scholarly journals Parental Concerns about Child and Adolescent Caffeinated Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake and Perceived Barriers to Reducing Consumption

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison C. Sylvetsky ◽  
Amanda J. Visek ◽  
Catherine Turvey ◽  
Sabrina Halberg ◽  
Jamie R. Weisenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Parental Concerns ◽  
High Sugar Content ◽  
Widespread Availability

Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption contributes to obesity and chronic disease. SSB intake in children and adolescents remains well above recommendations and reducing intake is challenging. In addition to high sugar content, SSBs are the predominant source of caffeine among youth. However, whether caffeine in SSBs presents unique barriers to reducing consumption is unknown. Herein, we examine parental concerns about child caffeinated-SSB (CSSB) intake and describe parent-reported barriers to lowering their child’s consumption. In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with 21 parents of children and adolescents 8–17 years of age. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were coded using Nvivo™, and key themes were identified. Most parents expressed concern about child CSSB consumption, primarily with regard to dietary (e.g., excess sugar), health (e.g., obesity, diabetes) and/or behavioral (e.g., hyperactivity) consequences of frequent intake. Several key barriers to CSSB restriction were reported, encompassing six emergent themes: widespread availability and accessibility; child non-compliance when asked not to drink CSSBs; peer and cultural influences; negative child response to CSSB restriction; family eating behaviors; and, child preferences for CSSBs versus other beverages. Consideration of these barriers, along with the development of novel approaches to address these challenges, will likely bolster success in interventions aimed at reducing CSSB intake among children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Reformulation of Packaged Foods and Beverages in the Colombian Food Supply

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3260
Author(s):  
Caitlin M. Lowery ◽  
Mercedes Mora-Plazas ◽  
Luis Fernando Gómez ◽  
Barry Popkin ◽  
Lindsey Smith Taillie
Keyword(s):  
Food Supply ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Policy Debate ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Public Discussion ◽  
Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Packaged Foods

Public discussion, advocacy, and legislative consideration of policies aimed at reducing consumption of processed foods, such as sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes and mandatory front-of-package (FOP) warning labels, may stimulate product reformulation as a strategy to prevent regulation. In Colombia, there have been major legislative pushes for SSB taxes and FOP labels, although neither has passed to date. In light of the ongoing policy debate and successful implementation of similar policies in Peru and Chile, we explored manufacturer reformulation in the Colombian food supply. We compared the quantities of nutrients of concern (including sugar, sodium, and saturated fat) from the nutrition facts panels of the same 102 packaged foods and 36 beverages from the top-selling brands in Colombia between 2016 and 2018. Our analyses showed a substantial decrease in median sugar content of beverages, from 9.2 g per 100 mL to 5.2 g per 100 mL, and an increase in the percentage of beverages containing non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS), from 33% to 64% (p = 0.003). No meaningful changes in the quantities of nutrients of concern among foods were observed. Our findings suggest little reformulation has occurred in Colombia in the absence of mandatory policies, except for the substitution of sugar with NNS among beverages.

scholarly journals Health Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Volume, Tiered, and Absolute Sugar Content Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax Policies in the United States

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (6) ◽  
pp. 523-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujin Lee ◽  
Dariush Mozaffarian ◽  
Stephen Sy ◽  
Junxiu Liu ◽  
Parke E. Wilde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
The United States ◽  
Quality Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Health Gains ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Quality Adjusted Life

Background: Sugar-sweetened beverage taxes are a rapidly growing policy tool and can be based on absolute volume, sugar content tiers, or absolute sugar content. Yet, their comparative health and economic impacts have not been quantified, in particular, tiered or sugar content taxes that provide industry incentives for sugar reduction. Methods: We estimated incremental changes in diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, quality-adjusted life-years, costs, and cost-effectiveness of 3 sugar-sweetened beverage tax designs in the United States, on the basis of (1) volume ($0.01/oz), (2) tiers (<5 g of added sugar/8 oz: no tax; 5–20 g/8 oz: $0.01/oz; and >20 g/8 oz: $0.02/oz), and (3) absolute sugar content ($0.01 per teaspoon added sugar), each compared with a base case of modest ongoing voluntary industry reformulation. A validated microsimulation model, CVD-PREDICT (Cardiovascular Disease Policy Model for Risk, Events, Detection, Interventions, Costs, and Trends), incorporated national demographic and dietary data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, policy effects and sugar-sweetened beverage-related diseases from meta-analyses, and industry reformulation and health-related costs from established sources. Results: Over a lifetime, the volume, tiered, and absolute sugar content taxes would generate $80.4 billion, $142 billion, and $41.7 billion in tax revenue, respectively. From a healthcare perspective, the volume tax would prevent 850 000 cardiovascular disease (95% CI, 836 000–864 000) and 269 000 diabetes mellitus (265 000–274 000) cases, gain 2.44 million quality-adjusted life-years (2.40–2.48), and save $53.2 billion net costs (52.3–54.1). Health gains and savings were approximately doubled for the tiered and absolute sugar content taxes. Results were robust for societal and government perspectives, at 10 years follow-up, and with lower (50%) tax pass-through. Health gains were largest in young adults, blacks and Hispanics, and lower-income Americans. Conclusions: All sugar-sweetened beverage tax designs would generate substantial health gains and savings. Tiered and absolute sugar content taxes should be considered and evaluated for maximal potential gains.

