scholarly journals Design and Validation of a Diet Rich in Slowly Digestible Starch for Type 2 Diabetic Patients for Significant Improvement in Glycemic Profile

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2404
Author(s):  
Aurélie Goux ◽  
Anne-Esther Breyton ◽  
Alexandra Meynier ◽  
Stéphanie Lambert-Porcheron ◽  
Monique Sothier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Product ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Glycemic Profile ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Slowly Digestible Starch ◽  
Peak Value

This study aimed at designing a—diet high in slowly digestible starch (SDS) by carefully selecting high-SDS starchy products and to validate its implementation, acceptance, and impact on the postprandial glycemic response in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Starchy products were screened and classified as being either high (high-SDS) or low (low-SDS) in SDS (in vitro SDS method). A randomized controlled cross-over pilot study was performed: Eight patients with T2D consumed randomly a high-SDS or a low-SDS diet for one week each, while their glycemic profile was monitored for 6 days. Based on 250 food product SDS analyses and dietary recommendations for patients with T2D, the high-SDS and low-SDS diets were designed. The high-SDS diet significantly increased SDS intake and the SDS/carbohydrates proportion compared to the low-SDS diet (61.6 vs. 11.6 g/day and 30% vs. 6%; p < 0.0001, respectively). Increasing the SDS/carbohydrate proportion to 50% of the meal was significantly correlated with a 12% decrease in tAUC0–120 min and a 14% decrease in the glycemic peak value (p < 0.001 for both). A high-SDS diet can be easily designed by carefully selecting commercial starchy products and providing relevant recommendations for T2D to improve their glycemic profile.

scholarly journals Glycemic profile is improved by High Slowly Digestible Starch diet in type 2 diabetic patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelie Goux ◽  
Anne-Esther Breyton ◽  
Alexandra Meynier ◽  
Stephanie Lambert-Porcheron ◽  
Monique Sothier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Variability ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Starchy Food ◽  
Glycemic Profile ◽  
Slowly Digestible Starch

AbstractIntroductionConsidering the dramatically increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), decreasing glycemic variability in T2D patients is a key challenge to limit the occurrence of diabetic complications. Diet appears as one potential lever that can be set up above medications. Particularly, the ingestion of foods with a high content in slowly digestible starch (SDS) demonstrated both lower postprandial glycemic and insulin responses in healthy and insulin resistant subjects. This study aimed at designing a full high-SDS diet by selecting high-SDS starchy food products and at studying its impact on glycemic response and variability in T2D.Materials and methodsThis pilot randomized controlled cross-over study included eight T2D patients (HbA1c = 7.0 ± 0.2%, BMI = 31.7 ± 2.1 kg/m2, treated by Metformin & Sitagliptin) who consumed twice, for one week a controlled diet containing starchy food products screened and selected to be either High (High-SDS) or Low (Low-SDS) in SDS, as determined by the SDS in-vitro method developed by Englyst et al. During each diet period, the glycemic profile was monitored for 6 days using a Continuous Glucose Monitoring System (CGMS). Multiple metrics related to variability and glycemic responses were calculated.Results222 SDS analyses were realized on commercial food products as consumed. 23 High-SDS and 20 Low-SDS food items with associated specific cooking instructions were selected to design two diets consistent with local T2D recommendations. The High-SDS diet demonstrated a significantly higher SDS content compared to the Low-SDS diet (61.6 vs 11.6 g/day; p < 0.0001), mainly driven by selected pasta, rice and high-SDS biscuits (75.6% of the consumed SDS content). The % of total daily energy intake (TDEI) for all macronutrients remained similar between diets (p > 0.05) and the carbohydrate content specifically represented 49 ± 1 % and 47 ± 2 % of the TDEI for High-SDS and Low-SDS diets, respectively. With the high-SDS diet, the Mean Amplitude of Glycemic Excursion, a key parameter of glycemic variability, was significantly decreased (79.6 for Low-SDS vs 61.6 mg/dL for High-SDS; p = 0.0067). The significant correlation between the meals SDS contents and various glycemic parameters such as postprandial iAUC, tAUC (up to 180 min) or peak value strengthen this finding (p < 0.05 for all).DiscussionIt was the first demonstration that a diet including selected starchy food items and cooking recommendations designed to favor products’ high SDS content beneficially impacts glycemic profile in T2D subjects. Carefully selecting starchy food may be a simple and valuable tool to improve glycemic control in T2D.

