scholarly journals Synergistic Effect of Eugenol and Probiotic Lactobacillus Plantarum Zs2058 against Salmonella Infection in C57bl/6 Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1611
Author(s):  
Fanfen Song ◽  
Junsheng Liu ◽  
Wenyu Zhao ◽  
Hongxuan Huang ◽  
Diangeng Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Murine Models ◽  
Salmonella Infection ◽  
Food Components ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Preventive Effects

Previously, we showed the preventive effects of Lactobacillus plantarum ZS2058 (ZS2058) on Salmonella infection in murine models. In this work, we found that eugenol has a selective antibacterial effect, which inhibited Salmonella more than probiotics ZS2058 in vitro. It suggested a synergistic effect of them beyond their individual anti-Salmonella activity. We verified the conjecture in murine models. The results showed that the combination of ZS2058 and eugenol (CLPZE) significantly increased (p = 0.026) the survival rate of Salmonella-infected mice from 60% to 80% and the effect of CLPZE on preventing Salmonella-infection was 2-fold that of ZS2058 alone and 6-fold that of eugenol alone. CLPZE had a synergistic effect on inhibiting ST growth (the coefficient drug interaction ((CDI) = 0.829), reducing its invasiveness (CDI = 0.373) and downregulating virulence genes’ expression in vitro. CLPZE helped the host form a healthier gut ecosystem. CLPZE also elicited a stronger and earlier immune response to systemic infection. In conclusion, these obtained results suggest that ZS2058 and eugenol have a synergistic effect on preventing Salmonella infection and open new perspectives in the strategies of controlling the prevalence of Salmonella by combination of probiotics and functional food components.

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Antibacterial Activities of OPC-20011, a Novel Parenteral Broad-Spectrum 2-Oxaisocephem Antibiotic

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 2943-2949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Matsumoto ◽  
Hisashi Tamaoka ◽  
Hiroshi Ishikawa ◽  
Mikio Kikuchi
Keyword(s):  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Murine Models ◽  
Penicillin Binding Protein ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

ABSTRACT OPC-20011, a new parenteral 2-oxaisocephem antibiotic, has an oxygen atom at the 2- position of the cephalosporin frame. OPC-20011 had the best antibacterial activities against gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Enterococcus faecalis, and penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae: MICs at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited were 6.25, 6.25, and 0.05 μg/ml, respectively. Its activity is due to a high affinity of the penicillin-binding protein 2′ in MRSA, an affinity which was approximately 1,050 times as high as that for flomoxef. Against gram-negative bacteria, OPC-20011 also showed antibacterial activities similar to those of ceftazidime. The in vivo activities of OPC-20011 were comparable to or greater than those of reference compounds in murine models of systemic infection caused by gram-positive and -negative pathogens. OPC-20011 was up to 10 times as effective as vancomycin against MRSA infections in mice. This better in vivo efficacy is probably due to the bactericidal activity of OPC-20011, while vancomycin showed bacteriostatic activity against MRSA. OPC-20011 produced a significant decrease of viable counts in lung tissue at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg of body weight, an efficacy similar to that of ampicillin at a dose of 10 to 20 mg/kg on an experimental murine model of respiratory tract infection caused by non-ampicillin-susceptibleS. pneumoniae T-0005. The better therapeutic efficacy of OPC-20011 was considered to be due to its potent antibacterial activity and low affinity for serum proteins of experimental animals (29% in mice and 6.4% in rats).

scholarly journals Staphylococcus aureus Synergized with Candida albicans to Increase the Pathogenesis and Drug Resistance in Cutaneous Abscess and Peritonitis Murine Models

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1036
Author(s):  
Yao Hu ◽  
Yulong Niu ◽  
Xingchen Ye ◽  
Chengguang Zhu ◽  
Ting Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Microbial Interactions ◽  
Murine Models ◽  
Resistant Genes ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

The mixed species of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans can cause infections on skin, mucosa or bloodstream; however, mechanisms of their cross-kingdom interactions related to pathogenesis and drug resistance are still not clear. Here an increase of S. aureus proliferation and biofilm formation was observed in S. aureus and C. albicans dual-species culture, and the synergistic pathogenic effect was then confirmed in both local (cutaneous abscess) and systemic infection (peritonitis) murine models. According to the transcriptome analysis of the dual-species culture, virulence factors of S. aureus were significantly upregulated. Surprisingly, the beta-lactams and vancomycin-resistant genes in S. aureus as well as azole-resistant genes in C. albicans were also significantly increased. The synergistic effects on drug resistance to both antibacterial and antifungal agents were further proved both in vitro and in cutaneous abscess and peritonitis murine models treated by methicillin, vancomycin and fluconazole. The synergistic interactions between S. aureus and C. albicans on pathogenesis and drug resistance highlight the importance of targeting the microbial interactions in polyspecies-associated infections.

