scholarly journals Effects of Different n6/n3 PUFAs Dietary Ratio on Cardiac Diabetic Neuropathy

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjan Urlić ◽  
Ivanka Urlić ◽  
Hrvoje Urlić ◽  
Tomislav Mašek ◽  
Benjamin Benzon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Initial Phase ◽  
Myocardial Function ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Rat Myocardium ◽  
Cardiac Innervation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Detection And Quantification

We studied the influence of experimentally induced DM1, in combination with different dietary n6:n3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratios on different types of nerve fibers in rat myocardium, in order to reveal whether protective/unfavorable effects of different PUFAs on myocardial function in diabetic patients could be a (partial) repercussion of their effect on the changes in cardiac innervation. The control group (c) and diabetic group (stz) were fed with an n6/n3 ratio of ≈7; the diet of the stz+n6 group had an n6/n3 ratio ≈60, while the diet for the stz+DHA group contained 2.5% of fish oil (containing 16% eicosapentaenoic acid—EPA and 19% docosahexaenoic acid—DHA), n6/n3 ratio of ≈1. DM1 was induced by i.p. injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg) and rats were euthanized 30 days after induction. Immunohistochemistry was used for the detection and quantification of different types of neuronal fibers in the cardiac septum. We found changes in cardiac innervations characteristics for the initial phase of experimental DM1, which manifested as an increase in total number and area density of all neuronal fibers, measured by Pgp9.5 immunoreactivity. By detailed analysis, we found that this increase consisted mostly of heavy myelinated NF200 immunoreactive fibers and TH immunoreactive sympathetic fibers, while the density of ChAT immunoreactive parasympathetic fibers decreased. In the deep (middle) part of the myocardium, where rare fibers (of all studied types) were found, significant differences were not found. Surprisingly, we found a more consistent protective effect of n6 PUFAs, in comparison to n3 PUFAs supplementation. These results may provide a better understanding of the potential impacts of different PUFA ratios in the diet of diabetic patients on cardiac innervation and genesis and outcome of diabetic autonomic cardiomyopathy.

Selective Loss of Calretinin-Poor Cochlear Afferent Nerve Fibers in Streptozotocin-Induced Hyperglycemic Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 5515-5519
Author(s):  
Kwon Woo Kang ◽  
Rudra Pangeni ◽  
JinWoo Park ◽  
Jaekwang Lee ◽  
Eunyoung Yi
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Afferent Nerve ◽  
Spiral Ganglion Neuron ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Afferent Neurons ◽  
Afferent Fibers ◽  
Afferent Nerve Fibers

Hearing loss is one of the major complications of diabetes mellitus and significantly lowers the quality of life of diabetic patients. In studies using diabetic animal models hearing loss have been frequently associated with damages to cochlear afferent fibers. Recent studies suggested that cochlear afferent neurons are composed of heterogeneous populations and a subgroup of neurons equipped with low level of calretinin might be more vulnerable to various noxious stimuli such as noise and neurotoxins. Here, we tested if cochlear afferent neurons deficient in the Ca2+-buffering protein calretinin are more vulnerable to hyperglycemic insults. Streptozotocin-induced (50 mg/kg, i.p.) hyperglycemic mice (>250 mg/dl) were tested. The expression patterns of calretinin in peripheral processes and the cell bodies of cochlear afferent nerve fibers were examined using immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. The proportion of calretinin-poor cochlear afferent fibers was much lower in hyperglycemic mice compared to the normoglycemic control group. (30.0 vs. 55.5% in the peripheral process; 15.7 vs. 24.4 % in spiral ganglion neuron). The results suggest that calretinin-poor cochlear nerve fibers may be selectively lost after the hyperglycemic insults. The finding also supports a calretinin’s neuroprotective role against diabetic neuropathy in cochlear afferent neurons.

Neurokinin system activity of nasal cavity mucosa in rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
D. G. Pavlush ◽  
◽  
E. A. Gilifanov ◽  
A. I. Tyutyun’kova ◽  
V. N. Olikyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Nasal Polyps ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Elements ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Human Material ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltrates

A study of changes in the activity of elements of the neurokinin system in the tissues of the mucous membrane of the nose in patients with rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps was carried out. The object of the study was human material, polyps of the nasal cavity, and areas of the mucous membrane of the inferior turbinates. The material was obtained from female and male patients aged 30 to 75 years, a total of 70 people (50 patients in the study group and 20 patients in the control group). To solve this problem, we used immunohistochemistry to study the localization and distribution of SP (Substance undecaPeptide) and NK1 (neurokinin1)-positive elements in polyps and mucous membranes of the nose. It was found that the formation of polyposis changes in the nasal cavity is accompanied by morpho-chemical changes in the areas of the mucosa of the inferior turbinates. Analyzing the activity of SP in the nasal mucosa in control patients and patients with polyps of different types, an increase in the number of SP-positive nerve fibers and positive cellular elements of inflammatory infiltrates in the tissues of mucous membrane with an allergic type of polyp is noted. The features of the specific signaling microenvironment in the nasal cavity, providing special conditions for the formation of various types of polyposis changes, have been revealed. The specificity of the activity and distribution of markers of the inflammatory process in the tissues of polyps of different morphological types may serve as a prerequisite for the development of methods for treating this pathology.

scholarly journals Clinical and laboratory markers of early diagnosis of diabetic polyneuropathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Karakulova ◽  
D. Yu. Sosnin ◽  
T. A. Filimonova ◽  
I. V. Nekrasova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Nerve Conduction ◽  
Diabetic Polyneuropathy ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
Pain Status ◽  
Serum Bdnf

Objective. To study the content of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tropomyosin receptor of type B kinase (TrkB) in patients at an early stage of diabetic polyneuropathy. Late diagnosis of diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) is largely due to the presence of a subclinical stage, at which damage to the nervous system develops in the absence of complaints from the patient. Materials and methods. 64 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 11 persons of the control group were examined with an assessment of the pain status and the degree of peripheral neuropathy using PainDetect, TSS, NSS, NDS scales. Disturbance of nerve conduction along the nerves of the lower extremities was studied using electroneuromyography (ENMG). The study of the quantitative content of BDNF and TrkB in the serum was carried out with enzyme immunoassay. Results. The increased serum concentrations of BDNF (p = 0.001) and TrkB (p = 0.007) were found with the development of clinically evident DPN as compared to patients without DPN. In patients with diabetes mellitus with subclinical DPN, there was established a statistically significant increase in serum BDNF expression (2.97 [2.44; 3.37] ng/ml in comparison with the values both in the control group (p = 0.022) and in diabetic patients without DPN (p = 0.017). The mean TrkB level in this group was 4.29 [3.48; 5.62] ng/ml, that is also higher than the corresponding values for patients without DPN (p = 0.032) and the control group (p = 0.025). The serum BDNF level correlates with the duration of diabetes mellitus (R = 0.524; p = 0.02), the intensity of neuropathic pain (R = 0.402; p = 0.001), the degree of axonal damage according to ENMG data (R = -0.242; p = 0.03). Correlations between the serum TrkB content and the severity of diabetes mellitus course (R = 0.482; p = 0.01), pain intensity (R = 0.383; p = 0.001), and impaired nerve conduction (R = 0.359; p = 0.003) were found. Conclusions. The elevated expression and increased serum concentrations of BDNF and TrkB occur at the initial stage of the damage of peripheral nerve fibers and correlate with the degree of compensation for carbohydrate metabolism, the duration of diabetes and the severity of neural conduction disorders. The data obtained allow us to consider the increased serum levels of BDNF and TrkB as the markers of subclinical stage of diabetic polyneuropathy.

Platelet Aggregation in Diabetes Mellitus and the Effect of Insulin in Vivo on Aggregation

1972 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 114-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A Hassanein ◽  
Th. A El-Garf ◽  
Z El-Baz
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Fasting State ◽  
Clotting Time ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Platelet Disaggregation ◽  
Aggregation And Disaggregation

SummaryADP-induced platelet aggregation and calcium-induced platelet aggregation tests were studied in 14 diabetic patients in the fasting state and half an hour after an intravenous injection of 0.1 unit insulin/kg body weight. Platelet disaggregation was significantly diminished as compared to a normal control group, and their results were negatively correlated with the corresponding serum cholesterol levels. Insulin caused significant diminution in the ADP-induced platelet aggregation as a result of rapid onset of aggregation and disaggregation. There was also a significant increase in platelet disaggregation. In the calcium-induced platelet aggregation test, there was a significant shortening of the aggregation time, its duration, and the clotting time. The optical density fall due to platelet aggregation showed a significant increase. Insulin may have a role in correcting platelet disaggregation possibly through improvement in the intracellular enzymatic activity.

