scholarly journals Social Support, but Not Perceived Food Environment, Is Associated with Diet Quality in French-Speaking Canadians from the PREDISE Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Carbonneau ◽  
Benoît Lamarche ◽  
Julie Robitaille ◽  
Véronique Provencher ◽  
Sophie Desroches ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Food Environment ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
Food Recalls ◽  
At Home

The objectives were to assess whether social support for healthy eating and perceived food environment are associated with diet quality, and to investigate if sociodemographic characteristics moderate these associations. A probability sample of French-speaking adults from the Province of Québec, Canada, was recruited in the context of the PREDISE study. Participants reported their perceptions of supportive and non-supportive actions related to healthy eating from close others at home and outside of home (n = 952), and of the accessibility to healthy foods (n = 1035). The Canadian Healthy Eating Index (C-HEI) was calculated based on three Web-based 24 h food recalls. Multiple linear regression models showed that supportive (B = 1.50 (95% CI 0.46, 2.54)) and non-supportive (B = −3.06 (95% CI −4.94, −1.18)) actions related to healthy eating from close others at home were positively and negatively associated with C-HEI, respectively, whereas actions from close others outside of home were not. The negative association between non-supportive actions occurring at home and C-HEI was stronger among participants with lower (vs. higher) levels of education (p interaction = 0.03). Perceived accessibility to healthy foods was not associated with C-HEI (p > 0.05). These results suggest that the social environment may have a stronger influence on healthy eating than the perceived physical environment. This adds support for healthy eating promotion programs involving entire families, especially for more socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals, whose efforts to eat healthily may be more easily thwarted by non-supportive households.

More frequent cooking at home is associated with higher Healthy Eating Index-2015 score

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (13) ◽  
pp. 2384-2394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia A Wolfson ◽  
Cindy W Leung ◽  
Caroline R Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Income Status ◽  
The Usa ◽  
At Home

AbstractObjective:To examine the association between cooking frequency and Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, overall and by income, among US adults.Design:Cross-sectional analysis using multivariable linear regression models to examine the association between cooking frequency and total HEI-2015 score adjusted for sociodemographic variables, overall and stratified by income.Setting:Nationally representative survey data from the USA.Participants:Adults aged ≥20 years (with 2 d of 24 h dietary recall data) obtained from the 2007 to 2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n 8668).Results:Compared with cooking dinner 0–2 times/week, greater cooking frequency was associated with higher HEI-2015 score overall (≥7 times/week: +3·57 points, P < 0·001), among lower-income adults (≥7 times/week: +2·55 points, P = 0·001) and among higher-income adults (≥7 times/week: +5·07 points, P < 0·001). Overall, total HEI-2015 score was higher among adults living in households where dinner was cooked ≥7 times/week (54·54 points) compared with adults living in households where dinner was cooked 0–2 times/week (50·57 points). In households in which dinner was cooked ≥7 times/week, total HEI-2015 score differed significantly based on income status (lower-income: 52·51 points; higher-income: 57·35 points; P = 0·003). Cooking frequency was associated with significant differences in HEI-2015 component scores, but associations varied by income.Conclusions:More frequent cooking at home is associated with better diet quality overall and among lower- and higher-income adults, although the association between cooking and better diet quality is stronger among high-income adults. Strategies are needed to help lower-income Americans consume a healthy diet regardless of how frequently they cook at home.

Higher diet quality is associated with higher diet costs when eating at home and away from home: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2016

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Zach Conrad ◽  
Sarah Reinhardt ◽  
Rebecca Boehm ◽  
Acree McDowell
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
National Health ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Food Away From Home ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Food Consumed ◽  
At Home

Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the association between diet quality and cost for foods purchased for consumption at home and away from home. Design: Cross-sectional analysis. Multivariable linear regression models evaluated the association between diet quality and cost for all food, food at home, and food away from home. Setting: Daily food intake data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2016). Food prices were derived using data from multiple, publicly available databases. Diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index-2015 and the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010. Participants: 30,564 individuals ≥20 y with complete and reliable dietary data. Results: Mean per capita daily diet cost was $14.19 (95% CI: $13.91-14.48), including $6.92 ($6.73-7.10) for food consumed at home and $7.28 ($7.05-7.50) for food consumed away from home. Diet quality was higher for food at home compared to food away from home (P<0.001). Higher diet quality was associated with higher food costs overall, at home, and away from home (P<0.001 for all comparisons). Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that higher diet quality is associated with higher costs for all food, food consumed at home, and food consumed away from home. This research provides policymakers, public health professionals, and clinicians with information needed to support healthy eating habits. These findings are particularly relevant to contemporary health and economic concerns that have worsened because of the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals An Examination of Demographic and Psychosocial Factors, Barriers to Healthy Eating, and Diet Quality Among African American Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Richards Adams ◽  
Wilson Figueroa ◽  
Irene Hatsu ◽  
James Odei ◽  
Mercedes Sotos-Prieto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
African American Adults

