scholarly journals Shea Nut Oil Extracts Enhance the Intra-Articular Sodium Hyaluronate Effectiveness on Surgically Induced OA Progression in Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 957
Author(s):  
Ing-Jung Chen ◽  
Chih-Shung Wong
Keyword(s):  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Joint Damage ◽  
Sodium Hyaluronate ◽  
Cartilage Degeneration ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Medial Meniscectomy ◽  
Surgically Induced

Osteoarthritis (OA) progression is associated with joint pain and stiffness. Intra-articular hyaluronic acid (IAHA) injection in knee OA restores the viscoelasticity of the joint and prevents cartilage damage. Shea nut oil extract (SNO) was shown to provide chondroprotection on surgically-induced OA progression in rats. Here we aim to examine IAHA injection supplemented with SNO diet for a synergetic evaluation on the disease progression in OA rats. We employed an anterior cruciate ligament transection plus medial meniscectomy-induced knee OA rat model with up to 12 weeks of sign/behavior observation (knee width, weight-bearing) and histological assessments of joint damage. We found both IAHA and SNO alone significantly attenuated histological changes of cartilage degeneration and synovial reactions in these knee OA rats. Nonetheless, oral SNO alone mitigated OA pain and inflammation while IAHA alone had no significant impact on the weight-bearing test and knee joint swelling. Moreover, with IAHA-treated rats fed with oral SNO diet, additional anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects were found, which further enhanced and maintained IAHA protection. Given the differential phenotype of oral SNO vs. IAHA, a regimen of IAHA coupled with SNO supplement provides a long-term effect of IAHA treatment. Taken together, the SNO supplement can be safely used as an adjuvant diet for chronic symptomatic relief of OA coupled with IAHA management.

scholarly journals Treadmill Exercise after Controlled Abnormal Joint Movement Inhibits Cartilage Degeneration and Synovitis

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Yuichiro Oka ◽  
Kenij Murata ◽  
Kaichi Ozone ◽  
Takuma Kano ◽  
Yuki Minegishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cartilage Degeneration ◽  
Research Society ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Safranin O ◽  
Walking Group

Cartilage degeneration is the main pathological component of knee osteoarthritis (OA), but no effective treatment for its control exists. Although exercise can inhibit OA, the abnormal joint movement with knee OA must be managed to perform exercise. Our aims were to determine how controlling abnormal joint movement and treadmill exercise can suppress cartilage degeneration, to analyze the tissues surrounding articular cartilage, and to clarify the effect of treatment. Twelve-week-old ICR mice (n = 24) underwent anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACL-T) surgery on their right knees and were divided into three groups as follows: ACL-T, animals in the walking group subjected to ACL-T; controlled abnormal joint movement (CAJM), and CAJM with exercise (CAJM + Ex) (n = 8/group). Walking-group animals were subjected to treadmill exercise 6 weeks after surgery, including walking for 18 m/min, 30 min/day, 3 days/week for 8 weeks. Safranin-O staining, hematoxylin-eosin staining, and immunohistochemical staining were performed. The OARSI (Osteoarthritis research Society international) score was lower in the CAJM group than in the ACL-T group and was even lower in the CAJM + Ex group. The CAJM group had a lower meniscal injury score than the ACL-T group, and the CAJM + Ex group demonstrated a less severe synovitis than the ACL-T and CAJM groups. The observed difference in the perichondrium tissue damage score depending on the intervention method suggests different therapeutic effects, that normalizing joint motion can solve local problems in the knee joint, and that the anti-inflammatory effect of treadmill exercise can suppress cartilage degeneration.

scholarly journals Rapamycin microparticles induce autophagy, prevent senescence and are effective in treatment of Osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaamini M Dhanabalan ◽  
Ameya A Dravid ◽  
Smriti Agarwal ◽  
Ramanath K Sharath ◽  
Ashok K Padmanabhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Chondrocytes ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Cartilage Degeneration ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Disease Modifying Drugs ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Sulphated Glycosaminoglycans

Trauma to the knee joint is associated with significant cartilage degeneration and erosion of subchondral bone, which eventually leads to osteoarthritis (OA), resulting in substantial morbidity and healthcare burden. With no disease-modifying drugs in clinics, the current standard of care focuses on symptomatic relief and viscosupplementation. Modulation of autophagy and targeting senescence pathways are emerging as potential treatment strategies. Rapamycin has shown promise in OA disease amelioration by autophagy upregulation, yet its clinical use is hindered by difficulties in achieving therapeutic concentrations, necessitating multiple weekly injections. Here, we have synthesized rapamycin - loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticles (RMPs) that induced autophagy, prevented senescence and sustained sulphated glycosaminoglycans(sGAG) production in primary human articular chondrocytes from OA patients. RMPs were potent, nontoxic, and exhibited high retention time (up to 35 days) in mice joints. Intra-articular delivery of RMPs effectively mitigated cartilage damage and inflammation in surgery-induced OA when administered as a prophylactic or therapeutic regimen. Together, our studies demonstrate the feasibility of using RMPs as a potential clinically translatable therapy to prevent and treat post-traumatic osteoarthritis.

