scholarly journals Maternal Diet During Pregnancy and Blood Cadmium Concentrations in an Observational Cohort of British Women

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 904
Author(s):  
Caroline M. Taylor ◽  
Rita Doerner ◽  
Kate Northstone ◽  
Katarzyna Kordas
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Varied Diet ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽  
The Uk

Few studies have investigated the extent to which diet predicts body Cd concentrations among women of reproductive age, and pregnant women in particular. The aim of this study was to examine diet as a predictor of blood Cd concentrations in pregnant women participating in the UK Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Whole blood samples were analysed for Cd (median 0.26 (IQR 0.14–0.54) µg/L). Dietary pattern scores were derived from principal components analysis of data from a food frequency questionnaire. Associations between dietary pattern scores and foods/food groups with blood Cd ≥ median value were identified using adjusted logistic regression (n = 2169 complete cases). A health conscious dietary pattern was associated with a reduced likelihood of B-Cd ≥0.26 µg/l (OR 0.56 (95% CI 0.39–0.81)). There were similarly reduced likelihoods for all leafy green and green vegetables (0.72 (0.56–0.92) when consumed ≥4 times/week vs ≤1 to ≥3 times/week) and with all meats (0.66 (0.46–0.95) when consumed ≥4 times/week vs ≤ once in 2 weeks). Sensitivity analysis excluding smokers showed similar results. The evidence from this study provides continued support for a healthy and varied diet in pregnancy, incorporating foods from all food groups in accordance with national recommendations, without the need for specific guidance.

Inadequate Dietary Intakes: Among Pregnant Women

2012 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer K. Fowler ◽  
Susan E. Evers ◽  
M. Karen Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Prenatal Health ◽  
Canadian City ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Health Project

Purpose: Eating behaviours were assessed among pregnant women in a mid-sized Canadian city. Methods: As part of the Prenatal Health Project, we interviewed 2313 pregnant women in London, Ontario. Subjects also completed a food frequency questionnaire. Recruitment took place in ultrasound clinics at 10 to 22 weeks of gestation. The main outcome measures were number of daily servings for each food group, measured against the minimum number recommended by the 2007 Eating Well with Canada’s Food Guide (CFG), the proportion of women consuming the recommended number of servings for each and all of the four food groups, and factors associated with adequate consumption. We also determined the number of servings of “other foods.” Analysis included descriptive statistics and logistic regression, all at p<0.05. Results: A total of 3.5% of women consumed the recommended number of servings for all four food groups; 15.3% did not consume the minimum number of servings of foods for any of the four food groups. Women for whom this was their first pregnancy were less likely to consume the recommended number of servings from all four food groups (odds ratio=0.41; confidence interval=0.23, 0.74). Conclusions: Very few pregnant women consumed food group servings consistent with the 2007 recommendations. Strategies to improve dietary behaviours must focus on the establishment of healthy eating behaviours among women of reproductive age.

scholarly journals Dietary intake and age at natural menopause: results from the UK Women’s Cohort Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 733-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yashvee Dunneram ◽  
Darren Charles Greenwood ◽  
Victoria J Burley ◽  
Janet E Cade
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Natural Menopause ◽  
Age At Menopause ◽  
Oily Fish ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Study Participants

BackgroundAge at natural menopause is a matter of concern for women of reproductive age as both an early or late menopause may have implications for health outcomes.MethodsStudy participants were women aged 40–65 years who had experienced a natural menopause from the UK Women’s Cohort Study between baseline and first follow-up. Natural menopause was defined as the permanent cessation of menstrual periods for at least 12 consecutive months. A food frequency questionnaire was used to estimate diet at baseline. Reproductive history of participants was also recorded. Regression modelling, adjusting for confounders, was used to assess associations between diet and age at natural menopause.ResultsDuring the 4-year follow-up period, 914 women experienced a natural menopause. A high intake of oily fish and fresh legumes were associated with delayed onset of natural menopause by 3.3 years per portion/day (99% CI 0.8 to 5.8) and 0.9 years per portion/day (99% CI 0.0 to 1.8), respectively. Refined pasta and rice was associated with earlier menopause (per portion/day: −1.5 years, 99% CI −2.8 to −0.2). A higher intake of vitamin B6 (per mg/day: 0.6 years, 99% CI 0.1 to 1.2) and zinc (per mg/day: 0.3 years, 99% CI −0.0 to 0.6) was also associated with later age at menopause. Stratification by age at baseline led to attenuated results.ConclusionOur results suggest that some food groups (oily fish, fresh legumes, refined pasta and rice) and specific nutrients are individually predictive of age at natural menopause.