ESTIMATION OF SERUM FERRITIN LEVELS IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS AND ITS RELATION WITH HbA1C LEVEL.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shah Namrata Vinubhai ◽  
Pardeep Agarwal ◽  
Bushra Fiza ◽  
Ramkishan Jat
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Positive Correlation

Background: Serum ferritin is known as an index for body iron stores also as an inflammatory marker and it is influenced by several disease. We were looking for a correlation between HbA1c and S. Ferritin in type 2 DM. Methodology: The present study a total of 150 participants were enrolled of which 100 were confirmed cases of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and rest 50 age and sex matched healthy subjects constituted the control group. All were screened for HbA1c, Fasting blood sugar, Post prandial blood sugar and S.Ferritin. Results: A highly significant variation and positive correlation was observed with respect to S.Ferritin and HbA1c levels. Mean S.Ferritin was high in the subgroup with poor glycemic control. Conclusion: The fasting, post prandial sugar levels, HbA1c and S.Ferritin were significantly higher in the diabetic subjects. This study shows a positive correlation between HbA1c and S. Ferritin levels. So we can conclude that in diabetic patients S. Ferritin may serve as an independent marker of poor glycemic and metabolic control. Keywords: Serum ferritin, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, HbA1c.

Relationship between uric acid and creatinine in pre-diabetic and diabetic patients: Vidarbha region of Maharashtra

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 3412-3417
Author(s):  
Ranjit S. Ambad ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Jha ◽  
Lata Kanyal Butola ◽  
Nandkishor Bankar ◽  
Brij Raj Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Develop Type ◽  
Low Levels

Prediabetes is a glucose homeostasis condition characterized by decreased absorption to glucose or reduced fasting glucose. Both of these are reversible stages of intermediate hyperglycaemia providing an increased type II DM risk. Pre-diabetes can therefore be viewed as a significant reversible stage which could lead to type II DM, and early detection of prediabetes may contribute to type II DM prevention. Prediabetes patients are at high risk for potential type II diabetes, and 70 percent of them appear to develop Type II diabetes within 10 years. The present study includes total 200 subjects that include 100 Prediabetic patients, 50 T2DM patients and 50 healthy individual. Blood samples were collected from the subjects were obtained for FBS, PPBS, Uric acid and Creatinine estimation, from OPD and General Medicine Wards. Present study showed low levels of Serum Uric Acid in prediabetic and T2DM patients were decreased as compared to control group, while the level of creatinine in prediabetic and diabetic were elevated as compared to control group, were not statically significant. Serum Uric Acid was high in control group and low in prediabetic and diabetic patients. Serum creatinine was declined in control group and increased in prediabetic and diabetic patients with increasing Fasting blood glucose level.

A new cestode, Neoskrjabinolepis gvosdevi (Cyclophyllidea: Hymenolepididae) from the shrew Sorex tundrensis Merriam, 1900, in Kazakhstan

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
S.A. Kornienko ◽  
V.D. Gulyaev ◽  
N.T. Erzhanov
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Basal Part ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Different Types

A cestode, Neoskrjabinolepis (Neoskrjabinolepidoides) gvosdevi sp. nov., is described from the tundra shrew Sorex tundrensis Merriam, 1900 in Kazakhstan. The new species has ten rostellar hooks, 0.40-0.43 mm long, with claw-liked blade with crooked middle part. It can be distinguished from other species in the subgenus by the cylindrical cirrus short, 0.45-0.50 mm long, and armed with different types of spines; the basal part covered with numerous small, rosethornshaped spines, and the middle and distal parts armed with fine, needle-shaped spines.

Proteomic Analysis of the Vitreous Body in Proliferative and Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Van-An Duong ◽  
Jeeyun Ahn ◽  
Na-Young Han ◽  
Jong-Moon Park ◽  
Jeong-Hun Mok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Vitreous Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
New Treatment

