scholarly journals A Review of Recent Findings on Meal Sequence: An Attractive Dietary Approach to Prevention and Management of Type 2 Diabetes

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sodai Kubota ◽  
Yanyan Liu ◽  
Katsumi Iizuka ◽  
Hitoshi Kuwata ◽  
Yutaka Seino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Glucose Excursion ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake ◽  
Metabolic Conditions ◽  
Postprandial Glucose Excursion ◽  
Diabetes And Obesity

While adjustment of total energy and nutritional balance is critically important, meal sequence, a relatively simple method of correcting postprandial hyperglycemia, is becoming established as a practical dietary approach for prevention and management of diabetes and obesity. Meal sequence, i.e., consumption of protein and/or fat before carbohydrate, promotes secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) from the gut and ameliorates secretions of insulin and glucagon and delays gastric emptying, thereby improving postprandial glucose excursion. GLP-1 is known to suppress appetite by acting on the hypothalamus via the afferent vagus nerve. Thus, enhancement of GLP-1 secretion by meal sequence is expected to reduce body weight. Importantly, consumption of a diet rich in saturated fatty acids such as meat dishes before carbohydrate increases secretions of not only GLP-1 but also glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which promotes energy storage in adipose tissue and may lead to weight gain in the long term. Dietary fiber intake before carbohydrate intake significantly reduces postprandial glucose elevation and may have a weight loss effect, but this dietary strategy does not enhance the secretion of GLP-1. Thus, it is suggested that their combination may have additive effects on postprandial glucose excursion and body weight. Indeed, results of some clinical research supports the idea that ingesting dietary fiber together with meal sequence of protein and/or fat before carbohydrate benefits metabolic conditions of individuals with diabetes and obesity.

scholarly journals Breakfast Cereals Intended for Children: Opportunities for Reformulation and Potential Impact on Nutrient Intake

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1772
Author(s):  
Mariana Santos ◽  
Filipa Matias ◽  
Ana Isabel Rito ◽  
Isabel Castanheira ◽  
Duarte Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Regional Office ◽  
Nutrient Profile ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
The Impact

Ready-to-eat cereals (RTECs) have become a popular breakfast option claiming to provide important nutrients to children’s diets, despite being a source of excess sugar and, therefore, a health concern. Thus, food reformulation constitutes an important public health strategy that could benefit from inputs provided by nutrient profiling. This study aimed to assess the adequacy of the RTECs for children available in Portuguese supermarkets, applying three nutrient profile models (NPMs)—the nutrient profile model of the World Health Organization’s Regional Office for Europe (WHO-EURO), the profile of the private-sector EU Pledge (EU-Pledge), and the national model developed by the Directorate-General of Health (NPM-PT)—in order to explore the potential for reformulation of the RTECs identified as not adequate and evaluate the impact of RTECs’ reformulation on the nutritional quality of Portuguese children’s diets. In total, 78 RTECs intended for children were assessed and two scenarios—current (not considering reformulation) and alternative (considering reformulation to accomplish the nutrient profile requirements)—were considered to assess the impact of reformulation on nutritional quality. Across all RTECs, only 5.1% could be promoted to children according to the considered NPMs. The most common nutrients requiring reformulation were sugar, saturated fatty acids (SFA), salt, and dietary fiber. The scenarios of reformulation considered could reduce the RTECs average content of total sugars, SFA, and salt by 43%, 8.7%, and 1.1%, respectively, and dietary fiber intake could be increased by 34%. Thus, these results support policies to implement reformulation strategies for developing healthier food products to be promoted to children.

scholarly journals Effect of Glutamate on Postprandial Glucose Excursion and Gastric Emptying of a Lipid-Containing Liquid Meal in Healthy Humans

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
pp. S-868
Author(s):  
Hiroko Hosaka ◽  
Motoyasu Kusano ◽  
Hiroaki Zai ◽  
Shiko Kuribayashi ◽  
Atsuto Nagoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Glucose Excursion ◽  
Liquid Meal ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Postprandial Glucose Excursion

scholarly journals Postmeal exercise blunts postprandial glucose excursions in people on metformin monotherapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 444-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa L. Erickson ◽  
Jonathan P. Little ◽  
Jennifer L. Gay ◽  
Kevin K. McCully ◽  
Nathan T. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Time Window ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Glucose Excursion ◽  
Metformin Monotherapy ◽  
Physiological Outcomes ◽  
Postprandial Glucose Excursion

Metformin is used clinically to reduce fasting glucose with minimal effects on postprandial glucose. Postmeal exercise reduces postprandial glucose and may offer additional glucose-lowering benefit beyond that of metformin alone, yet controversy exists surrounding exercise and metformin interactions. It is currently unknown how postmeal exercise and metformin monotherapy in combination will affect postprandial glucose. Thus, we examined the independent and combined effects of postmeal exercise and metformin monotherapy on postprandial glucose. A randomized crossover design was used to assess the influence of postmeal exercise on postprandial glucose excursions in 10 people treated with metformin monotherapy (57 ± 10 yr, HbA1C = 6.3 ± 0.6%). Each participant completed the following four conditions: sedentary and postmeal exercise (5 × 10-min bouts of treadmill walking at 60% V̇o2max) with metformin and sedentary and postmeal exercise without metformin. Peak postprandial glucose within a 2-h time window and 2-h total area under the curve was assessed after a standardized breakfast meal, using continuous glucose monitoring. Postmeal exercise significantly blunted 2-h peak ( P = 0.001) and 2-h area under the curve ( P = 0.006), with the lowest peak postprandial glucose excursion observed with postmeal exercise and metformin combined ( P < 0.05 vs. all other conditions: metformin/sedentary: 12 ± 3.4, metformin/exercise: 9.7 ± 2.3, washout/sedentary: 13.3 ± 3.2, washout/exercise: 11.1 ± 3.4 mmol/l). Postmeal exercise and metformin in combination resulted in the lowest peak postprandial glucose excursion compared with either treatment modality alone. Exercise timed to the postprandial phase may be important for optimizing glucose control during metformin monotherapy. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The interactive effects of metformin and exercise on key physiological outcomes remain an area of controversy. Findings from this study show that the combination of metformin monotherapy and moderate-intensity postmeal exercise led to beneficial reductions in postprandial glucose excursions. Postmeal exercise may be a useful strategy for the management of postprandial glucose in people on metformin.

scholarly journals Effect of quercetin on postprandial glucose excursion after mono- and disaccharides challenge in normal and diabetic rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 82-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Abdulrahman Hussain ◽  
Zheen Aorahman Ahmed ◽  
Taha Othman Mahwi ◽  
Tavga Ahmed Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Glucose Excursion ◽  
Postprandial Glucose Excursion
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