scholarly journals Effectiveness of Interventions to Promote Healthy Eating Habits in Children and Adolescents at Risk of Poverty: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1891
Author(s):  
Rosario Pastor ◽  
Josep A. Tur
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits

The objective of this review was to provide an up-to-date review of trials that include behavioral intervention on the eating habits of children and adolescents at risk of poverty, applying meta-analysis to estimate the size of the intervention effect. A systematic literature search was performed in the following databases: MEDLINE via Pubmed and via EBSCOhost, LILACS and IBECS via VHL. The MeSH terms were used: “social class”, “poverty”, “diet”, “health promotion” (PROSPERO ID: 183900). A total of 14 articles were finally included in this systematic review. The primary results of the included studies were meta-analyzed with the RevMan 5.3 program, assuming a random effects model. Analysis of the overall effect showed combined standardized mean differences (SMD) of 0.16 (CI 95%: [0.03, 0.30], I2 = 76%). The p-value for the Z statistic was 0.02, which reflects accuracy in the effect estimation. When establishing subgroups based on the intervention tracking time points, studies that provided longer-term follow-up data showed a combined SMD of 0.15 (CI 95%: [−0.02, 0.32], I2 = 81%]). Small effects of behavioral interventions were found to promote healthy eating habits, but better effects were shown in cases where the invention was followed up in the long term.

scholarly journals Prevalence of At-Risk Marriages among Couples attending Premarital Screening (PMS) Programs: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
BibiAsma Syed ◽  
Mashael Alshafai ◽  
Karam Turk-Adawi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Genetic Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Middle East Countries ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Premarital Screening

Background: Hemoglobinopathies are among the most common inherited genetic diseases. The World Health Organization estimates that at least 5% of the world’s population are carriers for hemoglobinopathies (2.9% for thalassemia and 2.3% for sickle cell disease). Programs like premarital screening (PMS) have been developed in most Middle East countries on a mandatory basis to reduce atrisk marriages by providing counseling after a confirmed “genetic carrier” state for hemoglobinopathies. Aim/Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the prevalence of atrisk marriages globally and see the variation by region, income level, ethnicity, study period, implementation year of PMS program, study design and consanguinity proportion. Methods: Different databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus were searched systematically by using key terms and MeSH Terms. Studies from Google Scholar and reference lists of studies were also collected, and the author extracted all relevant data. Two reviewers independently conducted quality assessment by using Hoy et al (2012) risk of bias tool. Quality effects model (QEM) was used due to considerable heterogeneity observed between studies. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were also performed for assessing the causes of heterogeneity. Results: A total of 15 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The overall pooled prevalence of at-risk marriages among total couples at-risk was 64% (95% CI: 49%- 78%). Estimates of several subgroups were found to be different as compared to the overall pooled estimate. Funnel plot and Doi plot indicated the presence of publication bias. Sensitivity analysis including only studies with low risk led to a pooled estimate of 52% (CI: 46%, 57%) and indicated absence of publication bias. Conclusion and recommendations: The pooled estimates varied widely and there was a substantial heterogeneity among studies, therefore, there is a need for more well-designed studies across different countries. Moreover, the importance of the quality of counseling sessions should be stressed and combined with efforts in other community sectors, such as high schools where students can attain high knowledge regarding genetic diseases before the age of marriage.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Interventions Based on Social Marketing Theory in Promoting Healthy Eating Habits: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-143
Author(s):  
Vahid Ranaei ◽  
Sakineh Dadipoor ◽  
Hossain Davoodi ◽  
Teamur Aghamolaei ◽  
Zahra Pilevar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Marketing ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Marketing Theory ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits ◽  
Social Marketing Theory

scholarly journals Gastronot: a pilot project for promoting healthy eating habits using mixed-method study design

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1273
Author(s):  
Titik Respati ◽  
Susan Fitriyana ◽  
Nurul Romadhona ◽  
Ganang Ibnusantosa ◽  
Rio Frederrico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Mixed Method Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Board Game ◽  
Game Based Learning ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits

Background: Eating habits are formed from childhood and develop into adulthood. Unhealthy eating habits will persist into adulthood and can lead  to various diseases. Healthy eating and behaviour should be taught using  engaging tools. The study aims to pilot nutrition education using the game-based learning approach, implementing a specially designed learning board game entitled "Gastronot". Methods: A mixed-method study was used in two stages. The first stage was an FGD with 14 informants and in-depth interviews with six informants to develop the game. The second stage was the game's development, and a pre and post-test were conducted on 88 children to evaluate the game—the study was conducted from August 2019 to July 2020. Results: Results showed almost half the children (49%) never heard about Balanced Nutrition Diet Pyramid. There was a significant difference between respondents' knowledge before and after playing the game with a p-value of 0.021. The game was able to engage participants in the active learning process. Conclusions: We concluded that the game-based learning utilizing the Gastronot board game demonstrated good results as a method for teaching primary school students about food and healthy eating habits.

scholarly journals Influence of Chronic Exposure to Exercise on Heart Rate Variability in Children and Adolescents Affected by Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11065
Author(s):  
Rodrigo M. Dias ◽  
Íbis A. P. Moraes ◽  
Maria T. A. P. Dantas ◽  
Deborah C. G. L. Fernani ◽  
Anne M. G. G. Fontes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Mesh Terms

Background: Sedentary lifestyles are increasingly common amongst children, and insufficient physical activity is a global epidemic estimated to contribute to future incapacities and potential deaths. Objective: We aimed to increase the amount of evidence concerning the effect of chronic exposure to exercise on heart rate variability in children and adolescents affected by obesity. Methods: A systematic review commenced following the PRISMA guidelines developed by Web of Science, Virtual Health Library, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Ovid, Medline Complete, and Scopus using keywords obtained from the Descriptors in Health Sciences and Medical Subject Headlines (MeSH) terms. We considered (1) Population: Pediatric individuals affected by obesity; (2) Intervention: Exercise; (3) Control: Pre-intervention and sedentary; (4) Outcomes: Clearly presented primary parameters; and (5) Studies: Clinical trials, case controls, case reports, and case series. Results: 11 articles were involved and predominantly included procedures observed during approximately 12 weeks with a distribution of three sessions per week, each session being 30–60 min of aerobic exercise; additionally, the exercise grades were typically completed at a percentage of subjects’ maximum heart rates. The meta-analyses displayed a significant effect on the domains of time (R-R interval, SDNN, rMSSD), frequency (HF ms2, HF (n.u.), LF/HF), and the non-linear index (SD1). Conclusion: Chronic exposure to exercise influences heart rate variability in children and adolescents affected by obesity by elevating the variability and parasympathetic activity and improving the sympathetic-vagal balance. Exercises should be recommended for the improvement of cardiac autonomic modulation to prevent the likelihood of further chronic diseases.

scholarly journals OVERWEIGHT AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH PHENYLKETONURIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berilany dos Santos Sena ◽  
Maria Izabel Siqueira de Andrade ◽  
Ana Paula Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Keila Fernandes Dourado ◽  
Andressa Laís Ferreira Silva
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Overweight Child ◽  
Nutritional Disorder ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits ◽  
Nutritional Disturbances ◽  
Regular Practice

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the occurrence of overweight in children and adolescents with phenylketonuria and to identify possible causal factors. Data sources: A systematic review was performed in the SciELO, PubMed and VHL databases using the descriptors “Phenylketonurias”, “Overweight”, “Child” and “Adolescent”. Original articles conducted with children and adolescents, published between 2008 and 2018 in Portuguese, English or Spanish languages were included. Data synthesis: A total of 16 articles were identified and, after screening procedures, 6 studies were selected for the review. Overweight in children and adolescents with phenylketonuria was a frequent occurence in the studies included in this review, ranging from 7.8 to 32.6%. The female sex was the most affected by the nutritional disorder. Furthermore, a high caloric intake combined with a lack of stimuli to practice physical activities were main factors associated with the excessive weight in the population of interest. Conclusions: Excess weight can be considered a common outcome in children and adolescents with phenylketonuria. It is mainly caused by inadequate food consumption and sedentary lifestyle. The importance of early identification of nutritional disturbances in children and adolescents with phenylketonuria should be emphasized, in order to prevent associated chronic diseases and to promote health by encouraging continued healthy eating habits and the regular practice of physical exercises.

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