scholarly journals Dietary Habits, Anthropometric Features and Daily Performance in Two Independent Long-Lived Populations from Nicoya peninsula (Costa Rica) and Ogliastra (Sardinia)

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Nieddu ◽  
Laura Vindas ◽  
Alessandra Errigo ◽  
Jorge Vindas ◽  
Giovanni Mario Pes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Cross Sectional

(1) Background: Longevity Blue Zones (LBZs) are populations characterized by exceptional longevity. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to compare the food habits of two representative samples of the oldest old subjects from the population residing in the LBZs of Nicoya peninsula (Costa Rica) and in the mountainous part of Ogliastra (Sardinia, Italy). (2) Methods: Data were collected using validated tools, including a food frequency questionnaire, Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) scales for functional autonomy, body mass index, and waist and limbs circumferences. (3) Results: A total of 210 subjects, 60 (31 male) from Nicoya (age range 80–109 years), and 150 (61 male) from Ogliastra (age 90–101 years) were included in the study. In both populations, the highest frequencies of consumption were recorded for plant-derived foods (cereals 60–80% daily, legumes ≥ 80% daily in Nicoya, ≥ 60% 2–5 servings/week in Ogliastra), followed by those of animal origin (dairy products, meat) ≥60% and 80% daily, in Nicoya and Ogliastra, respectively. The frequency of milk consumption showed a positive correlation with BADL (ρ = 0.268 for Nicoya and ρ = 0.214 for Ogliastra) and IADL scores (ρ = 0.466 for Nicoya and ρ = 0.471 for Ogliastra), whereas legumes consumption correlated negatively with self-rated health (ρ = −0.264) and IADL (ρ = −0.332). (4) Conclusions: Our results indicate that the dominant dietary model among the elderly of Nicoya and Ogliastra is a plant-based diet complemented by a non-negligible consumption of animal products, mostly dairy products. Further prospective studies are needed to ascertain a possible cause–effect relationship between food habits and increased likelihood of reaching advanced age.

scholarly journals Functional capability and violence situations against the elderly

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 392-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréa Mathes Faustino ◽  
Lenora Gandolfi ◽  
Leides Barroso de Azevedo Moura
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Functional Capability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Partial Dependence

Objective To verify whether there is a connection between the functional capacity of the elderly and the presence of violent situations in their daily lives. Methods A population-based cross-sectional study developed with 237 elderly individuals. Standard and validated research instruments were used. Results Mean age of 70.25 years (standard deviation of 6.94), 69% were female, 76% were independent in basic activities of daily living and 54% had a partial dependence on at least one instrumental activity. The most prevalent violence was psychological and the relation between being dependent on basic activities of daily living and suffering physical violence was statistically significant. Conclusion When the elderly needs assistance to perform self-care activities, there is a greater chance of exposure to a situation of abuse, such as physical violence.

scholarly journals Functional capacity and reported morbidities: a comparative analysis in the elderly

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
William César Gavasso ◽  
Vilma Beltrame
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Family Health ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Gastrointestinal System ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Percentage Difference

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the influence of chronic morbidities on the functional capacity of elderly persons living in the municipal region of Herval d’ Oeste, in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of 272 elderly people registered in the Family Health Strategy of the municipality of Herval d’ Oeste, Santa Catarina. A socio-demographic questionnaire, Katz’s Basic Activities of Daily Living Scale and Lawton’s Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IALD) were used as instruments to gather data. The socio-demographical variables were estimated in frequencies and percentages. The associations were analyzed through the chi-square test. Results: Significant statistical associations for dependence were only found in the IADL assessments. Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus were not found to influence the dependence of the elderly. However, a greater number of elderly persons who reported pathologies of the gastrointestinal system were classified as dependent. While the number of morbidities did not influence dependence in IADL, there was a smaller percentage difference between dependent and independent individuals among those with more than three morbidities. Conclusion: No relationship was found between the number of morbidities and the functional and instrumental capacity of the elderly. However, diseases of the gastrointestinal system demonstrated an influence on the dependence of elderly persons of Herval d'Oeste, Santa Catarina.

