scholarly journals The Possibility of Suppression of Increased Postprandial Blood Glucose Levels by Gamma-Polyglutamic Acid-Rich Natto in the Early Phase after Eating: A Randomized Crossover Pilot Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risa Araki ◽  
Keiko Fujie ◽  
Nanako Yuine ◽  
Yuta Watabe ◽  
Kazushi Maruo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Polyglutamic Acid ◽  
Meal Test ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Test Study ◽  
Significant Difference

The natto containing high levels of gamma-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) was recently developed. We investigated the effect of γ-PGA-rich natto consumption on postprandial glycemic excursion in humans. A randomized crossover meal test study was performed on healthy volunteers aged 20–64 years using the following test meals: (1) white rice (WR), (2) low-γ-PGA natto meal (WR + low-γ-PGA natto), and (3) high-γ-PGA natto meal (WR + high-γ-PGA natto). Blood samples were obtained at each visit before and for 120 min after loading. The incremental area under the curve (IAUC) of blood glucose and insulin levels was calculated and compared among the test meals. The blood glucose’s IAUC at 0–120 min, the primary endpoint, was 20.1% and 15.4% lower for the high- and low-γ-PGA natto meal than for the WR, with a significant difference only between the high-γ-PGA natto meal and WR (p < 0.05). The blood glucose’s IAUC at 0–15, 0–30, and 0–45 min was lower for the high-γ-PGA natto meal than for the low-γ-PGA natto meal (all p < 0.05). The possibility that high-γ-PGA natto might suppress blood glucose elevations in the early phase after eating is indicated.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF AEROBIC EXERCISES AND RESISTANCE TRAINING ON GLUCOSE LEVELS IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC SUBJECTS.

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
Aishwarya Pramod Benkar ◽  
Smita Bhimrao Kanase
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of death and disability in the world and its prevalence is predicted to rise to 10% by 2030. Hence, this study is conducted with objectives to find out the effect of aerobic exercises and resisted exercises on blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects and to compare the effect of both exercises on blood glucose level.Method: The comparative study was conducted at Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed University, Physiotherapy department, Karad. 30 participants with age group between 30 and 65 years were taken. Subjects were selected as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. Group A (15) participants were given aerobic exercise on static bicycle, and Group B (15) participants were given resistance training using dumbbells and weight cuffs for 5 days/week for 4 weeks. Diet recommendations were given to every participant.Results: Statistical analysis was performed using paired and unpaired t-test. Analysis showed statistically extremely significant difference in fasting blood glucose level and postprandial blood glucose level in both the groups (p≤0.0001).Conclusion: Thus, this study concludes that both aerobic exercises and resistance training prove to be beneficial in controlling blood glucose levels in T2DM subjects.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic Effects of NRDT50, the Enzyme Composition for Regulating Sugar Metabolism, in Db/db Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A317-A317
Author(s):  
Daham Kim ◽  
Cheol Ryong Ku ◽  
Jung Seung Kim ◽  
Jihwan Hwang ◽  
Yoon Hee Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
The Body ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Meal Test ◽  
Mixed Meal ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Mixed Meal Test ◽  
Antidiabetic Effects

Abstract Objective: The enzyme composition (NRDT50) which includes glucosyl transferase, fructosyl transferase, amylase, glucose oxidase, and catalase can regulate the absorption of glucose into the body by converting the carbohydrates in food to a form of sugar that is not absorbed in the stomach before being decomposed in the small intestine into glucose. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antidiabetic effects of repeated oral administration of NRDT50 in db/db mice. Methods: The 7-week-old db/db mice were divided into 3 groups; control, NRDT50 (300mg/kg/day), and voglibose (0.3mg/kg/day). Mice received a standard diet containing drugs for 1 month. Fasting and postprandial glucose level was measured every week. Mixed meal test, biochemical assays, and fecal microbiota analysis were performed. Results: There were no significant differences in body weight or food intake between the three groups. However, NRDT50 treatment led to a significant reduction in fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels compared to control after 3, 4 weeks. The blood glucose levels during the mixed meal test were significantly lower in NRDT50 group compared to control group. NRDT50 treatment reduced triglyceride level, tend to reduce LDL level, and increased relative Bacteroidetes-Firmicutes ratio. NRDT50 treatment did not demonstrate any negative side effects on biochemical and histopathological examination. Conclusion: NRDT50 is expected to be useful for people who are at risk of hyperglycemia or diabetes and thus need to regulate blood sugar with safe. It may also improve the gut microbiota profile by inducing the production of oligosaccharides in the alimentary tract.

scholarly journals Pengaruh lama mengunyah terhadap kadar glukosa postprandial dewasa obesitas

