scholarly journals Methylglyoxal Decoration of Glutenin during Heat Processing Could Alleviate the Resulting Allergic Reaction in Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2844
Author(s):  
Yaya Wang ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Sihao Wu ◽  
Lu Dong ◽  
Yaozhong Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Allergic Reaction ◽  
Heat Processing ◽  
Gut Microflora ◽  
Maillard Reactions ◽  
Cytokine Analysis ◽  
Th2 Immune Response ◽  
Treg Differentiation ◽  
Lower Immune Response ◽  
Stimulation Of

Background: It is widely believed that Maillard reactions could affect the sensitization of allergens. However, the mechanism of action of methylglyoxal (MGO) production in Maillard reactions in the sensitization variation of glutenin (a predominant allergen in wheat) during heat processing is still unclear. Methods: This research evaluated the effect of MGO on the immune response against glutenin in a mouse model. The resulting variations in conformation and corresponding digestibility of glutenin were determined. The immune response and gut microflora variation in mice were analyzed following administering of glutenin and MGO-glutenin. Results: The results of the study showed that MGO-glutenin induced a lower immune response than native glutenin. Cytokine analysis showed that MGO-glutenin regulated mouse immune response by inducing Treg differentiation. MGO decoration changed the structure and digestibility of glutenin. In addition, MGO-glutenin contributes to the maintenance of the beneficial gut microflora. Conclusion: MGO decoration of glutenin during heat processing could alleviate the resulting allergic reaction in mice. Decoration with MGO appears to contribute to the aggregation of glutenin, potentially masking surface epitopes and abating sensitization. Furthermore, Bacteroides induced regulatory T-cell (Treg) differentiation, which may contribute to inhibition of the Th2 immune response and stimulation of immune tolerance.

scholarly journals Intranasal Coadministration of Live Lactococci Producing Interleukin-12 and a Major Cow's Milk Allergen Inhibits Allergic Reaction in Mice

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naima G. Cortes-Perez ◽  
Sandrine Ah-Leung ◽  
Luis G. Bermúdez-Humarán ◽  
Gérard Corthier ◽  
Jean-Michel Wal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Allergic Reaction ◽  
Allergic Sensitization ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Th2 Immune Response ◽  
Th1 Immune Response

ABSTRACT The Th1/Th2 balance deregulation toward a Th2 immune response plays a central role in allergy. We previously demonstrated that administration of recombinant Lactococcus lactis strains expressing bovine β-lactoglobulin (BLG), a major cow's milk allergen, partially prevents mice from sensitization. In the present study, we aimed to improve this preventive effect by coadministration of L. lactis BLG and a second recombinant L. lactis strain producing biologically active interleukin-12 (IL-12). This L. lactis strain producing IL-12 was previously used to enhance the Th1 immune response in a tumoral murine model (L. G. Bermúdez-Humarán et al., J. Immunol. 175:7297-7302, 2005). A comparison of the administration of either BLG alone or BLG in the presence of IL-12 was conducted. A BLG-specific primary Th1 immune response was observed only after intranasal coadministration of both L. lactis BLG and IL-12-producing L. lactis, as demonstrated by the induction of serum-specific immunoglobulin G2a (IgG2a) concomitant with gamma interferon secretion by splenocytes, confirming the adjuvanticity of IL-12-producing L. lactis. Immunized mice were further sensitized by intraperitoneal administration of purified BLG, and the allergic reaction was elicited by intranasal challenge with purified BLG. Mice pretreated with BLG in either the presence or the absence of IL-12 were rendered completely tolerant to further allergic sensitization and elicitation. Pretreatment with either L. lactis BLG or L. lactis BLG and IL-12-producing L. lactis induces specific anti-BLG IgG2a production in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. Although specific serum IgE was not affected by these pretreatments, the levels of eosinophilia and IL-5 secretion in BAL fluid were significantly reduced after BLG challenge in the groups pretreated with L. lactis BLG and L. lactis BLG-IL-12-producing L. lactis, demonstrating a decreased allergic reaction. Our data demonstrate for the first time (i) the induction of a protective Th1 response by the association of L. lactis BLG and IL-12-producing L. lactis which inhibits the elicitation of the allergic reaction to BLG in mice and (ii) the efficiency of intranasal administration of BLG for the induction of tolerance.

scholarly journals Effect of Gamapren on the production of regulatory cytokines in mice following experimental Flavivirus infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Александр Санин ◽  
Aleksandr Sanin ◽  
Александр Наровлянский ◽  
Aleksandr Narovlyanskiy ◽  
Александр Пронин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Th2 Immune Response ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Stimulation Of