scholarly journals Assessment of functional capacity in elderly residents of an outlying area in the hinterland of Bahia/Northeast Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilson de Vasconcelos Torres ◽  
Luciana Araújo dos Reis ◽  
Luana Araújo dos Reis
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Instrumental Activities ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Outlying Area

OBJECTIVE: To assess the functional capacity and to determine the difference between the means of functional capacity (basic and instrumental activities of daily living) and the age groups of elderly residents in an outlying area in the hinterland of Bahia/Northeast of Brazil. METHOD: Analytical study with cross-sectional design and a sample of 150 elderly individuals enrolled in four Health Units in the municipality of Jequié, Bahia, Brazil. The instrument consisted of sociodemographic and health data, the Barthel Index and the Lawton scale. RESULTS: In all, 78.00% of the elderly were classified as dependent in the basic activities and 65.33% in the instrumental activities of daily living. Using the Kruskal-Wallis test, we found a statistically significant difference between the means of instrumental activities and the age groups (p=0.011). CONCLUSION: An elevated number of elderly were classified as dependent in terms of functional capacity and increased age is related to greater impairment in the execution of instrumental activities of daily living.

scholarly journals Assessing Functional Capacity and Factors Determining Functional Decline in the Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anamélia Oliveira ◽  
Paulo Nossa ◽  
Anabela Mota-Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adult Day Care ◽  
Medication Usage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Support

Introduction: The aim of this study is to assess functional capacity and determine the factors associated with functional decline in the elderly in adult day care centres and home care support in the County of Coimbra, Portugal.Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study. A total of 115 participants of both genders, aged between 65 and 98, were enrolled in the home care support and adult day care system of the County of Coimbra, Portugal. Functional capacity was assessed using the Barthel index and the Lawton index. Another questionnaire gathered social, demographic and health status information.Results: The basic activities of daily living were significantly associated with age, cohabitation, medication usage, falls and multiple morbidity. Analysis of the study’s variables and the instrumental activities of daily living found significant associations between age, institutional affiliation, perceived health status, hospitalizations, medication usage, physical exercise, multiple morbidities, falls, and fall prevention.Discussion: The results demonstrate that no statistically observable differences were found between gender and functional dependence. A significant association between the Barthel index and cohabitation was also found. We should also highlight that this sample revealed the extremely important role of families in determining the protection of highly dependent older people. Likewise, a significant association was observed between instrumental activities of daily living and levels of physical activity in which greater independence was found in those seniors who practiced physical exercise three or more times per week.Conclusion: The results of this study allow us to identify factors that may be associated with the functional decline in the elderly. Useful evidence for the adoption of intervention strategies in the elderly population was added, focused on the prevention of functional decline and maintenance of the functional capacities of the elderly.

scholarly journals Prevalence of disability and associated factors in the elderly

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 521-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jair Sindra Virtuoso Júnior ◽  
Cristiane Alves Martins ◽  
Liliane Beatriz Roza ◽  
Thais Reis Silva de Paulo ◽  
Maria da Conceição Lopes Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Instrumental Activities ◽  
Multigenerational Family ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with functional disability in the elderly. The cross-sectional design was used with a sample of 624 individuals, between 60 and 96 years of age. In the assessment of the elderly interviews and physical performance tests were used. In the inferential data analysis, the Poisson regression was used, p≤0.05. The prevalence of disability was 17.6% for Basic Activities of Daily Living and 46.3% for Instrumental Activities of Daily Living. Functional disability for Basic Activities of Daily Living was associated with increasing age, alcohol consumption, depressive symptoms and frailty; the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living were associated with increasing age, illiteracy, multigenerational family arrangement, hospitalization and fragility. The variables that remained in the explanatory model for the decline of functional capacity should be emphasized in proposals for public policies to promote the health of the elderly.