Background: Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), one of the major microvascular complications commonly occurring in diabetic patients, can be classified into Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR) and Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR). Currently available therapies are only targeted for later stages of the disease in which some pathologic changes may be irreversible. Thus, there is a need to develop new treatment options for earlier stages of DR through revealing pathological mechanisms of PDR and NPDR. Objective: The purpose of this study was to characterize proteomes of diabetic through quantitative analysis of PDR and NPDR. Methods: Vitreous body was collected from three groups: control (non-diabetes mellitus), NPDR, and PDR. Vitreous proteins were digested to peptide mixtures and analyzed using LC-MS/MS. MaxQuant was used to search against the database and statistical analyses were performed using Perseus. Gene ontology analysis, related-disease identification, and protein-protein interaction were performed using the differential expressed proteins. Results: Twenty proteins were identified as critical in PDR and NPDR. The NPDR group showed different expressions of kininogen-1, serotransferrin, ribonuclease pancreatic, osteopontin, keratin type II cytoskeletal 2 epidermal, and transthyretin. Also, prothrombin, signal transducer and activator of transcription 4, hemoglobin subunit alpha, beta, and delta were particularly up-regulated proteins for PDR group. The up-regulated proteins related to complement and coagulation cascades. Statherin was down-regulated in PDR and NPDR compared with the control group. Transthyretin was the unique protein that increased its abundance in NPDR compared with the PDR and control group. Conclusion: This study confirmed the different expressions of some proteins in PDR and NPDR. Additionally, we revealed uniquely expressed proteins of PDR and NPDR, which would be differential biomarkers: prothrombin, alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein, hemoglobin subunit alpha, beta, and transthyretin.

Effectiveness of mobile applications on healthy lifestyles aimed at diabetic patients: review of systematic reviews. (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Jesús Represas Carrera Sr ◽  
Ángel Alfredo Martínez Ques Sr ◽  
Ana Clavería Fontán Sr
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Healthy Lifestyles ◽  
Major Public Health Problem

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is currently a major public health problem worldwide. It is traditionally approached in a clinical inpatient relationship between the patient and the healthcare professional. However, the rise of new technologies, particularly mobile applications, is revolutionizing the traditional healthcare model through the introduction of telehealthcare. OBJECTIVE (1) To assess the effects of mobile applications for improving healthy lifestyles on the quality of life and metabolic control of diabetes mellitus in adult patients. (2) To describe the characteristics of the mobile applications used, identify the healthy lifestyles they target, and describe any adverse effects their use may have. METHODS Review of systematic reviews and meta-analysis, following the guidelines of the Cochrane Collaboration and the Joanna Briggs Institute. We included studies that used any mobile application aimed at helping patients improve self-management of diabetes mellitus by focusing on healthy lifestyles. Studies needed to include a control group receiving regular care without the use of mobile devices. In May 2018, a search was conducted in Medline, Embase, Cochrane, LILACS, PsychINFO, Cinahl and Science Direct, updated in May 2019. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Amstar-2 tool. RESULTS Seven systematic reviews of 798 articles were initially selected for analysis. The interventions had a duration of between 1 and 12 months. Mobile applications focused singly or simultaneously on different lifestyles aspects (diet, physical exercise, motivation, blood glucose levels, etc.). There are significant changes in HbA1c values, body weight and BMI, although in others, such as lipid profile, quality of life, or blood pressure, there is no clear improvement. CONCLUSIONS There is clear evidence that the use of mobile applications improves glycemic control in diabetic patients in the short term. There is a lack of evidence in its long-term benefits. It is thus necessary to carry out further studies to learn about the long-term effectiveness of mobile applications aimed at promoting the healthy lifestyles of diabetic patients. CLINICALTRIAL PROSPERO Register: CRD42019133685

scholarly journals The Effects of Silver-Releasing Foam Dressings on Diabetic Foot Ulcer Healing

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1495
Author(s):  
Yu-Chi Wang ◽  
Hsiao-Chen Lee ◽  
Chien-Lin Chen ◽  
Ming-Chun Kuo ◽  
Savitha Ramachandran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Healing Rate ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Wound Management ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
High Morbidity

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a serious complication in diabetic patients and lead to high morbidity and mortality. Numerous dressings have been developed to facilitate wound healing of DFUs. This study investigated the wound healing efficacy of silver-releasing foam dressings versus silver-containing cream in managing outpatients with DFUs. Sixty patients with Wagner Grade 1 to 2 DFUs were recruited. The treatment group received silver-releasing foam dressing (Biatain® Ag Non-Adhesive Foam dressing; Coloplast, Humlebaek, Denmark). The control group received 1% silver sulfadiazine (SSD) cream. The ulcer area in the silver foam group was significantly reduced compared with that in the SSD group after four weeks of treatment (silver foam group: 76.43 ± 7.41%, SSD group: 27.00 ± 4.95%, p < 0.001). The weekly wound healing rate in the silver foam group was superior to the SSD group during the first three weeks of treatment (p < 0.05). The silver-releasing foam dressing is more effective than SSD in promoting wound healing of DFUs. The effect is more pronounced in the initial three weeks of the treatment. Thus, silver-releasing foam could be an effective wound dressing for DFUs, mainly in the early period of wound management.

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