scholarly journals Dietary Patterns Are Not Consistently Associated with Variability in Blood Lead Concentrations in Pregnant British Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 149 (6) ◽  
pp. 1027-1036
Author(s):  
Caroline M Taylor ◽  
Rita Doerner ◽  
Kate Northstone ◽  
Katarzyna Kordas
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
In Pregnancy

ABSTRACT Background During pregnancy lead crosses the placenta freely and can have adverse effects on the fetus, with the potential for lifelong impact on the child. Identification of dietary patterns and food groups in relation to measures of lead status could provide a more useful alternative to nutrient-specific advice to minimize fetal lead exposure. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate whether dietary patterns and food groups are associated with blood lead concentration (B-Pb) in pregnancy. Design Whole blood samples were collected at a median of 11 wk gestation (IQR 9–13 wk) from women enrolled in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children birth cohort study, and analyzed for lead. Dietary pattern scores were derived from principal components analysis of a food-frequency questionnaire (32 wk gestation). Associations of dietary pattern scores (quartiles), and of food groups (frequency of consumption), with the likelihood of B-Pb ≥5 µg/dL identified with adjusted logistic regression (n = 2167 complete cases). Results There was a negative association between the “confectionery” dietary pattern and the likelihood of B-Pb ≥5 µg/dL (OR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.41, 0.94) in an adjusted model. There were no associations with other dietary patterns. There was a positive association between the food group “all leafy green and green vegetables” and the likelihood of B-Pb ≥5 µg/dL (OR 1.45; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.01). Conversely, the food group “cakes and biscuits” was negatively associated (OR 0.63; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.93). After multiple imputation, there was a positive association of the “healthy” diet pattern and no association of the “confectionery” pattern. Conclusions We found limited evidence of an association between women's typical diet and B-Pb during pregnancy. Our findings do not indicate need to revise dietary guidance for pregnant women, who are advised to adopt a healthy diet in pregnancy, with a variety of foods consumed in moderation.

scholarly journals Maternal dietary patterns and associated nutrient intakes during each trimester of pregnancy

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciara A McGowan ◽  
Fionnuala M McAuliffe
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
Nutrient Intakes

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the main dietary patterns of pregnant women during each of the three trimesters of pregnancy and to examine associated nutrient intakes.DesignParticipants completed a 3 d food diary during each trimester of pregnancy. Thirty-six food groups were created and dietary patterns were derived using k-means cluster analysis.SettingNational Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.SubjectsTwo hundred and eighty-five healthy pregnant women aged between 20 and 41 years.ResultsTwo dietary patterns were identified at each time point. They were labelled ‘Unhealthy’ (n 143, 150 and 155 at trimester 1, 2 and 3, respectively) and ‘Health Conscious’ (n 142, 135 and 130 at trimester 1, 2 and 3, respectively). Women in the ‘Health Conscious’ cluster were significantly older, had lower BMI and were higher educated than those in the ‘Unhealthy’ cluster. Of those in the ‘Unhealthy’ cluster in the first trimester (n 143), 103 (72·0 %) continued in this dietary pattern into trimester 2 and eighty-one (56·6 %) continued into trimester 3. Of those in the ‘Health Conscious’ cluster in trimester 1 (n 142), ninety-five (66·9 %) continued in this dietary pattern into trimester 2 and sixty-nine (48·6 %) continued into trimester 3.ConclusionsCluster analysis produced two clearly defined dietary patterns at each stage of pregnancy. Knowledge of maternal dietary patterns is important for the development of pregnancy-specific dietary guidelines. Identifying women with an ‘Unhealthy’ dietary pattern in early pregnancy affords the opportunity for a dietary intervention which may positively impact both maternal and infant health.

scholarly journals Do the Dietary Intakes of Pregnant Women Attending Public Hospital Antenatal Clinics Align with Australian Guide to Healthy Eating Recommendations?

