scholarly journals Cholesterol and Inflammation in Atherosclerosis: An Immune-Metabolic Hypothesis

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2444
Author(s):  
Didac Mauricio ◽  
Esmeralda Castelblanco ◽  
Nuria Alonso
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Hypothesis

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide [...]

scholarly journals Detection of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in the Cardiology and Nephrology Communities

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafia I. Chaudhry ◽  
Roy O. Mathew ◽  
Mandeep S. Sidhu ◽  
Preety Sidhu-Adler ◽  
Radmila Lyubarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Transplant Evaluation

Background: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) with a glomerular filtration rate of < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 body surface area. The availability of high-quality randomized controlled trial data to guide management for the population with CKD and ASCVD is limited. Understanding current practice patterns among providers caring for individuals with CKD and CVD is important in guiding future trial questions. Methods: A qualitative survey study was performed. An electronic survey regarding the diagnosis and management of CVD in patients with CKD was conducted using a convenience sample of 450 practicing nephrology and cardiology providers. The survey was administered using Qualtrics® (https://www.qualtrics.com). Results: There were a total of 113 responses, 81 of which were complete responses. More than 90% of the respondents acknowledged the importance of CVD as a cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with CKD. Outside the kidney transplant evaluation setting, 5% of the respondents would screen an asymptomatic patient with advanced CKD for ASCVD. Outside the kidney transplant evaluation scenario, the respondents did not opt for invasive management strategies in advanced CKD. Conclusions: The survey results reveal a lack of consensus among providers caring for patients with advanced CKD about the management of ASCVD in this setting. Future randomized controlled trials will be needed to better inform the clinical management of ASCVD in these patients. The limitations of the study include its small sample size and the relatively low response rate among the respondents.

scholarly journals Statins for Renal Patients: A Fiddler on the Roof?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anabela Malho Guedes ◽  
Pedro Leão Neves
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Progression Of Renal Disease

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in chronic kidney disease patients. There is a raft of evidence showing that in the general population dyslipidaemia is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, as well as with a greater prevalence of chronic kidney disease. Consequently, the use of statins in the general population with dyslipidaemia is not controversial. Nevertheless, the benefits of statins in patients with chronic kidney disease are more elusive. The authors review the possible effects of statins on the progression of renal disease and cardiovascular events in chronic kidney disease patients.

scholarly journals Management of Patient Care in Hemodialysis While Focusing on Cardiovascular Disease Events and the Atypical Role of Hyper- and/or Hypotension: A Systematic Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amjad Khan ◽  
Amer Hayat Khan ◽  
Azreen Syazril Adnan ◽  
Syed Azhar Syed Sulaiman ◽  
Siew Hua Gan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Myocardial Dysfunction ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

Background. Hemodialysis related hemodynamic instability is a major but an underestimated issue. Moreover, cardiovascular events are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality associated with blood pressure in hemodialysis patients. However, there have been many controversies regarding the role and management of hyper- and/or hypotension during hemodialysis that needs to be addressed.Objective. To critically review the available published data on the atypical role of hyper- and/or hypotension in cardiovascular associated morbidity and mortality in patients on hemodialysis and to understand the discrepancies in this context.Methods. A comprehensive search of literature employing electronic as well as manual sources and screening 2783 papers published between Jan 1980 and Oct 2015 was conducted to collect, identify, and analyze relevant information through peer-reviewed research articles, systematic reviews, and other published works. The cardiovascular events, including accelerated atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), stroke, heart failure, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia, and stress induced myocardial dysfunction, leading to death were considered relevant.Results. A total of 23 published articles met the inclusion criteria and were included for in-depth review and analysis to finalize a comprehensive systematic review article. All the studies showed a significant association between the blood pressure and cardiovascular disease events in hemodialysis patients.Conclusions. Both intradialytic hypertension/hypotension episodes are major risk factors for cardiovascular mortality with a high percentage of probable causality; however, clinicians are faced with a dilemma on how to evaluate blood pressure and treat this condition.

