scholarly journals Prenatal Nutrition Containing Bisphenol A Affects Placenta Glucose Transfer: Evidence in Rats and Human Trophoblast

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1375
Author(s):  
Linda Benincasa ◽  
Maurizio Mandalà ◽  
Luana Paulesu ◽  
Laura Barberio ◽  
Francesca Ietta
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Food Supplementation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Toxic Dose ◽  
Human Trophoblast ◽  
Glucose Transfer ◽  
Glut1 Expression ◽  
Uptake Studies

This work aims to clarify the effect of dietary supplementation with Bisphenol A (BPA), a chemical widely present in beverage and food containers, on placental glucose transfer and pregnancy outcome. The study was performed on female Sprague Dawley rats fed with a diet containing BPA (2.5, 25 or 250 μg/Kg/day) for a period of a month (virgin state) plus 20 days during pregnancy. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry were performed in placental tissues for glucose type 1 transporter (GLUT1). Furthermore, human trophoblast, HTR8-SV/neo cells, were used to evaluate the effect of BPA on glucose transport and uptake. Studies in rats showed that food supplementation with BPA, produces a higher fetal weight (FW) to placenta weight (PW) ratio at the lowest BPA concentration. Such low concentrations also reduced maternal weight gain in late pregnancy and up-regulated placental expression of GLUT1. Treatment of HTR8-SV/neo with the non-toxic dose of 1 nM BPA confirmed up-regulation of GLUT1 expression and revealed higher activity of the transporter with an increase in glucose uptake and GLUT1 membrane translocation. Overall, these results indicate that prenatal exposure to BPA affects pregnancy and fetal growth producing changes in the placental nutrients-glucose transfer.

scholarly journals Effects of a Lifestyle Intervention in Routine Care on Prenatal Dietary Behavior—Findings from the Cluster-Randomized GeliS Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Günther ◽  
Julia Hoffmann ◽  
Julia Kunath ◽  
Monika Spies ◽  
Dorothy Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Dietary Behavior ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Weight Retention ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Cluster Randomized

The antenatal lifestyle and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) modify the risk of obstetric complications, maternal weight retention, and the risk of obesity for the next generation. The cluster-randomized controlled “Healthy living in pregnancy” (GeliS) study, recruiting 2286 women, was designed to examine whether a lifestyle intervention reduced the proportion of women with excessive GWG. Trained healthcare providers gave four counseling sessions covering a healthy diet, regular physical activity, and self-monitoring of GWG in the intervention group. In this secondary analysis, the effect on maternal dietary behavior was analyzed. Dietary behavior was assessed by means of a 58-item food frequency questionnaire in early and late pregnancy. The intervention resulted in a significant reduction in soft drink intake (p < 0.001) and an increase in the consumption of fish (p = 0.002) and vegetables (p = 0.023). With the exception of higher percentage energy from protein (p = 0.018), no effects of the intervention on energy and macronutrient intake were observed. There was no evidence for an overall effect on dietary quality measured with a healthy eating index. Some dietary variables were shown to be associated with GWG. In a routine prenatal care setting in Germany, lifestyle advice modified single aspects of dietary behavior, but not energy intake or overall dietary quality.

scholarly journals Glucose partitioning in the pregnant ewe: Effects of undernutrition and exercise

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 449-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Leury ◽  
A. R. Bird ◽  
K. D. Chandler ◽  
A. W. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Entry Rate ◽  
Glucose Transfer ◽  
Glucose Supply ◽  
Maternal Glucose

Maternal whole-body glucose entry rate and uterine and umbilical net uptakes of glucose and oxygen were measured in single-pregnant ewes which were either well-fed throughout, or fed at 0.3–0.4 predicted energy requirement for 7–21 d during late pregnancy. All ewes were studied while standing at rest and then while walking on a treadmill at 0.7 m/s on a 10° slope for 60 min. Underfed ewes suffered significant decreases in live weight and had lower fetal, but not placental, weights at 140–144 d gestation. Undernutrition also caused large decreases in maternal glycaemia and glucose entry rate, which were associated with equally large decreases in uterine and umbilical net uptakes and O2 quotients of glucose, and with a decrease in placental glucose transfer capacity. Exercise caused increases in maternal blood concentration, entry rate and uterine net uptake of glucose, the magnitudes of which were not significantly affected by plane of nutrition. Umbilical glucose uptake and placental glucose transfer capacity increased during exercise in underfed but not fed ewes. The fractional distribution of maternal glucose to the pregnant uterus, and of uterine glucose uptake to the fetus, were unaltered by undernutrition; during exercise, a disproportionately small fraction of the increased maternal glucose supply went to the uterus. The results confirm that the ovine conceptus responds to nutritional reduction in maternal glucose availability in a manner similar to non-uterine maternal tissues. Major reductions in glucose supply appear to override putative glucose-sparing mechanisms which may operate to favour the conceptus in better-nourished animals.

scholarly journals CLARITY-BPA: Bisphenol A or Propylthiouracil on Thyroid Function and Effects in the Developing Male and Female Rat Brain

Endocrinology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (8) ◽  
pp. 1771-1785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruby Bansal ◽  
R Thomas Zoeller
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Ethinyl Estradiol ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Developing Brain ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
End Points ◽  
Environmental Health Sciences