scholarly journals REHABILITATION NURSING: DIFFERENTIATION IN PROMOTING THE AUTONOMY OF THE ELDERLY

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Andreia Maria Lima ◽  
Maria Manuela Ferreira da Silva Martins ◽  
Maria Salomé Martins Ferreira ◽  
Francisco Sampaio ◽  
Soraia Dornelles Schoeller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Nurse Specialist ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Instrumental Activities ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Specialist Nurses

Introduction: The promotion of autonomy, through the use of nursing interventions that promote physical, cognitive and social integration skills, are added competencies of nurses specialized in rehabilitation nursing, so it is important to realize whether these professionals invest in this area in their practices. Objectives: To identify and compare the perception of nurses who are specialists in rehabilitation nursing and nurses who are specialists in other specialty areas. Methodology: A descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional, quantitative study with non-probabilistic snowball sampling. For data collection, the Self-Assessment Scale of Elderly Autonomy was used between September and October 2020. Results: The sample consists of 151 specialist nurses, 72 specialists in rehabilitation nursing, and 79 specialists in other specialty areas. All specialist nurses promote the autonomy of the elderly with less visibility in the development of interventions for instrumental activities of daily living. It is perceived that the nurse specialist in rehabilitation nursing promotes more autonomy of the elderly on a broader scale (p <0.05), with a more significant difference concerning the development of physical and cognitive interventions (<0.001). Conclusion: All specialist nurses perceive that they promote the elderly's autonomy but have weaknesses in interventions that promote instrumental activities of daily living. The specialist nurses in rehabilitation nursing realize that they promote more autonomy for the elderly, probably due to the implementation of rehabilitation programs aimed at this promotion.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Activities of Daily Living and Depression in Older Adults

Salmand ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Mohamadzadeh ◽  
◽  
Vahid Rashedi ◽  
Mitra Hashemi ◽  
Vahidreza Borhaninejad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Early Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objectives: Physical disability to perform daily living activities is one of the major causes of depression in the elderly people. On the other hand, depression is associated with loss of interest in daily activities and lack of independence. The present study aimed to assess the relationship of depression with the ability to perform Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) in older adults in Iran. Methods & Materials: This cross-sectional study was performed on 148 elderly people aged ≥60 years who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. Data were collected by using ADL, IADL, and 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) questionnaires and were then presented by using descriptive statistics and analyzed by Chi-square test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and regression analysis. Results: Participants were 86 female (58.1%) and 62 male (41.9%); 109 (73.6%) aged 60-75 years, and the rest were older than 75 years; 71 (48%) had moderate or severe depression; 4(2.7%) and 61(41.2%) were dependent or in need of help performing ADL and IADL, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that depression has a significant negative correlation with ADL (r= -0.304, P<0.001) and IADL (r=-0.193, P>0.01); i.e. by increasing one of them, the depression decreases. Conclusion: The ability of the elderly people to perform ADL and IADL can be a good predictor of depression in them. With early assessment of their health and ability by health teams and family members, it is possible to prevent the development of their disability and depression.

scholarly journals Incapacidade funcional e fatores associados em idosos de área urbana: um estudo de base populacional

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darlene Mara dos Santos Tavares ◽  
Paula Berteli Pelizaro ◽  
Maycon Sousa Pegorari ◽  
Mariana Mapelli de Paiva ◽  
Gianna Fiori Marchiori
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Action Planning ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Urban Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Instrumental Activities

