Kraus ◽  
Fred Rist
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Drinking Motives ◽  
Situational Influences ◽  
Context Variables ◽  
The Impact

Piontek, D., Kraus, L., & Rist F. (2013). Social contexts and the occurrence of episodic heavy drinking. International Journal of Alcohol and Drug Research, 2(2), 45-52. doi: 10.7895/ijadr.v2i2.106 (http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v2i2.106)Aims: This study aims to investigate the influence of social context variables on Episodic Heavy Drinking (EHD) among young adults. It will assess (a) whether EHD is predicted by characteristics of the specific drinking situation and drinking motives, and (b) whether the influence of drinking motives is moderated by public versus private drinking.Design/Setting: Data were collected by means of an online survey conducted at the University of Münster (Germany) in December 2008.Participants: The analytical sample consisted of 1,638 students.Instruments: Information was collected on socio-demographics, habitual drinking behavior (beverage-specific quantity and frequency within the past 30 days, EHD, drunkenness), and drinking motives (Drinking Motive Questionnaire Revised, DMQ-R). Moreover, participants described a recent drinking situation (beverage-specific quantity, drunkenness) as well as the social context related to this situation (time, place, people present, other substances used). Multivariate regression analyses were used to test the influence of context variables and their interaction with drinking motives.Findings: Drinking at a birthday or special party, during the weekend, or in a group where many people were drunk and playing drinking games increased the risk of EHD. Social and enhancement motives were associated with a higher risk for EHD, whereas conformity motives had a protective effect on heavy drinking. The effect of conformity motives was only present in public drinking situations.Conclusions: Drinking in young people is a social phenomenon related to situational influences as well as individual characteristics. In addition, there seems to be situational moderation of the impact of specific drinking motives.

scholarly journals Student perceptions and reported use of video recorded lectures in engineering courses

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Steele ◽  
Cheryl Schramm
Keyword(s):  
Student Perceptions ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Circuit Analysis ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Survey Tool ◽  
Video Lecture ◽  
Second Year ◽  
The Impact

Between 2008 and 2010 an introductory circuit analysis course for second year engineering students had its lectures recorded (2008 was audio only, other years were by video) and the recordings were made available to registered students as a supplemental resource. Attendance to lectures was still required. In 2011 an introductory programming course was recorded in a similar way. In each of these offerings the students were anonymously surveyed at the end of the course using an online survey tool with most questions using a five point Likert category scale. The survey looked at the perceived usefulness of the recordings, the approach to watching and the impact on attendance. The responses showed strong support to having video lecture capture and the reported use of the videos was to watch selected material. There was a difference between the courses on the impact on attendance, with the circuit analysis course indicated little impact on attendance, whereas the responses from the other course indicates more missed lectures due to the availability of recordings.

scholarly journals Sex differences in multimorbidity and polypharmacy trends: A repeated cross-sectional study of older adults in Ontario, Canada

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250567
Author(s):  
Colleen J. Maxwell ◽  
Luke Mondor ◽  
Anna J. Pefoyo Koné ◽  
David B. Hogan ◽  
Walter P. Wodchis
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Administrative Databases ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Absolute Increase ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Background Multimorbidity is increasing among older adults, but the impact of these recent trends on the extent and complexity of polypharmacy and possible variation by sex remains unknown. We examined sex differences in multimorbidity, polypharmacy (5+ medications) and hyper-polypharmacy (10+ medications) in 2003 vs 2016, and the interactive associations between age, multimorbidity level, and time on polypharmacy measures. Methods and findings We employed a repeated cross-sectional study design with linked health administrative databases for all persons aged ≥66 years eligible for health insurance in Ontario, Canada at the two index dates. Descriptive analyses and multivariable logistic regression models were conducted; models included interaction terms between age, multimorbidity level, and time period to estimate polypharmacy and hyper-polypharmacy probabilities, risk differences and risk ratios for 2016 vs 2003. Multimorbidity, polypharmacy and hyper-polypharmacy increased significantly over the 13 years. At both index dates prevalence estimates for all three were higher in women, but a greater absolute increase in polypharmacy over time was observed in men (6.6% [from 55.7% to 62.3%] vs 0.9% [64.2%-65.1%] for women) though absolute increases in multimorbidity were similar for men and women (6.9% [72.5%-79.4%] vs 6.2% [75.9%-82.1%], respectively). Model findings showed that polypharmacy decreased over time among women aged < 90 years (especially for younger ages and those with fewer conditions), whereas it increased among men at all ages and multimorbidity levels (with larger absolute increases typically at older ages and among those with 4 or fewer conditions). Conclusions There are sex and age differences in the impact of increasing chronic disease burden on changes in measures of multiple medication use among older adults. Though the drivers and health consequences of these trends warrant further investigation, the findings support the heterogeneity and complexity in the evolving association between multimorbidity and polypharmacy measures in older populations.

Developmental and Life-Course Theories of Crime

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara Renae McGee ◽  
David P. Farrington
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Life Course Criminology ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Developmental and life-course theories of crime are collectively characterized by their goal of explaining the onset, persistence, and desistance of offending behavior over the life-course. Researchers working within this framework are interested not just in offending but also in the broader category of antisocial behavior. Their research aims to investigate the development of offending and antisocial behavior throughout life; risk and protective factors that predict this development; the effects of life events; and the intergenerational transmission of offending and antisocial behavior. While there have been a number of developmental and life-course theories of crime, the more influential and empirically tested ones include Sampson and Laub’s age-graded informal social control theory and Moffitt’s typological model of life-course-persistent and adolescence-limited offending. While developmental and life-course criminology has come to be viewed a single type or grouping of criminology, there are distinctions between the more sociological life-course perspectives and the more psychological developmental perspectives. These are a result of the disciplinary training of the individuals working in the field and are reflected in the types of variables examined and the theoretical explanations developed and applied to explain the relationships. The broader life-course perspective focuses on the examination of human lives over time, with an understanding that “changing lives alter developmental trajectories,” according to Glen Elder in his 1998 work. Life-course approaches to studying human development are not unique to criminology and are represented within many disciplines, such as medicine and epidemiology. There are four central themes of the life-course paradigm: the interplay of human lives and historical times; the timing of lives; linked or interdependent lives; and human agency in making choices. Therefore the life-course perspective within criminology focuses on the examination of criminal behavior within these contexts. Given its sociological origins, life-course theoretical explanations tend to focus more on social processes and structures and their impact on crime. Developmental perspectives within criminology tend to be more psychological in nature, and its theoretical explanations tend to focus more on individual characteristics and the impact of familial processes on the individual. Both of these perspectives require longitudinal data, that is, data collected over time for each individual. Collectively, developmental and life-course criminology allow for the examination of: within-individual changes over time; the impact of critical life events; the importance of the social environment; and pathways, transitions and turning points.

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