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Arin Wulansari ◽  
Fryta Ameilia Luthfinnisa ◽  
Fuadah Uyun ◽  
Dwi Retnoningrum ◽  
Fifin Luthfia Rahmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Glucose Testing ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Cephalic Phase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: Obesity cause various physiological changes in the body, one of which is insulin resistance causes high blood glucose levels. Chewing is a stimulus of cephalic phase responses and sensory stimulation that can increase hormones releasing such as insulin, ghrelin, cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Chewing plays important role in determining postprandial plasma glucose concentration.Objective: Investigate the effect of chewing on postprandial blood glucose in obese adults.Method: This was true experimental research. Research subjects were treated in the form of chewing 22 times and 40 times each mouthful. Blood glucose levels were measured using glucometer on fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 120 minutes. Statistical test using Independent t-test.Results: The mean postprandial glucose levels in the 22 chews group at 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 120 minutes were 112.11 ± 14.3328, 126.11 ± 15.667, 116.94 ± 15.539, and 89.67 ± 11.668 . While the mean postprandial blood glucose levels in the 40 chews group at 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 120 minutes were 122.22 ± 14.381, 129.61 ± 15.112, 109.50 ± 14.995, and 85.83 ± 13.963. There were statistically significant differences between chewing groups 22 times and chewing 40 times on fasting blood glucose and 15 minutes postprandial blood glucose (p = 0.041 and p = 0.042), while on 30 minutes postprandial glucose testing, 60 minutes , and 120 minutes there was no significant difference (p> 0.05).Conclusion: There was significant differences in 15 minutes postprandial blood glucose level between group 22 times chewing and 40 times chewing each mouthful.

scholarly journals Black tea decreases postprandial blood glucose levels in healthy humans and contains high-molecular-weight polyphenols that inhibit α-glucosidase and α-amylase in vitro: a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Yoshikazu Isono ◽  
Hisako Watanabe ◽  
Masafumi Kumada ◽  
Tsuyoshi Takara ◽  
Shin-ichiro Iio
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Background: To prevent diabetes, it is important to control postprandial glycemic levels. Studies have suggested that consuming black tea decreases the risk of type 2 diabetes; however, only a few studies have examined the effects of black tea on postprandial glycemic control after consuming starch-rich foods. In addition, the mechanism underlying the suppression of postprandial glucose levels remains unclear.Objective: To investigate the effects of black tea on postprandial blood glucose levels in healthy humans and to identify the components of black tea that inhibit digestive enzymes.Methods: The inhibitory activity of black tea on digestive enzymes was measured, and the inhibitory components were fractionated. Healthy Japanese adults ingested 200 ml of black tea, and its effect on postprandial blood glucose and insulin levels were investigated. Results: Black tea dose-dependently inhibited α-glucosidase, sucrase, and α-amylase activity. The major components responsible for this inhibition were high–molecular-weight polyphenols. The galloyl moieties present in these compounds play an important role in their inhibitory activities. Two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover studies of healthy human subjects (total n = 46) were conducted to investigate the effect of black tea on blood glucose and insulin levels. Combined data from the two studies showed that black tea ingestion (200 mL) after cooked rice intake (200 g) significantly reduced the incremental area under the curve of glucose (P =.024) and insulin (P =.014) compared to placebo drink.Conclusions: The high–molecular-weight polyphenols in black tea inhibited α-glucosidase, sucrase, and α-amylase activity in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, black tea ingestion after eating cooked rice significantly reduced the incremental area under the curve of glucose and insulin. These effects of black tea could be attributed to the inhibition of digestive enzymes by high–molecular-weight polyphenols containing galloyl groups.Keywords: black tea, blood glucose, α-glucosidase, α-amylase, polyphenol

scholarly journals Effect of Powdered Beverages Containing Pu-erh Tea Extract on Postprandial Blood Glucose Levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 532
Author(s):  
Ryuji Takeda ◽  
Yumiko Furuno ◽  
Shigeru Imai ◽  
Yumiko Ide ◽  
Danyong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Lower Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Cooked Rice ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Lower Blood ◽  
Tea Extract

Objective: The current study aimed to examine the effect of a single ingestion of a beveragecontaining Pu-erh tea extract (Pu-erh tea polyphenol 32.48mg, eq. gallic acid) on postprandialblood glucose levels through a comparison using a crossover test.Method: A total of 20 participants, of which 10 were men and 10 were women, aged between 29 and 64 years were instructed to ingest beverages containing Pu-erh tea extract or placebo beverages at the same time as load food (in addition to cooked rice). Their blood glucose levels were measured before and 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after ingestion.Results: In phases I and II of the trial, three participants who had large differences in the quantity of the ingested food on the day before the trial were removed from the study. Finally, the analysis was conducted on 17 participants. Result showed that the group who ingested the beverage containing Pu-erh tea extract had significantly lower blood glucose levels than the group who consumed the placebo beverage 60, 90, and 120 min after ingestion. In terms of the amount of variation before ingestion, the group who ingested beverages with Pu-erh tea extracts had significantly lower blood glucose levels than the group who consumed the placebo beverage 60, 90, and 120 min after ingestion. In terms of area under the curve (AUC) and increase in the area under the curve (IAUC) for blood glucose levels with some variations, the time it took for the participants to consume the trial beverage compared with the placebo beverage was significantl lower.Conclusion: Beverages containing Pu-erh tea extract were found to be effective in suppressingthe increase in postprandial blood glucose levels after being loaded with cooked rice.Keywords: Pu-erh tea, postprandial blood glucose, cooked rice, type 2 diabetes