Ultrasonography of the stifle

UK-Vet Equine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
Eddy R J Cauvin ◽  
Roger K W Smith
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Lateral Aspect ◽  
Subchondral Bone Cysts ◽  
Medial Femorotibial Joint ◽  
Femorotibial Joint

Stifle injuries are increasingly recognised as a major cause of hind limb lameness and commonly affect the soft tissues of the joint in adult horses, making ultrasonography a vital part of diagnostic imaging of this joint. This article aims to provide an introduction to stifle ultrasonography. To ensure comprehensive evaluation of the stifle, a systematic approach is necessary. The ultrasonographic examination is divided into five approaches: initially weight-bearing scans should be obtained of the cranial aspect (for the femoropatellar joint), medial aspect (for the medial femorotibial joint), and lateral aspect (for the lateral femorotibial joint), followed by flexed views from cranial (for the cranial aspect of the femorotibial joints) and, finally, in limited cases because pathology is rarer and the technique more demanding, weight-bearing views of the caudal aspect (for the caudal parts of both femorotibial joints). For the femoropatellar joint, ultrasound can be used to identify bruising (haematoma), injuries to the patellar ligaments, trochlear ridges (including osteochondrosis), and patella and tibial crest fractures. For the femorotibial joints, injuries to the menisci are the most common, but ultrasound can also identify rarer collateral and cruciate ligament injuries. and abnormalities of the weight-bearing surfaces of the femoral condyles, such as cartilage damage and subchondral bone cysts.

scholarly journals Impact of Controlling Abnormal Joint Movement on the Effectiveness of Subsequent Exercise Intervention in Mouse Models of Early Knee Osteoarthritis

Cartilage ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 194760351988500
Author(s):  
Yuichiro Oka ◽  
Kenji Murata ◽  
Takuma Kano ◽  
Kaichi Ozone ◽  
Kohei Arakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cartilage Degeneration ◽  
Research Society ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Osteoarthritis Research Society ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Safranin O

Objective Moderate mechanical stress is necessary for preserving the cartilage. The clinician empirically understands that prescribing only exercise will progress osteoarthritis (OA) for knee OA patients with abnormal joint movement. When prescribing exercise for OA, we hypothesized that degeneration of articular cartilage could be further prevented by combining interventions with the viewpoint of normalizing joint movement. Design Twelve-week-old ICR mice underwent anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACL-T) surgery in their right knee and divided into 4 groups: ACL-T, controlled abnormal joint movement (CAJM), ACL-T with exercise (ACL-T/Ex), CAJM with exercise (CAJM/Ex). Animals in the walking group were subjected to treadmill exercise 6 weeks after surgery, which included walking for 18 m/min, 30 min/d, 3 d/wk for 4 weeks. Joint instability was measured by anterior drawer test, and safranin-O staining and immunohistochemical staining were performed. Results OARSI (Osteoarthritis Research Society International) score of ACL-T/Ex group showed highest among 4 groups ( P < 0.001). And CAJM/Ex group was lower than ACL-T/Ex group. Positive cell ratio of IL-1β and MMP-13 in CAJM/Ex group was lower than ACL-T/Ex group ( P < 0.05). Conclusions We found that the state of the intra-articular environment can greatly influence the effect of exercise on cartilage degeneration, even if exercise is performed under the same conditions. In the CAJM/Ex group where joint movement was normalized, abnormal mechanical stress such as shear force and compression force accompanying ACL cutting was alleviated. These findings may highlight the need to consider an intervention to correct abnormal joint movement before prescribing physical exercise in the treatment of OA.

scholarly journals PARP-1 inhibition attenuates the inflammatory response in the cartilage of a rat model of osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 401-410
Author(s):  
Zili Liu ◽  
Honglin Wang ◽  
Shaoqian Wang ◽  
Jie Gao ◽  
Lei Niu
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Lentiviral Vector ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Medial Meniscectomy ◽  
Joint Width ◽  
Parp 1