A healthy diet is associated with lower risk of chronic disease. African Americans generally have poor diet quality and experience a higher burden of many chronic diseases. We examined the associations of demographic and psychosocial factors and barriers to diet quality among African American adults. This cross-sectional study included 100 African American adults in a southeastern metropolitan area. Psychosocial factors (social support, self-efficacy), and barriers to healthy eating were assessed with validated measures. Diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2010). Nested linear regressions were used to examine the association between the variables of interest and HEI scores. Participants reported having social support (M (mean) = 2.0, SD (standard deviation) = 0.6, range 0–3), high levels of self-efficacy (M = 3.1, SD = 0.7, range 1–4), and low barriers (M = 1.4, SD = 0.6, range 0–4) to engage in healthy eating but total mean HEI scores needed improvement (M = 54.8, SD = 10.9, range 27.1–70.0). Participants consumed significantly higher empty calories and lower whole fruits, dairy, and total protein foods than the national average. Barriers to healthy eating (b = −12.13, p = 0.01) and the interaction between age and barriers (b = 0.25, p = 0.02) were most strongly associated with lower HEI scores. Younger African Americans with the highest barriers to healthy eating had the lowest HEI scores. Culturally appropriate interventions targeting empty calories, barriers to healthy eating, and knowledge of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans are needed for African Americans.

Associations Between Nutrition Knowledge and Overall Diet Quality: The Moderating Role of Sociodemographic Characteristics—Results From the PREDISE Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Elise Carbonneau ◽  
Benoît Lamarche ◽  
Véronique Provencher ◽  
Sophie Desroches ◽  
Julie Robitaille ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Lower Education ◽  
Food Recalls

Purpose: To assess how nutrition knowledge is associated with global diet quality and to investigate whether sociodemographic characteristics (ie, sex, age, education, income, marital status, and living with children or not) moderate this association. Design: Cross-sectional web-based study. Participants: The PREDISE study aims at identifying correlates of adherence to healthy eating guidelines in French-speaking adults from the Province of Quebec, Canada. Subjects: A probability sample of 1092 participants (50% female). Measures: The Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire and 24-hour food recalls from which the Canadian Healthy Eating Index (C-HEI) was calculated. Analysis: Multiple linear regressions performed to assess how nutrition knowledge is associated with the C-HEI. Interaction terms tested to evaluate whether sociodemographic characteristics moderate the association between nutrition knowledge and the C-HEI. Results: Nutrition knowledge (B = 0.141 [95% CI: 0.075-0.208], P < .0001) was identified as a significant correlate of the C-HEI. Education significantly moderated the association between nutrition knowledge and the C-HEI ( P interaction = .0038), with a significative association among participants with a lower education level (B = 0.295 [95% CI: 0.170-0.421], P < .0001) but not among participants with a higher education level (B = 0.077 [95% CI: −0.004 to 0.157], P = .06). Whether participants lived with or without children also significantly moderated the association ( P interaction = 0.0043); nutrition knowledge was associated with the C-HEI only in participants who were not living with children (B = 0.261 [95% CI: 0.167 to 0.355], P < .0001). Conclusion: This study suggests that the association between nutrition knowledge and adherence to healthy eating guidelines is not the same in different subgroups of the population. Interventions aiming at increasing nutrition knowledge may be a promising approach to improve diet quality, especially among individuals with a lower education.

scholarly journals Greater Exposure to a Multilevel Multicomponent Obesity Prevention Intervention in Rural Native American Communities Is Associated With Improved Diet Quality Among Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 122-122
Author(s):  
Michelle Estrade ◽  
Ellen J.I. van Dongen ◽  
Angela Trude ◽  
Leslie Redmond ◽  
Lisa Poirier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Native American ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Complex Interventions ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Total Exposure

