scholarly journals Gestational Weight Gain—Re-Examining the Current Paradigm

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2314
Author(s):  
Jennie Louise ◽  
Andrea R. Deussen ◽  
Jodie M. Dodd
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Our aim was to investigate the underlying assumptions of the current gestational weight gain (GWG) paradigm, specifically that—(1) GWG is modifiable through diet and physical activity; (2) optimal GWG and risk of excess GWG, vary by pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) category and (3) the association between GWG and adverse pregnancy outcomes is causal. Using data from three large, harmonized randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of interventions to limit GWG and improve pregnancy outcomes and with appropriate regression models, we investigated the link between diet and physical activity and GWG; the relationships between pre-pregnancy BMI, GWG and birth weight z-score; and the evidence for a causal relationship between GWG and pregnancy outcomes. We found little evidence that diet and physical activity in pregnancy affected GWG and that the observed relationships between GWG and adverse pregnancy outcomes are causal in nature. Further, while there is evidence that optimal GWG may be lower for women with higher BMI, target ranges defined by BMI categories do not accurately reflect risk of adverse outcomes. Our findings cast doubt upon current advice regarding GWG, particularly for overweight and obese women and suggest that a change in focus is warranted.

scholarly journals Rate of gestational weight gain trajectory is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (18) ◽  
pp. 3304-3314
Author(s):  
Heng Yaw Yong ◽  
Zalilah Mohd Shariff ◽  
Geeta Appannah ◽  
Zulida Rejali ◽  
Barakatun Nisak Mohd Yusof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Caesarean Delivery ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Group 1

AbstractObjective:To examine the gestational weight gain (GWG) trajectory and its possible association with pregnancy outcomes.Design:GWG trajectories were identified using the latent class growth model. Binary logistic regression was performed to examine the associations between adverse pregnancy outcomes and these trajectories.Setting:Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.Participants:Two thousand one hundred ninety-three pregnant women.Results:Three GWG trajectories were identified: ‘Group 1 – slow initial GWG but followed by drastic GWG’, ‘Group 2 – maintaining rate of GWG at 0·58 kg/week’ and ‘Group 3 – maintaining rate of GWG at 0·38 kg/week’. Group 1 had higher risk of postpartum weight retention (PWR) (adjusted OR (AOR) 1·02, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·04), caesarean delivery (AOR 1·03, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·04) and having low birth weight (AOR 1·04, 95 % CI 1·02, 1·05) compared with group 3. Group 2 was at higher risk of PWR (AOR 1·18, 95 % CI 1·16, 1·21), preterm delivery (AOR 1·03, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·05) and caesarean delivery (AOR 1·02, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·03), but at lower risk of having small-for-gestational-age infants (AOR 0·97, 95 % CI 0·96, 0·99) compared with group 3. The significant associations between group 1 and PWR were observed among non-overweight/obese women; between group 1 and caesarean delivery among overweight/obese women; group 2 with preterm delivery and caesarean delivery were only found among overweight/obese women.Conclusions:Higher GWG as well as increasing GWG trajectories was associated with higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Promoting GWG within the recommended range should be emphasised in antenatal care to prevent the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF EXCESSIVE GESTATIONAL WEIGHT GAIN ON PREGNANCY OUTCOME: A CASE STUDY OF TERTIARY HOSPITALS IN BENUE STATE, NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-189
Author(s):  
Amarachi Nwaogwugwu ◽  
Nwabueze Achunam Simeon ◽  
Celestine E Ekwuluo
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Motivation/Background: Little is known of adverse pregnancy outcomes resulting from Excess Gestational Weight Gain (EGWG) in Benue state, Nigeria. In this study, we aimed to assess the effects and association of EGWG on pregnancy outcome in tertiary hospitals in Benue State. Method: We used retrospective cohort study to examine the data obtained from the general Antenatal Care (ANC) Register of 350 pregnant women who attended ANC clinic between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2016. Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated by dividing weight in kilograms within first 14 weeks of gestation by square of height in meters while total gestational weight was calculated as difference between weight before, or at 14 weeks and weight at 37 weeks of gestation prior to delivery. Results: Data analysis was done using SPSS version 21. Out of the sampled folders, 103 (29.4%) women gained excess weight during pregnancy, 130 (37.1%) women gained the recommended weight while 117 (33.4%) women gained weight less than the recommended value. Analysis showed strong association between EGWG and pregnancy induced hypertension/pre-eclampsia, caesarean section and macrosomia. Conclusions: The study concluded that EGWG should be avoided by educating women on the need to gain appropriate weight during pregnancy to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes which affect both mothers and their offspring.

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