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n5p499 Population aging may cause impaired functional abilities in the elderly population, with increased rates of functional disability. Early detection of functional disability makes it possible to postpone possible complications and helps with health action planning. The objective of this study was to investigate the factors associated with functional disability in urban elderly. We conducted an analytical and cross-sectional household survey with 1,691 urban elderly individuals in Uberaba (MG), Brazil, in 2012. The questionnaire included socioeconomic and clinical information. We used the following instruments to assessed the participants: Abbreviated Geriatric Depression Scale, Katz Index, and Lawton and Brody Scale. We performed a descriptive bivariate analysis and used a logistic regression model (p<0.05). The prevalence of functional disability in basic activities of daily living was 21.2%; whereas the prevalence of functional disability in instrumental activities of daily living was 65.9%. The following factors were associated with functional disability in basic and instrumental activities of daily living, respectively: age of 80 years old and older [(OR= 2.18; p<0.001), (OR=3.30, p<0.001)]; larger number of self-reported diseases [(OR=1.24, p<0.001), (OR=1.12; p<0.001)]; and symptoms of depression [(OR=1.49; p<0.003), (OR = 1.75, p<0.001)]; whereas no schooling (OR=1.88; p<0.001) was related to functional disability in instrumental activities of daily living. We found significant impairment of functional status, especially in instrumental activities of daily living and in association with socioeconomic and health variables; those aspects support the implementation of actions aimed at monitoring and controlling the factors that interfere with the functional ability of the elderly.

scholarly journals Oral health conditions and activities of daily living in an elderly population in Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 917-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diviane Alves da Silva ◽  
◽  
Yan Nogueira Leite de Freitas ◽  
Tamires Carneiro de Oliveira ◽  
Romerito Lins da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prosthesis Replacement

Abstract Objective: To analyze the relationship between the oral health status and functional capacity in performing basic activities of daily living of a population of elderly persons. Method: A cross-sectional population-based study with 441 individuals aged 60 years or over both genders was performed in the municipality of Macaíba, Rio Grande do Norte. From intraoral epidemiological examination, the degree of caries attacks (CPO-D index), periodontal condition (CPI and PIP indexes), the use and need for dental prosthesis and the presence of oral lesions were evaluated. Independence in Activities of Daily Living was used to evaluate functional capacity. Socioeconomic and demographic characteristics were surveyed using a structured questionnaire. Results: Oral health variables were subjected to factor analysis, which resulted in four indicators. There was no association between these indicators and the functional capacity of the elderly. Gender, age, presence of caregiver, dominant area of residence, time of last visit to the dentist, type of care sought during such visit and self-perception regarding prosthesis replacement were significantly associated with oral health indicators. Conclusion: Given the non-identification of the effect of functional capacity on the oral health of the elderly, the time of measurement of the events investigated should be considered. It is suggested that dependency among the elderly occurs at different times from when the consequences of oral problems are observed, considering the cumulative effects of a previous history of invasive dental care.

scholarly journals The Bidirectional Relationship Between Cognitive Function and Loss Hierarchy of Activities of Daily Living Among Older Adults with Disabilities in China: A Cross-Lagged Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Sun ◽  
Nan Jiang ◽  
Nan Lu ◽  
Vivian W. Q. Lou
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Service Needs ◽  
Social Burden ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Late Loss

Abstract Background The Chinese population is experiencing rapid aging, limitations in activities of daily living and decline in cognitive function among the oldest-old group causes tremendous economic, family and social burden. Examining their relationship is critically relevant for policymakers. The present study aimed to determine the bidirectional relationship between cognitive function and the loss hierarchy of activities of daily living among older adults in China. Methods Data were derived from a sample of 469 older adults who participated in both the 2010 and 2013 waves of a Longitudinal Study on Family Caregivers for Frail Older Adults. Cognitive function was assessed using the Chinese version of the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire and activities of daily living were measured by self-reports of having difficulty or needing help with basic daily activities. A cross-lagged analysis was adopted. Results In general, the results showed cognitive function in 2010 was a significant predictor of middle loss activities of daily living (dressing, moving, bathing and toileting) in 2013, and late loss activities of daily living (feeding and hygiene) in 2013. The loss hierarchy of activities of daily living among older adults was not shown to be significant as a risk factor of cognitive function in 2013. Conclusions The findings expanded understanding of the relationship between cognitive function and the loss hierarchy of activities of daily living as well as provided evidence for clinicians and service planners for anticipating the subsequent care and service needs of the elderly and their families.

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