Abstract Objectives Multilevel multicomponent (MLMC) intervention trials attempt to reach participants in many different settings in their lives to promote environmental and behavioral change; however, individual-level exposure to these complex interventions has rarely been evaluated. We examined the association between exposure to an MLMC intervention and changes in diet quality among Native American adults in rural communities in the Midwest and Southwest U.S. Methods The OPREVENT2 intervention was implemented over 18 months in three reservation-based communities, in the first round of the study. Nutrition and physical activity messages were delivered in local food stores, worksites, schools, and by social and community media, along with changes to food store and workplace environments to support increased physical activity and healthier food choices. A Block Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used to calculate a Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015) score at baseline and follow-up. At follow-up, 234 adults self-reported their exposure to intervention materials and activities via an 81-item questionnaire with illustrations. Exposure scores for each intervention component were calculated and weighted by level of interactiveness (e.g., taste tests were most interactive; posters least interactive), then summed yielding a total exposure score. Linear regression models assessed change in HEI score by participant exposure (component and total), controlling for baseline sociodemographic variables. Results The participants were majority female (73%) with a mean age of 44 (±14) years and mean total exposure score of 11.66 ± 6.71 on a scale of 0–28. Participants with higher total exposure scores had a greater increase in HEI scores compared to those who were least exposed to the intervention (b = 3.61 ± 1.90, P = 0.049). Improved diet quality was also positively associated with exposure to specific intervention components, including educational displays, posters, and radio announcements (P &lt; 0.01). Conclusions We found a dose-response relationship between level of exposure to the intervention and diet quality among participants in the OPREVENT2 intervention. Future MLMC interventions in NA rural communities should consider using radio announcements, posters, educational displays to engage with adults and promote healthy eating. Funding Sources NHLBI.

scholarly journals Law No 1355 for the Prevention of Obesity in Colombia: Influence of School Food Environment Interventions on Children Body Weight and Diet Quality Trends Between 2005 and 2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1724-1724
Author(s):  
Gustavo Mora-Garcia ◽  
Vanessa Garcia-Larsen ◽  
Antonio Trujillo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Food Environment ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
School Food ◽  
School Food Environment ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives To study the impact of the school food environment interventions motivated by the obesity prevention policy reform (Law No 1355, Colombia 2009) on body weight and diet quality trends of schoolchildren. Methods Schoolchildren from six provinces that had implemented the law (‘intervened schools’), and from 26 that had not, were studied using data from the National Nutrition Surveys (ENSIN). A total of 48,936 children aged 6–17y were included (2005, n = 16,193; 2010, n = 9,907; 2015, n = 22,836). Body mass index (log-transformed z-score; zBMI) and bodyweight excess (BWE; i.e., zBMI ≥ 1.0) were the primary outcomes. The Alternative Healthy-Eating Index (AHEI; log-transformed) was derived to measure diet quality, using data from single 24 h recall questionnaires administered in 2005 and 2015. A difference-in-difference analysis (diff-in-diff) was carried out using two waves of data before (ENSIN 2005 and 2010), and one wave 4 years after the policy implementation (ENSIN 2015). The identification strategy relies on variability across time and provinces. Results A total of 11,113 schoolchildren were in the intervened provinces (2005: 4,087; 2010: 2,861; 2015: 4,165). Overall, the percentage of children with BWE in 2005, 2010, and 2010 was 16.5%, 20.2%, and 25.0%, respectively. Between 2005 and 2015, the prevalence of BWE increased from 15.5% to 27.3% in the intervened schools, and from 16.9% to 24.4% in the non-intervened schools. The mean AHEI score was 46.2 ± 10.5 in 2005 and 43.7 ± 11.1 in 2015, with a decrease of 2.29 points in the sample of children from the intervened schools, and of 2.32 points in those from the non-intervened schools. The diff-in-diff analyses showed that the interventions were associated with a 4% increase in zBMI (P &lt; 0.05), and a 2% increase in BWE prevalence (P &lt; 0.001). The changes in diet quality were not statistically significant. Conclusions Diet quality and trends of overweight and obesity in schoolchildren did not improve in the schools that implemented Law No1355. The observed decline in diet quality in all children studied suggest that implementation of food policies to promote healthy eating should not be limited to efforts centered in the school environment. Funding Sources GMG was supported by COLCIENCIAS (Fondo para Investigación en Salud-FIS-).

scholarly journals Healthy Eating Policy Improves Children’s Diet Quality in Early Care and Education in South Carolina

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Zaltz ◽  
Amelie A. Hecht ◽  
Roni A. Neff ◽  
Russell R. Pate ◽  
Brian Neelon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Early Care And Education ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Early Care

