scholarly journals Alpha-Lactalbumin Enriched Whey Protein Concentrate to Improve Gut, Immunity and Brain Development in Preterm Pigs

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
Charlotte Holme Nielsen ◽  
Yan Hui ◽  
Duc Ninh Nguyen ◽  
Agnethe May Ahnfeldt ◽  
Douglas G. Burrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Whey Protein Concentrate ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Microbial Metabolites ◽  
Neonatal Development ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Gut Immunity ◽  
Alpha Lactalbumin

Human milk is rich in nutritional factors, such as alpha-lactalbumin (α-Lac), and important for neonatal development, but nutrient supplementation may be required for optimal growth. Using a pig model, we hypothesized that α-Lac-enriched whey protein concentrate (WPC) supplementation improves neonatal development. Cesarean-delivered preterm pigs were fed either dilute bovine milk (REF) or REF milk supplemented with WPC with normal (STANDARD-ALPHA) or high (HIGH-ALPHA) α-Lac. Clinical, gut, immune and cognitive endpoints (open field, T-maze) were assessed and tissues collected at Day 19. The growth of STANDARD-ALPHA and HIGH-ALPHA were higher than REF (31 vs. 19 g/kg/d). Most organ weights, gut, immunity and brain variables were similar between WPC groups. HIGH-ALPHA had a higher bone mineral content, colon microbial diversity and an abundance of specific bacteria and microbial metabolites, and tended to show a faster food transit time (p = 0.07). Relative to REF, WPC pigs showed higher relative organ weights, blood amino acids, blood neutrophil function, and microbial metabolites, but lower brush-border enzyme activities and plasma cortisol. Cognition outcomes did not differ among the groups. In conclusion, WPC supplementation of milk improved some growth, gut and immunity parameters in preterm pigs. However, increasing the α-Lac content beyond human milk levels had limited effects on the immature gut and developing brain.

scholarly journals Improving Low-Fat Soft Cheese Quality Properties Made From Reconstituted Skim Milk By Using Whey Protein Concentrate as A fat Replacer

2021 ◽  
Vol 910 (1) ◽  
pp. 012040
Author(s):  
Dhia Ibrahim Jerro Ai-Bedrani ◽  
Sakena Taha Hasan ◽  
Abdali Alwan Altaee ◽  
Ali Ahmed Alqotbi
Keyword(s):  
Whey Protein ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Sensory Properties ◽  
Whey Protein Concentrate ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Fat Replacer ◽  
Soft Cheese

Abstract This study was conducted to determine the effect of using whey protein concentrate (WPC) as a fat replacer and its role in improving the physicochemical, rheological, and sensory properties of low-fat soft cheese by adding four different ratios of (WPC) as (1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5) % to reconstituted bovine skim milk in four treatments (W2, W3, W4, W5)respectively, besides control cheese treatment (W1)which was made of whole bovine milk. The chemical tests included the percentage of moisture, protein, fat, lactose, and ash. The physical tests included the percentage of total acidity, pH, springiness, and compression ability besides cheese yield percentage, total energy, and sensory evaluation after cheese making and throughout the 14 days of storage time at (5±1)°C. Results showed that all (WPC) treatments have high moisture percentage compared to the control treatment, though all the treatments had a decrease in moisture values with storage. Results also showed a decrease in fat content for all the skim milk treatments with (WPC) addition. Lactose percentages were converged in all treatments. The results also showed an increase in total acidity and a decrease in pH for the (WPC) addition treatments. Microbiological results showed increased total count for the (WPC) addition treatments compared with the control. Furthermore, the results showed that adding (WPC) led to improving the springiness and compression ability and increased the cheese yield. On the other hand, it decreased the cheese energy compared to control. Sensory properties were improved by added WPC.

scholarly journals Bovine whey protein concentrate supplementation modulates maturation of immune system in suckling rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (S1) ◽  
pp. S80-S84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Pérez-Cano ◽  
Silvia Marín-Gallén ◽  
Margarida Castell ◽  
María Rodríguez-Palmero ◽  
Montserrat Rivero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Whey Protein Concentrate ◽  
Mucosal Cell ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Suckling Rats

During neonatal life, challenges from breast milk and microbial flora promote immune system maturation. Immunonutrition in these stages may become an important way to increase natural defence systems. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a daily bovine milk whey protein concentrate (WPC) supplement on the intestinal and systemic immune systems in suckling rats. The composition of intraepithelial and lamina propria lymphocytes (IEL and LPL) was analysed by flow cytometry. Systemic and intestinal humoral immune responses were determined by sera Ig levels and Ig-secreting cell quantification by ELISA and ELISPOT, respectively. From birth, suckling Wistar rats were supplemented with WPC or standard infant formula (SIF). The WPC group showed the same proportion of most of the main mucosal cell subsets as the reference animals. However, in the first days of life WPC enhanced the innate immunity by increasing the NK cell proportion in both epithelial and lamina propria (LP) compartments. A rise in intestinal CD8αα+ IEL was also induced by WPC supplementation. A time-course of sera Ig levels and spontaneous IgA, IgM and IgG production by LPL and mononuclear cells from blood and spleen, in the WPC group, exhibited a similar pattern to those pups fed only by dam's milk. In summary, the present results show the effects of WPC on enhancing mucosal innate immunity during early life.

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