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaylee Slater ◽  
Megan E. Rollo ◽  
Zoe Szewczyk ◽  
Lee Ashton ◽  
Tracy Schumacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
South Wales

The maternal diet influences the long-term health status of both mother and offspring. The current study aimed to compare dietary intakes of pregnant women compared to food and nutrient recommendations in the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating (AGHE) and Nutrient Reference Values (NRVs). Usual dietary intake was assessed in a sample of women in their 3rd trimester of pregnancy attending antenatal outpatient clinics at John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales (NSW). Dietary intake was measured using the Australian Eating Survey, a validated, semi-quantitative 120-item food frequency questionnaire. Daily food group servings and nutrient intakes were compared to AGHE and NRV targets. Of 534 women participating, none met the AGHE recommendations for all food groups. Highest adherence was for fruit serves (38%), and lowest for breads and cereals (0.6%). Only four women met the pregnancy NRVs for folate, iron, calcium, zinc and fibre from food alone. Current dietary intakes of Australian women during pregnancy do not align with national nutrition guidelines. This highlights the importance of routine vitamin and mineral supplementation during pregnancy, as intakes from diet alone may commonly be inadequate. Future revisions of dietary guidelines and pregnancy nutrition recommendations should consider current dietary patterns. Pregnant women currently need more support to optimise food and nutrient intakes.

185 Associations between Diet and Sleep Health in the UK Biobank Study

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A75-A75
Author(s):  
Piril Hepsomali ◽  
John Groeger
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Fibre Intake ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Healthy Dietary Pattern

Abstract Introduction It is well known that the prevalence of clinical and subclinical sleep issues is quite high, with a great economic and social burden on the society. As it is expected that the numbers of people suffering from clinical and subclinical sleep problems will increase in the coming years, new primary and/or complementary methods to improve and prevent poor sleep health across the population are urgently needed. In the current study, we aimed to conduct the largest investigation of diet and sleep health to date, through systematically examining the UK Biobank (UKB) data to find out whether diet quality and food groups play a role on sleep health. Methods This cross-sectional population-based study involved 502,494 participants. UKB food frequency and sleep questionnaires at baseline were used. Also, healthy diet, healthy sleep, and partial fibre intake scores were created. ANCOVA and regression models were used to examine the associations of healthy diet and dietary fibre intake scores with sleep health. Adjusted models included age, sex, BMI, and mental health symptomatology. Results We showed that both healthy diet and high partial fibre intake scores were associated with increased healthy sleep scores. Also, higher intakes of vegetables, fruits, fish, and unprocessed red meat were found to be associated with increased healthy sleep scores. On the other hand, processed meat intake was inversely associated with sleep health. Conclusion A healthy dietary pattern, and food groups (vegetables, fruits, fish, water) and nutrients (fibre) that are consumed as a part of a healthy dietary pattern were associated with better sleep health. Further work is needed to identify underlying mechanisms behind the impact of diet on sleep health. Support (if any) Acknowledgements: This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank Resource under Application Number ‘61818’. Funding: Funds received from Unilever UK Central Resources Limited to cover application fees.

Cost-effectiveness of a Vitamin D supplementation programme in pregnant women and children to prevent rickets in the UK

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilius Floreskul ◽  
Fatima Juma ◽  
Anjali Daniel ◽  
Imran Zamir ◽  
Zulf Mughal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
The Uk

scholarly journals Impact of Adopting Improved Seeds on Access to Broader Food Groups Among Small-Scale Sorghum Producers in Tanzania

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824402097999
Author(s):  
Aloyce R. Kaliba ◽  
Anne G. Gongwe ◽  
Kizito Mazvimavi ◽  
Ashagre Yigletu
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Inverse Probability Weighting ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Probability Weighting ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Inverse Probability ◽  
Double Robust

In this study, we use double-robust estimators (i.e., inverse probability weighting and inverse probability weighting with regression adjustment) to quantify the effect of adopting climate-adaptive improved sorghum varieties on household and women dietary diversity scores in Tanzania. The two indicators, respectively, measure access to broader food groups and micronutrient and macronutrient availability among children and women of reproductive age. The selection of sample households was through a multistage sampling technique, and the population was all households in the sorghum-producing regions of Central, Northern, and Northwestern Tanzania. Before data collection, enumerators took part in a 1-week training workshop and later collected data from 822 respondents using a structured questionnaire. The main results from the study show that the adoption of improved sorghum seeds has a positive effect on both household and women dietary diversity scores. Access to quality food groups improves nutritional status, food security adequacy, and general welfare of small-scale farmers in developing countries. Agricultural projects that enhance access to improved seeds are, therefore, likely to generate a positive and sustainable effect on food security and poverty alleviation in sorghum-producing regions of Tanzania.

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