Abstract The CLARITY-BPA experiment, a large collaboration between the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, the National Toxicology Program, and the US Food and Drug Administration, is designed to test the effects of bisphenol A (BPA) on a variety of endocrine systems and end points. The specific aim of this subproject was to test the effect of BPA exposure on thyroid functions and thyroid hormone action in the developing brain. Timed-pregnant National Center for Toxicological Research Sprague-Dawley rats (strain code 23) were dosed by gavage with vehicle control (0.3% carboxymethylcellulose) or one of five doses of BPA [2.5, 25, 250, 2500, or 25,000 µg/kg body weight (bw) per day] or ethinyl estradiol (EE) at 0.05 or 0.50 µg/kg bw/d (n = 8 for each group) beginning on gestational day 6. Beginning on postnatal day (PND) 1 (day of birth is PND 0), the pups were directly gavaged with the same dose of vehicle, BPA, or EE. We also obtained a group of animals treated with 3 ppm propylthiouracil in the drinking water and an equal number of concordant controls. Neither BPA nor EE affected serum thyroid hormones or thyroid hormone‒sensitive end points in the developing brain at PND 15. In contrast, propylthiouracil (PTU) reduced serum T4 to the expected degree (80% reduction) and elevated serum TSH. Few effects of PTU were observed in the male brain and none in the female brain. As a result, it is difficult to interpret the negative effects of BPA on the thyroid in this rat strain because the thyroid system appears to respond differently from that of other rat strains.

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetics of Stereoisomeric Dipeptide Prodrugs of Acyclovir following Intravenous and Oral Administrations in Rats: A study Involving in vivo corneal Uptake of Acyclovir following Oral Dosing

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. OED.S2857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi S. Talluri ◽  
Ripal Gaudana ◽  
Sudharshan Hariharan ◽  
Ashim K. Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Oral Absorption ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Uptake Studies

Objective To delineate the plasma pharmacokinetics and determine the corneal uptake of valine based stereoisomeric dipeptide prodrugs of acyclovir (ACV) in rats. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used for the study. Pharmacokinetics of ACV, L-valine-acyclovir (LACV), L-valine-D-valine-acyclovir (LDACV) and D-valine-L-valine acyclovir (DLACV) prodrugs were delineated. These compounds were administered intravenously as a bolus via jugular vein cannula and orally by gavage. Samples were purified by protein precipitation method and analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Pertinent pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained by using WinNonlin. Corneal uptake studies of LDACV and LACV were studied following oral administration. Results Following i.v. administration, the area under the curve (AUC) in μM*min of generated ACV was in the order of LACV > LDACV > DLACV indicating their rate of metabolism. The AUC values of total drug obtained in the systemic circulation after oral administration LACV and LDACV were 1077.93 ± 236.09 and 1141.76 ± 73.67 μM*min, respectively. DLACV exhibited poor oral absorption. Cmax (μM) and AUC of the intact prodrug obtained in the systemic circulation following oral administration of LDACV were almost 4–5 times higher than LACV. Moreover, concentrations achieved in the cornea after oral administration of LDACV were almost two times of LACV. Conclusions LDACV increased both the oral bioavailability and subsequent in vivo corneal uptake of ACV Hence, LDACV can be considered as the most promising drug candidate for delivery of ACV, in treatment of both genital herpes and ocular herpes keratitis after oral administration.

scholarly journals Anti-infertility significance of aqueous extract of I pomoea batatas (L.) Lam. against exposure of bisphenol A (BPA) promoted testicular toxicity in male Sprague Dawley rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-271
Author(s):  
Rajendran Revathy ◽  
Kulanthaivel Langeswaran ◽  
Subbaraj Gowtham kumar ◽  
Shanmugam Vijayaprakash ◽  
Peranandam Tamilselvan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Testicular Toxicity ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Oral exposure to low-dose bisphenol A induces hyperplasia of dorsolateral prostate and upregulates EGFR expression in adult Sprague-Dawley rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 647-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuangshuang Wu ◽  
Dongyan Huang ◽  
Xin Su ◽  
Han Yan ◽  
Jianhui Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Signal Pathways ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sd Rats ◽  
Egfr Expression ◽  
Endocrine Hormone ◽  
Prostate Diseases

Prostate is sensitive to endocrine hormone level, and the synergetic effect of estrogen and androgen is critical in prostate growth. The change of signal pathways caused by the imbalance of estrogen and androgen might function in the occurrence of prostate diseases. As a well-known endocrine disruptor compound, bisphenol A (BPA) can disturb the normal function of endocrine hormone and affect prostate development. This study aims to investigate effects of BPA on the dorsolateral prostate (DLP) and the related gene expression of the tissue in adult Sprague- Dawley (SD) rats and to explore the mechanism for the effect of low-dose BPA on DLP hyperplasia. Three-month-old male SD rats were treated with BPA (10.0, 30.0, or 90.0 µg (kg.day)−1, gavage) or vehicle (gavage) for 4 weeks. BPA significantly increased the DLP weight, the DLP organ coefficient, and the prostate epithelium height ( p < 0.01) of rats dose-dependently. Microarray analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that BPA significantly upregulated the transcriptional levels of some genes, including pituitary tumor transforming gene 1, epidermal growth factor, Sh3kbp1, and Pcna. Furthermore, the expression of PCNA ( p < 0.01), androgen receptor ( p < 0.01), and EGF receptor (EGFR) ( p < 0.001) in DLP was increased significantly by BPA treatment, and the expression of estrogen receptor alpha was also upregulated. The findings evidenced that low-dose BPA could induce DLP hyperplasia in adult rats, and the upregulated EGF/EGFR pathway that was responsive to estrogen and androgen might play an essential role in the DLP hyperplasia induced by low-dose BPA.

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