scholarly journals Developing sugar-sweetened beverage warning labels for young adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Jennifer Falbe ◽  
Astrid Montuclard ◽  
Alina Engelman ◽  
Sabrina Adler ◽  
Athena Roesler
Keyword(s):  
Public Universities ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Warning Label ◽  
Warning Labels ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Design Task ◽  
Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
Loss Frame ◽  
Credible Source

Abstract Objective: There is a lack of qualitative research developing sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) warning labels with their intended end-users. We sought to identify promising SSB warning elements for improving label effectiveness and for future testing in policy and institutional settings. Design: Mixed-methods design using 10 focus groups, a design task, and survey. The design task was used to generate ideas for an icon that would dissuade SSB consumption. The survey and focus group guide assessed participant perceptions of SSB warning label mock-ups of text (loss-frame, gain-frame, and loss-frame with attribution), color, and icon options. Setting: Three large public universities in California from February-March 2018. Participants: Young adult SSB consumers (n=86) enrolled in one of three diverse California public universities. Results: Participants perceived the following elements as most effective for reducing SSB consumption: loss-frame text with attribution to a credible source, yellow and red color for label background, and an image or icon to accompany the text. Preferred images included sugar near or inside of an SSB, intuitive shapes like a triangle with exclamation mark or octagon, and a visual indicator of SSB sugar content compared with recommended limits. Support was high for using SSB warning labels in university cafeterias and on bottles/cans. Conclusion: Loss-frame text with a credible source, yellow or red label color, and icons could potentially enhance effectiveness of SSB warning labels and warrant further testing.

scholarly journals Funding quality pre-kindergarten slots with Philadelphia’s new ‘sugary drink tax’: simulating effects of using an excise tax to address a social determinant of health

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 2450-2458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent A Langellier ◽  
Félice Lê-Scherban ◽  
Jonathan Purtle
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Social Determinant ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Excise Tax ◽  
Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Poor Children ◽  
Social Determinant Of Health

AbstractObjectivePhiladelphia passed a 1·5-cent-per-ounce sweetened beverage tax (SBT). Revenue will fund 10 000 quality pre-kindergarten slots for poor children. It is imperative to understand how revenue from SBT can be used to fund programmes to address education and other social determinants of health. The objective of the present study was to simulate quality pre-kindergarten attendance, educational achievement and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption among Philadelphia children and adolescents under six intervention scenarios: (i) no intervention; (ii) 10 000 additional quality pre-kindergarten slots; (iii) a 1·5-cent-per-ounce SBT; (iv) expanded pre-kindergarten and 1·5-cent-per-ounce SBT; (v) a 3-cent-per-ounce SBT; and (vi) expanded pre-kindergarten and 3-cent-per-ounce SBT.DesignWe used an agent-based model to estimate pre-kindergarten enrolment, educational achievement and SSB consumption under the six policy scenarios. We identified key parameters in the model from the published literature and secondary analyses of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics – Child Development Supplement.SettingPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.SubjectsPhiladelphia children and adolescents aged 4–18 years.ResultsA 1·5-cents-per-ounce tax would reduce SSB consumption by 1·3 drinks/week among Philadelphia children and adolescents relative to no intervention, with larger effects among children below the poverty level. Quality pre-kindergarten expansion magnifies the effect of the SBT by 8 %, but has the largest effect on moderate-income children just above the poverty level. The SBT and quality pre-kindergarten programme each reduce SSB consumption, but primarily benefit different children and adolescents.ConclusionsPairing an excise tax with a complementary programme to improve a social determinant of health represents a progressive strategy to combat obesity, a disease regressive in its social patterning.

scholarly journals Association Between Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption as Meal Substitutes, Workload, and Obesity in Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
pp. 4984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting-Ti Lin ◽  
Yue Leon Guo ◽  
Christopher Gordon ◽  
Elizabeth Cayanan ◽  
Yi-Chuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Beverage Consumption ◽  
Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
Obesity Interventions

Background: High occupational stress has been associated with altered eating behaviors and obesity. Occupational stress is reported to be high in Asian countries. Furthermore, many Asian countries are increasingly consuming Western-type foods (e.g., incorporating drinks with meals) which collectively may also be contributing to obesity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine (a) associations between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption as meal replacement and obesity and (b) associations between workload and substituting meals with SSB in nurses. Methods: A representative sample of 854 hospital-based nurses completed a structured questionnaire about SSB consumption, workload, and body mass index (BMI). Log binomial regression models were employed to test associations between SSBs and obesity rates and associations between workload and SSBs. Results: Most participants (57.6%) consumed SSBs as meal replacements during work. This was related to high workloads during shifts. Substituting SSBs for meals was significantly associated with increased likelihood of obesity (aPRR = 1.4, 95% CI (1.1, 1.7)). Workload was positively associated with SSB intake as meal substitutes (aPRR = 1.4, 95% CI (1.2, 1.6)). Conclusions: Our findings show that SSBs are used as meal substitutes and is due to the workload demands. Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption is also positively associated with the increased likelihood of obesity. Interventions that modify workloads and decrease SSB consumption may improve workers’ eating behaviors and health.

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