scholarly journals Gamma-Polyglutamic Acid-Rich Natto Suppresses Postprandial Blood Glucose Response in the Early Phase after Meals: A Randomized Crossover Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2374
Author(s):  
Risa Araki ◽  
Takeshi Yamada ◽  
Kazushi Maruo ◽  
Akihiro Araki ◽  
Rena Miyakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Polyglutamic Acid ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Glucose Response ◽  
The Difference

We evaluated the suppressive effects of high-gamma-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) natto on postprandial blood glucose level and insulin response. After confirming the eligibility of candidates using a pre-selective test with packaged white rice, a meal loading test including low- or high-γ-PGA natto (with 57.6 mg (LPGA) and 439.6 mg (HPGA) of γ-PGA, respectively) was conducted in men aged 20 to 70 years (n = 29) and postmenopausal women aged ≤70 years (n = 7). On each examination day, blood samples were obtained after they fasted overnight and for 120 min after test meal loading. The primary outcome of this study was the difference between the measurements of the incremental area under the curve (IAUC) for blood glucose 0 to 30 min after loading of LPGA and HPGA meals. The IAUCs for blood glucose and insulin after the HPGA meal were lower than those after the LPGA meal within 45 min (0 to 15 and 0 to 30 min: p < 0.001, 0 to 45 min: p < 0.01) and 1 h (all p < 0.001) of loading, respectively. The suppressive effects of HPGA natto on postprandial glucose response in the early phase, which possibly relates to the risk of dysglycemia and cardiovascular disease, were clarified.

Carbohydrate metabolism of mice exposed to simulated changes in gravity

1964 ◽  
Vol 207 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiro Oyama ◽  
William T. Platt
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Critical Function ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Glycogen Deposition ◽  
Adrenal Corticosterone

Unrestrained mice were centrifuged for varying periods ranging from 0.5 to 10 hr at 2.5, 5, and 10 x gravity. Liver glycogen and blood glucose levels increased significantly depending on the g load and exposure time. Adrenalectomy completely abolished the glycogen deposition response. The glycogen response was a critical function of the age of mice; unweaned mice did not respond. Blood corticosterone increased significantly prior to the deposition of glycogen. Centrifuged fed mice deposited three times the amount of glycogen of fasted mice. There was no significant difference in the amount of glycogen deposited in centrifuged mice previously starved for 1, 2, or 3 days. It is concluded that the increased glycogen deposited following centrifugation is effected by an increased elaboration of adrenal corticosterone.

The Effect of Yacon Leaf Powder (Smallanthus Sonchifolius) on White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Blood Glucose Levels with High Sugar Diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-220
Author(s):  
Thatit Nurmawati ◽  
Sandi Alfa Wiga Arsa ◽  
Nawang Wulandari ◽  
Agus Saparudin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Smallanthus Sonchifolius ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Treatment Dose ◽  
Significant Difference

Maintaining a lifestyle can reduce the incidence of DM (diabetes mellitus). DM occurs due to insulin disorders so that blood glucose levels increase, which can lead to various complications. The management of blood glucose levels by activating the insulin function can be done by using natural ingredients such as the Yakon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) plant. Yakon leaves contain phenol which can reduce blood glucose. The design of this study was experimental with a pre-posttest approach with control-group design, using male and healthy white rats (Rattus norvegicus). Rats were divided into 3 groups, treatment dose 1, treatment dose 2 and control. The rats were given a high carbohydrate diet during 9 weeks to make the rats hyperglycemic. In the treatment group, dose 1 was 150 mg/kg BW, dose 2 was 300 mg kg BW, and was given for 3 days. The results showed that the rats in the treatment group dose 1 had decreased in the average blood sugar level of 114.10 mg / dl (p 0.002) and dose 2 was 105.27 mg / dl (p 0.005). This showed that there was an effect of treatments on blood sugar levels. The comparison results showed that there was a significant difference between the dose 1, the dose 2 group and the control (Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.001 (α) = 0.05). There was no significant difference in the treatment group dose 1 and treatment dose 2 (Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.693, (α) = 0.05). Yakon leaves can be used alternative to lower to control blood glucose levels in rats receiving a high-carbohydrate diet

scholarly journals Evaluation of the impact of orally administered carbohydrates on postprandial blood glucose levels in different pre-clinical models

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 761-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Any de Castro Ruiz Marques ◽  
Fabiana Percinoto Monteiro Schiavon ◽  
Patricia Batista Travassos ◽  
Vanessa Fontana Eik ◽  
Guilherme Godoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Clinical Models ◽  
The Impact
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