Preventive effects of Lactobacillus plantarum ST-III against Salmonella infection

LWT ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 200-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junsheng Liu ◽  
Zhennan Gu ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Jianxin Zhao ◽  
Wei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Salmonella Infection ◽  
Preventive Effects

scholarly journals Activity of Tedizolid Phosphate (TR-701) in Murine Models of Infection with Penicillin-Resistant and Penicillin-Sensitive Streptococcus pneumoniae

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 4713-4717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunghak Choi ◽  
Weonbin Im ◽  
Ken Bartizal
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Murine Models ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lung Histopathology ◽  
Phosphate Treatment

ABSTRACTThein vitroactivity of tedizolid (previously known as torezolid, TR-700) against penicillin-resistantStreptococcus pneumoniae(PRSP) clinical isolates and thein vivoefficacy of tedizolid phosphate (torezolid phosphate, TR-701) in murine models of PRSP systemic infection and penicillin-susceptibleS. pneumoniae(PSSP) pneumonia were examined using linezolid as a comparator. The MIC90against 28 PRSP isolates was 0.25 μg/ml for tedizolid, whereas it was 1 μg/ml for linezolid. In mice infected systemically with a lethal inoculum of PRSP 1 h prior to a single administration of either antimicrobial, oral tedizolid phosphate was equipotent to linezolid (1 isolate) to 2-fold more potent than linezolid (3 isolates) for survival at day 7, with tedizolid phosphate 50% effective dose (ED50) values ranging from 3.19 to 11.53 mg/kg of body weight/day. In the PSSP pneumonia model, the ED50for survival at day 15 was 2.80 mg/kg/day for oral tedizolid phosphate, whereas it was 8.09 mg/kg/day for oral linezolid following 48 h of treatment with either agent. At equivalent doses (10 mg/kg once daily tedizolid phosphate or 5 mg/kg twice daily linezolid), pneumococcal titers in the lungs at 52 h postinfection were approximately 3 orders of magnitude lower with tedizolid phosphate treatment than with linezolid treatment or no treatment. Lung histopathology showed less inflammatory cell invasion into alveolar spaces in mice treated with tedizolid phosphate than in untreated or linezolid-treated mice. These results demonstrate that tedizolid phosphate is effective in murine models of PRSP systemic infection and PSSP pneumonia.

scholarly journals Paradoxical Growth of Candida dubliniensis Does Not Preclude In Vivo Response to Echinocandin Therapy

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 5297-5299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marçal Mariné ◽  
F. Javier Pastor ◽  
Ismail H. Sahand ◽  
José Pontón ◽  
Guillermo Quindós ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Candida Dubliniensis ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Murine Models ◽  
Growth Effects ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Paradoxical Growth

ABSTRACT Candida dubliniensis commonly shows paradoxical or trailing growth effects in vitro in the presence of echinocandins. We tested the in vitro activities of anidulafungin, caspofungin, and micafungin against clinical isolates of C. dubliniensis and evaluated the efficacy of these drugs in two murine models of systemic infection. The three echinocandins were similarly effective in the treatment of experimental disseminated infections with C. dubliniensis strains showing or not showing abnormal growth in vitro.

Benzisothiazolone Derivatives Exhibit Cytotoxicity in Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Cells through NF-κB Inhibition and are Synergistic with Doxorubicin and Etoposide

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 715-723
Author(s):  
Natarajan Nandakumar ◽  
Pushparathinam Gopinath ◽  
Jacob Gopas ◽  
Kannoth M. Muraleedharan
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Hodgkin’S Lymphoma ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphoma ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Luciferase Reporter Gene ◽  
Lymphoma Cells ◽  
Nuclear Extracts ◽  
Gene Assay

Background: The authors investigated the NF-κB inhibitory role of three Benzisothiazolone (BIT) derivatives (1, 2 and 3) in Hodgkin’s Lymphoma cells (L428) which constitutively express activated NF-κB. All three compounds showed dose-dependent NF-κB inhibition (78.3, 70.7 and 34.6%) in the luciferase reporter gene assay and were found cytotoxic at IC50 values of 3.3μg/ml, 4.35μg/ml and 13.8μg/ml, respectively by the XTT assay. BIT 1and BIT 2 (but not BIT 3) suppressed both NF-κB subunits p50 and p65 in cytoplasmic and nuclear extracts in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, BIT 1 showed a moderate synergistic effect with the standard chemotherapy drugs etoposide and doxorubicin, whereas BIT 2 and 3 showed a moderate additive effect to antagonistic effect. Cisplatin exhibited an antagonist effect on all the compounds tested under various concentrations, except in the case of 1.56μg/ml of BIT 3 with 0.156μg/ml of cisplatin. The compounds also inhibited the migration of adherent human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549) in vitro. We conclude that especially BIT 1 and BIT 2 have in vitro anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities, which can be further investigated for future potential therapeutic use. Methods: Inspired by the electrophilic sulfur in Nuphar alkaloids, monomeric and dimeric benzisothiazolones were synthesized from dithiodibenzoic acid and their NF-κB inhibitory role was explored. NF-κB inhibition and cytotoxicity of the synthesized derivatives were studied using luciferase reporter gene assay and XTTassay. Immunocytochemistry studies were performed using L428 cells. Cell migration assay was conducted using the A549 cell line. L428 cells were used to conduct combination studies and the results were plotted using CompuSyn software. Results: Benzisothiazolone derivatives exhibited cytotoxicity in Hodgkin’s Lymphoma cells through NF-κB inhibition. Potent compounds showed suppression of both NF-κB subunits p50 and p65 in a concentrationdependent manner, both in cytoplasmic and nuclear extracts. Combination studies suggest that benzisothiazolone derivatives possess a synergistic effect with etoposide and doxorubicin. Furthermore, the compounds also inhibited the migration of A549 cells. Conclusion: Benzisothiazolones bearing one or two electrophilic sulfur atoms as part of the heterocyclic framework exhibited cytotoxicity in Hodgkin’s Lymphoma cells through NF-κB inhibition. In addition, these derivatives also exhibited a synergistic effect with etoposide and doxorubicin along with the ability to inhibit the migration of A549 cells. Our study suggests that BIT-based new chemical entities could lead to potential anticancer agents.

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