Myricetin May Provide Protection against Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetic Erythrocytes

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 626-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanti Bhooshan Pandey ◽  
Neetu Mishra ◽  
Syed Ibrahim Rizvi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Protein Carbonyl Content ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Oxidative stress is believed to be a major contributing factor in the development of late complications of diabetes. Many in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that several parameters of red blood cell function and integrity are negatively affected by increased oxidative stress. Plant polyphenols are reported to exert many biological effects due to their antioxidant property. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antioxidant effect of myricetin on markers of oxidative stress in erythrocytes from type 2 diabetic patients. The study was carried out on blood samples obtained from 23 type 2 diabetic patients and 23 age-matched control subjects. Erythrocytes were subjected to in vitro oxidative stress by incubating with 10-5 M tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP). Erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation were measured in terms of malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl group levels. The results showed an elevated MDA and protein carbonyl content in diabetic erythrocytes which were further increased after incubation with t-BHP. Myricetin at micromolar concentration significantly (p < 0.01) protected an t-BHP-induced increase in levels of oxidative stress parameters of diabetic erythrocytes

scholarly journals Effect of metabolic control on the in vitro proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients

2006 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Foss-Freitas ◽  
Norma Tiraboschi Foss ◽  
Eduardo Antonio Donadi ◽  
Milton Cesar Foss
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
In Vitro Proliferation ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Diabetes mellitus is a clinical syndrome that frequently leads to the development of chronic complications and high susceptibility to infections. It is probably due to defective immunological defense, which may be related to metabolic control of the disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of metabolic control on immune-cell behavior in type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients. For this, the in vitro proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was analyzed in patients with inadequate and adequate metabolic control. DESIGN AND SETTING: Experimental/laboratory study at a university hospital. METHODS: Eleven type 1 and thirteen type 2 diabetic patients were studied, together with 21 healthy individuals divided in two groups (11/10), who were matched by sex and age with those diabetic patients. PBMC cultures stimulated with concanavalin-A (Con-A) were used to measure ³H-thymidine incorporation after 72 hours of cell culturing. For patients with inadequate metabolic control, culturing was performed on the first day of patient hospitalization and again after intensive treatment to achieve adequate control. RESULTS: The proliferation index for Con-A-stimulated cultures from type 1 diabetic patients was significantly greater than that for cultures from healthy individuals and type 2 diabetic patients, independent of metabolic control. A negative correlation between the proliferation cell index and body mass index and serum C-reactive protein levels was also observed. CONCLUSION: The increase in the proliferation capacity of type 1 diabetic T lymphocytes was probably not caused by hyperglycemia and/or insulinopenia related to inadequate metabolic control.

scholarly journals In Vitro Glycoxidized Low-Density Lipoproteins and Low-Density Lipoproteins Isolated from Type 2 Diabetic Patients Activate Platelets via p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase

2007 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 1961-1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Calzada ◽  
Laurent Coulon ◽  
Déborah Halimi ◽  
Elodie Le Coquil ◽  
Valérie Pruneta-Deloche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
P38 Mapk ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Thromboxane B2 ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Abstract Context: Platelet hyperactivation contributes to the increased risk for atherothrombosis in type 2 diabetes and is associated with oxidative stress. Plasma low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) are exposed to both hyperglycemia and oxidative stress, and their role in platelet activation remains to be ascertained. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of LDLs modified by both glycation and oxidation in vitro or in vivo on platelet arachidonic acid signaling cascade. The activation of platelet p38 MAPK, the stress kinase responsible for the activation of cytosolic phospholipase A2, and the concentration of thromboxane B2, the stable catabolite of the proaggregatory arachidonic acid metabolite thromboxane A2, were assessed. Results: First, in vitro-glycoxidized LDLs increased the phosphorylation of platelet p38 MAPK as well as the concentration of thromboxane B2. Second, LDLs isolated from plasma of poorly controlled type 2 diabetic patients stimulated both platelet p38 MAPK phosphorylation and thromboxane B2 production and possessed high levels of malondialdehyde but normal α-tocopherol concentrations. By contrast, LDLs from sex- and age-matched healthy volunteers had no activating effects on platelets. Conclusions: Our results indicate that LDLs modified by glycoxidation may play an important contributing role in platelet hyperactivation observed in type 2 diabetes via activation of p38 MAPK.

Enhanced susceptibility of low-density lipoprotein to in vitro oxidation in type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients

1995 ◽  
Vol 239 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Louis Beaudeux ◽  
Pierre-Jean Guillausseau ◽  
Jacqueline Peynet ◽  
Françoise Flourie ◽  
Michel Assayag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals Transthyretin and Amyloid in the Islets of Langerhans in Type-2 Diabetes

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunilla T. Westermark ◽  
Per Westermark
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Islets Of Langerhans ◽  
Islet Cells ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Amyloid Fibril Protein ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Transthyretin (TTR) is a major amyloid fibril protein in certain systemic forms of amyloidosis. It is a plasma protein, mainly synthesized by the liver but expression occurs also at certain minor locations, including the endocrine cells in the islets of Langerhans. With the use of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, we have studied the distribution of transthyretin-containing cells in islets of Langerhans in type-2 diabetic and nondiabetic individuals. TTR expression was particularly seen in alpha (glucagon) cells. Islets from type-2 diabetic patients had proportionally more transthyretin-reactive islet cells, including beta cells. A weak transthyretin immunoreaction in IAPP-derived amyloid occurred in some specimens. In seeding experiments in vitro, we found that TTR fibrils did not seed IAPP while IAPP fibrils seeded TTR. It is suggested that islet expression of transthyretin may be altered in type-2 diabetes.

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