Abstract P262: Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Hispanic United States Veterans

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuk-Lam Ho ◽  
David R Gagnon ◽  
Yojin Park ◽  
Ashley Galloway ◽  
Kelly Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cox Models ◽  
Ascvd Risk ◽  
Statin Use

Background: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) incidence is greater in Hispanic population. Traditional 2013 Pooled Cohort Equation (PCE) models tend to over-predict risks among Veterans by two-fold. Assessment of ASCVD risk with statin therapy has not been extensively investigated in Hispanic Veterans. Objective: We compared 5-year ASCVD incidence of White Hispanic vs White Non-Hispanic Veterans, 18-79 years at baseline in a cohort during 2002-2014. Methods: Ethnicity was determined from census and electronic health data where a Veteran’s last name has a 0.76 positive predictive value for Hispanic ethnicity. We used sex and ethnicity specific Cox models to predict 5-year ASCVD morbidity and mortality. The analyses included PCE variables (age, cholesterol, HDL-C, systolic pressure, blood pressure treatment, smoking, diabetes) plus statin use. Results: A total of 1,383,993 Veterans were in our study with 69,055 (4.9%) females and 81,773 (5.9%) Hispanics. Mean age, cholesterol and HDL-C levels were similar for Hispanics and Non-Hispanics. Smoking, BP therapy, and statin use were less common in Hispanics. Over 5 years of follow-up, 3.9% of Hispanic and 4% of Non-Hispanics developed ASCVD, and 1.3% of Hispanics and 2% of Non-Hispanics experienced ASCVD death. Discrimination of ASCVD events was improved by retraining prediction models using traditional ASCVD risk factors and statin use, with the following concordance statistics: Male Hispanic (0.73), Male Non-Hispanic (0.66), Female Hispanic (0.80), Female Non-Hispanic (0.79). Statin use was associated with a 17% lower ASCVD risk in Hispanics of both sexes and 9% lower ASCVD risk for Non-Hispanics of both sexes. Conclusions and Relevance: Traditional variables plus statin use are efficient predictors of ASCVD morbidity and mortality in a contemporary cohort of Hispanic U.S. Veterans. Baseline statin use was associated with lower risk of ASCVD events in Hispanics compared to Non-Hispanics.

Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Cardiometabolic Diseases and Related Complications

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (13) ◽  
pp. 1480-1500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sho-ichi Yamagishi ◽  
Takanori Matsui
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiometabolic Diseases ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disorders

Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a glycoprotein that belongs to the superfamily of serine protease inhibitors, serpins. It was first identified as a neuronal differentiating factor secreted by human retinal pigment epithelial cells, and then found to be the most potent inhibitor of pathological angiogenesis in mammalian eyes. Recently, PEDF has been shown not only to suppress oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions in vascular wall cells, T cells and macrophages, and adipocytes, but also to exert antithrombotic and anti-fibrotic properties, thereby protecting against the development and progression of various cardiometabolic diseases and related complications. Furthermore, accumulating evidence has suggested that circulating PEDF levels may be a biomarker of severity and prognosis of these devastating disorders. Number of subjects with visceral obesity and insulin resistance is increasing, and the metabolic syndrome and its related complications, such as diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatits, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease are a growing health challenge. Therefore, in this study, we review the pathophysiological role of PEDF in obesity and metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disease, diabetic eye and kidney complications, liver diseases, and reproductive system disorders, and discuss the potential clinical utility of modulating the expression and actions of PEDF for preventing these cardiometabolic disorders. We also refer to the clinical value of PEDF as a biomarker in cardiometabolic complications.

Plant n-3 PUFA intake may lower the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease only among subjects with a low intake of marine n-3 PUFAs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian S. Bork ◽  
Søren Lundbye-Christensen ◽  
Stine K. Venø ◽  
Anne N. Lasota ◽  
Erik B. Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Pufa Intake

Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Individuals with Hepatitis C Viral Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison L. Bailey ◽  
Saif Al-Adwan ◽  
Eliea Sneij ◽  
Nicholas Campbell ◽  
Matthew E. Wiisanen
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
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