Aims Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor has been reported to attenuate inflammatory response in rat models of inflammation. This study was designed to investigate the effect of PARP signalling in osteoarthritis (OA) cartilage inflammatory response in an OA rat model. Methods The OA model was established by anterior cruciate ligament transection with medial meniscectomy in Wistar rats. The poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) shRNA (short hairpin (sh)-PARP-1) and negative control shRNA (sh-NC) were delivered using a lentiviral vector and were intra-articularly injected into rats after surgery. The weight-bearing distribution of the hind limbs and the knee joint width were measured every two weeks. The expression levels of PARP-1, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in cartilage were determined using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot. The serum concentrations of inflammatory cytokines were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results PARP-1 expression level significantly increased in the cartilage of the established OA rat model. sh-PARP-1 treatment suppressed PARP-1 levels, decreased the Δ Force (the difference between the weight on ipsilateral limb and contralateral limb) and the knee joint width, inhibited cartilage matrix catabolic enzymes, and ameliorated OA cartilage degradation and attenuated inflammatory response. Conclusion PARP-1 inhibition attenuates OA cartilage inflammatory response in the OA rat model. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2021;10(7):401–410.

scholarly journals Effect of Fucoidan on Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection and Medial Meniscectomy Induced Osteoarthritis in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabri Sudirman ◽  
Alan Darmasaputra Ong ◽  
Heng-Wei Chang ◽  
Zwe-Ling Kong
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection ◽  
Medial Meniscectomy ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Osteoarthritis (OA) has become one of the most common disabilities among elders, especially in female. Obesity and mechanical injury causing OA are attributed to joint loading, cartilage disintegration, bone loss and inflammation as well. Several strategies used for treatment OA including non-pharmacological and pharmacological. Fucoidan possesses several bioactivities such as antitumor, antiviral, anticoagulation, anti-obesity, and immunomodulation. This study aims to investigate the effect of fucoidan in surgery-induced OA on diet-induced obesity rats. OA was induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection and partial medial meniscectomy (ACLT+MMx). Male SD rats were fed high-fat diet (HFD) for 4 weeks to induce obesity before ACLT+MMx to induce OA. OA rats were administered with intragastric water or fucoidan in three different concentrations (32 mg/kg, 64 mg/kg, and 320 mg/kg) after the surgeries for 40 days with HFD. We observed that the swelling in knee joint was alleviated and hind paw weight distribution was rectified after feeding fucoidan, with no significant effect on weight gain and feed intake. Fucoidan administration indicated no significant variation on HDL-Cholesterol level, but reduced plasma triglycerides and LDL-Cholesterol level. In addition, weight-bearing tests showed improvement in the fucoidan-treated group. Our results suggested that fucoidan may improve meniscal/ligamentous injury and obesity-induced OA.

scholarly journals Effect of Fucoidan on Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection and Medial Meniscectomy Induced Osteoarthritis in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabri Sudirman ◽  
Alan Darmasaputra Ong ◽  
Heng-Wei Chang ◽  
Zwe-Ling Kong
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection ◽  
Medial Meniscectomy ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Osteoarthritis (OA) has become one of the most common disabilities among elders, especially in female. Obesity and mechanical injury causing OA are attributed to joint loading, cartilage disintegration, bone loss and inflammation as well. Several strategies used for treatment OA including non-pharmacological and pharmacological. Fucoidan possesses several bioactivities such as antitumor, antiviral, anticoagulation, anti-obesity, and immunomodulation. This study aims to investigate the effect of fucoidan in surgery-induced OA on diet-induced obesity rats. OA was induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection and partial medial meniscectomy (ACLT+MMx). Male SD rats were fed high-fat diet (HFD) for 4 weeks to induce obesity before ACLT+MMx to induce OA. OA rats were administered with intragastric water or fucoidan in three different concentrations (32 mg/kg, 64 mg/kg, and 320 mg/kg) after the surgeries for 40 days with HFD. We observed that the swelling in knee joint was alleviated and hind paw weight distribution was rectified after feeding fucoidan, with no significant effect on weight gain and feed intake. Fucoidan administration indicated no significant variation on HDL-Cholesterol level, but reduced plasma triglycerides and LDL-Cholesterol level. In addition, weight-bearing tests showed improvement in the fucoidan-treated group. Our results suggested that fucoidan may improve meniscal/ligamentous injury and obesity-induced OA.