Phosphorylated polyprenols-based medicines are known to inhibit the reproduction of viruses in vitro, as well as exert therapeutic effect in experimental viral infections and viral diseases of pets. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of Gamapren (GP), the active ingredient of which are phosphorylated polyprenols isolated from mulberry leaves, on the production of key regulatory cytokines (CT) ― interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) in experimental infection caused by tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), Absettarov strain, in mice. The levels of CT production in the serum of mice was determined by ELISA using commercial sets of firms «Genzyme» and «BioSource» (USA) according to the instructions for use. Infection of mice with TBEV led to the development of acute lethal infection. In the control life expectancy was 8.4 days. Under the action of GP, which was administered 3 and 2 days before infection of mice TBEV, life expectancy increased to 10.9 days, and in the case when GP was administered 3 days before and simultaneously with TBEV, life expectancy increased to 12.5 days. In TBEV-infected mice an increase in serum levels of IFN-γ was recorded on day 4 and 7. On the contrary, GP stimulated the production of IFN-γ at 48 hours. When GP was inoculated simultaneously with TBEV, the level of IFN-γ in blood serum increased on the 3rd and 7th day. When studying the content of IL-10 and IL-12 in the serum of mice, it was shown that in intact mice GP stimulated the content of IL-12 at all stages of the experiment, except for 4 and 10 days. The level of IL-10 did not change throughout the experience, not exceeding the control. To the contrary, in TBEV-infected mice stimulation of IL-12 production was revealed att the 5th (in the second half of the incubation period), 9-th and 10-th day (the period of TBE clinical signs) after infection. The level of IL-10 was increased by 1-st (12.6-fold), 7th and 8th day after infection, tick-borne encephalitis virus (5.6 and 7.2-fold, respectively). In mice simultaneously inoculated with GP and TBEV, the most significant stimulation of IL-12 production was observed at 4th, 5th, 9th and 10th days. IL-10 production was found only at day 3 following GP and TBEV inoculation. At all other stages of the study, IL-10 levels did not exceed the benchmark. Thus, GP inoculated to the TBEV-infected mice stimulates the early production of IFN-γ and IL-12, which may act as one of the key mechanisms of GP antiviral activity. Viruses have the ability to disrupt the balanced development of Th1/Th 2 immune response needed to form an effective antiviral immunity, and GP stimulating the production of key cytokines providing a balanced formation of Th1 and Th2 immune response is able to restore this necessary balance. This property of GP in combination with direct antiviral action, apparently, also provides protection against a virus infection.

HIV-1 Accessory Proteins: Which one is Potentially Effective in Diagnosis and Vaccine Development?

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Milani ◽  
Kazem Baesi ◽  
Elnaz Agi ◽  
Ghazal Marouf ◽  
Maryam Ahmadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Vaccine Antigen ◽  
Accessory Proteins ◽  
Serological Method ◽  
Th2 Immune Response ◽  
Untreated Individuals ◽  
Immunogenic Properties ◽  
Hiv 1

Background:: The combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) could increase the number of circulating naive CD4 T lymphocytes, but was not able to eradicate human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection. Objective:: Thus, induction of strong immune responses is important for control of HIV-1 infection. Furthermore, a simple and perfect serological method is required to detect virus in untreated-, treated- and drug resistant- HIV-1 infected individuals. Methods:: This study was conducted to assess and compare immunogenic properties of Nef, Vif, Vpr and Vpu accessory proteins as an antigen candidate in mice and their diagnostic importance in human as a biomarker. Results:: Our data showed that in mice, all heterologous prime/ boost regimens were more potent than homologous prime/ boost regimens in eliciting Th1 response and Granzyme B secretion as CTL activity. Moreover, the Nef, Vpu and Vif proteins could significantly increase Th1 immune response. In contrast, the Vpr protein could considerably induce Th2 immune response. On the other hand, among four accessory proteins, HIV-1 Vpu could significantly detect treated group from untreated group as a possible biomarker in human. Conclusion:: Generally, among accessory proteins, Nef, Vpu and Vif antigens were potentially more suitable vaccine antigen candidates than Vpr antigen. Human antibodies against all these proteins were higher in HIV-1 different groups than healthy group. Among them, Vpu was known as a potent antigen in diagnosis of treated from untreated individuals. The potency of accessory proteins as an antigen candidate in an animal model and a human cohort study are underway.

Emerging Promise of Immunotherapy for Alzheimer’s Disease: A New Hope for the Development of Alzheimer’s Vaccine

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 1214-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Tanvir Kabir ◽  
Md. Sahab Uddin ◽  
Bijo Mathew ◽  
Pankoj Kumar Das ◽  
Asma Perveen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Aβ Oligomers ◽  
Th2 Immune Response ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder and the characteristics of this devastating disorder include the progressive and disabling deficits in the cognitive functions including reasoning, attention, judgment, comprehension, memory, and language. Objective: In this article, we have focused on the recent progress that has been achieved in the development of an effective AD vaccine. Summary: Currently, available treatment options of AD are limited to deliver short-term symptomatic relief only. A number of strategies targeting amyloid-beta (Aβ) have been developed in order to treat or prevent AD. In order to exert an effective immune response, an AD vaccine should contain adjuvants that can induce an effective anti-inflammatory T helper 2 (Th2) immune response. AD vaccines should also possess the immunogens which have the capacity to stimulate a protective immune response against various cytotoxic Aβ conformers. The induction of an effective vaccine’s immune response would necessitate the parallel delivery of immunogen to dendritic cells (DCs) and their priming to stimulate a Th2-polarized response. The aforesaid immune response is likely to mediate the generation of neutralizing antibodies against the neurotoxic Aβ oligomers (AβOs) and also anti-inflammatory cytokines, thus preventing the AD-related inflammation. Conclusion: Since there is an age-related decline in the immune functions, therefore vaccines are more likely to prevent AD instead of providing treatment. AD vaccines might be an effective and convenient approach to avoid the treatment-related huge expense.

Aggregate content influences the Th1/Th2 immune response to influenza vaccine: Evidence from a mouse model

2003 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn Babiuk ◽  
Danuta M. Skowronski ◽  
Gaston De Serres ◽  
Kent HayGlass ◽  
Robert C. Brunham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Aggregate Content ◽  
Th2 Immune Response

Balanced Th1/Th2 immune response induced by MSP1a functional motif coupled to multiwalled carbon nanotubes as anti-anaplasmosis vaccine in murine model

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 102137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia Santos Pimentel ◽  
Carolina Alvarenga Turini ◽  
Paula Souza Santos ◽  
Mariana Abilio de Morais ◽  
Aline Gomes Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Functional Motif ◽  
Th2 Immune Response
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