scholarly journals LncRNA CRNED Hinders The Progression of Osteoarthritis By Epigenetic Regulation of DACT1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziqi Zhang ◽  
Pei Yang ◽  
Chunsheng Wang ◽  
Run Tian
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Epigenetic Modification ◽  
Colorectal Neoplasia ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Cartilage Degeneration ◽  
Downstream Target ◽  
Age Related

Abstract Osteoarthritis (OA) is mainly characterized by articular cartilage degeneration, synovial fibrosis, and inflammation. LncRNA CRNED (colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed) has been reported to be down-regulated in age-related OA, but its role in injury-induced OA needs to be further explored. In this study, an OA rat model was established by using anterior cruciate ligament transection, and the adenovirus-mediated CRNED overexpression (Ad-CRNED) or DACT1 (dapper antagonist of catenin-1) interference (sh-DACT1) vectors were injected into the rat model via tail vein. Besides, chondrocyte‑like ATDC5 cells were treated with IL-1β (10 ng/mL) to simulate OA conditions in vitro. We found that overexpression of CRNED alleviated cartilage damage and synovitis in OA rats, and suppressed IL-1β-induced apoptosis, inflammation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in chondrocyte‑like ATDC5 cells, while silencing DACT1 effectively antagonized the protective effect of CRNED both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanism studies revealed that DACT1 could act as a downstream target of CRNED. By recruiting p300, CRNED promoted the enrichment of H3K27ac in the DACT1 promoter, thus promoting DACT1 transcription. In addition, CRNED hindered the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in IL-1β-stimulated cells by inducing DACT1 expression. In conclusion, CRNED promoted DACT1 expression through epigenetic modification and restrained the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling to impede the progression of OA.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Gait Analysis Can Shed New Light on Walking in Patients with Haemophilia

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Lobet ◽  
Christine Detrembleur ◽  
Firas Massaad ◽  
Cedric Hermans
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Joint Damage ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Metabolic Energy

In patients with haemophilia (PWH) (from Greek “blood love”), the long-term consequences of repeated haemarthrosis include cartilage damage and irreversible arthropathy, resulting in severe impairments in locomotion. Quantifying the extent of joint damage is therefore important in order to prevent disease progression and compare the efficacy of treatment strategies. Musculoskeletal impairments in PWH may stem from structural and functional abnormalities, which have traditionally been evaluated radiologically or clinically. However, these examinations are performed in a supine position (i.e., non-weight-bearing condition). We therefore suggest three-dimensional gait analysis (3DGA) as an innovative approach designed to focus on the functional component of the joint during the act of walking. This is of the utmost importance, as pain induced by weight-bearing activities influences the functional performance of the arthropathic joints significantly. This review endeavors to improve our knowledge of the biomechanical consequences of multiple arthropathies on gait pattern in adult patients with haemophilia using 3DGA. In PWH with arthropathy, the more the joint function was altered, the more the metabolic energy was consumed. 3DGA analysis could highlight the effect of an orthopedic disorder in PWH during walking. Indeed, mechanical and metabolic impairments were correlated to the progressive loss of active mobility into the joints.

scholarly journals Comparison of early-stage changes of osteoarthritis in cartilage and subchondral bone between two different rat models

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutao Yang ◽  
Peiran Li ◽  
Songsong Zhu ◽  
Ruiye Bi
Keyword(s):  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Cartilage Degeneration ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Bone Change ◽  
Subchondral Bone Change

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease and the major cause of joint pain and disability in the elderly. It is mainly characterized by articular cartilage degradation and subchondral bone remodeling. There are two main types of OA: natural occurring OA and secondary OA, mainly associated with aging and trauma, respectively. In this study, we established two OA models in rat knee joints to simulate the two types of OA, using the type II collagenase injection (CI) and anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT), respectively. After intervention for 2–6 weeks, cartilage and subchondral bone changes were detected in histological staining, immunochemistry, and micro-CT. Results showed that both models with typical pathology changes of OA were successfully induced, while the development and severity of OA process in the models were different. In ACLT rats, the cartilage damage was milder, lasted for a shorter time, and subchondral bone reconstruction occurred earlier, compared with the changes in CI rats. The cartilage damage was secondary to subchondral bone change in ACLT rats, while subchondral bone change was secondary to cartilage degeneration in CI rats. In conclusion, the interaction between cartilage and subchondral bone is different between the natural-occurring and secondary OA models. These two models not only suggest potential different mechanisms of the two types of OA, but also provide new directions for OA treatment and prevention.

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