Policies to promote healthy foods in early care and education (ECE) in the United States exist, but few have been prospectively evaluated. In South Carolina, a statewide program serving low-income children in ECE enacted new policies promoting healthy foods. We conducted an evaluation to measure changes in dietary intake among children in ECE exposed and not exposed to the new policy. Using direct observation, we assessed dietary intake in 112 children from 34 ECE centers in South Carolina and 90 children from 30 ECE centers in North Carolina (a state with no policy). We calculated Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI) scores to measure diet quality consumed before and after the policy was enacted. We fit mixed-effects linear models to estimate differences in HEI scores by state from baseline to post-policy, adjusting for child race, number of children enrolled, director education, center years in operation, participation in the Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP), and center profit status. The policy increased HEI scores for whole fruits, total fruits, and lean proteins, but decreased scores for dairy. Thus, the policy was associated with some enhancements in dietary intake, but additional support may help improve other components of diet.

scholarly journals Are French Canadians able to accurately self-rate the quality of their diet? Insights from the PREDISE study

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Carbonneau ◽  
Benoît Lamarche ◽  
Jacynthe Lafrenière ◽  
Julie Robitaille ◽  
Véronique Provencher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
French Canadians ◽  
Web Based ◽  
C Statistic ◽  
Food Recalls

The main objective of this study was to compare self-rated diet quality with a more comprehensive score of diet quality and to assess the ability of self-rated diet quality to predict adherence to healthy eating guidelines. This study also aimed to evaluate the influence of individual characteristics on the association between self-rated diet quality and the overall diet quality score. As part of the PRédicteurs Individuels, Sociaux et Environnementaux (PREDISE) study, 1045 participants (51% women) from the Province of Québec, Canada, self-rated their diet quality (“In general, would you say that your dietary habits are excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor?”). Three Web-based 24-h food recalls were completed, generating data for the calculation of the Canadian Healthy Eating Index (C-HEI) score, an overall diet quality indicator. Participants rated their diet quality as excellent (2.4%), very good (22.7%), good (49.5%), fair (20.3%), or poor (5.1%). C-HEI scores differed significantly between diet ratings, in the expected direction (p < 0.0001). Self-rated diet quality predicted adherence to healthy eating guidelines (i.e., C-HEI > 68) with a sensitivity of 44.5% and a specificity of 81.5% (C-statistic = 0.63). Sex significantly modified the association between self-rated diet quality and C-HEI score (p interaction = 0.0131); women had higher C-HEI scores than did men in the “good” and “fair” ratings. Self-rated diet quality can be useful in obtaining an overview of the diet quality of a population, but the results of this study suggest that such data should be used with caution given their poor ability to predict adherence to healthy eating guidelines. Individual characteristics may influence one’s ability to appropriately self-evaluate diet quality.

scholarly journals Caregiver Status and Diet Quality in Community-Dwelling Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1803
Author(s):  
Sharmin Hossain ◽  
May A. Beydoun ◽  
Michele K. Evans ◽  
Alan B. Zonderman ◽  
Marie F. Kuczmarski
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: We investigated cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of diet quality with middle-aged caregiver status. Methods: Caregiving in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span (HANDLS) study (57.7% women, 62% African American (AA)) was measured at waves 3 (2009–2013) and 4 (2013–2017) (mean follow-up time 4.1 years). Diet quality was assessed by the Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010) derived from two separate 24 h diet recalls. Multivariable ordinary least square regression was performed for cross-sectional analyses of the association of wave 4 caregiving with wave 4 HEI-2010. Wave 3 caregiving was examined both cross-sectionally and with annual rate of change in HEI using mixed-effects linear regression Models. Multivariable models were adjusted for age, sex, and poverty status. Results: Cross-sectional analyses at wave 4 demonstrate an inverse association of frequent caregiving (“Daily or Weekly” vs. “Never”) for grandchildren with HEI-2010 total score (i.e., lower diet quality) among Whites (β = −2.83 ± 1.19, p = 0.03, Model 2) and AAs (β = −1.84 ± 0.79, p = 0.02,). The “cross-sectional” analysis pertaining to grandchildren caregiving frequency suggested that frequent caregiving (i.e., “Daily or Weekly” vs. “Never” (β = −2.90 ± 1.17, p = 0.04)) only among Whites was inversely related to HEI-2010 total score. Total HEI-2010 score was also related to caring (Model 1), for the elderly over “5 years vs. Never” among Whites (−7.31 ± 3.54, p = 0.04, Model 2). Longitudinally, we found slight potential improvement in diet quality over time (“Daily or Weekly” vs. Never by TIME interaction: +0.88 ± 0.38, p = 0.02) with frequent caregiving among Whites, but not so among AAs. Conclusions: Frequent caring for grandchildren had an inverse relationship with the diet quality of White and AA urban middle-aged caregivers, while caring for elderly was inversely linked to diet quality among Whites only. Longitudinal studies should address the paucity of research on caregivers’ nutritional quality.

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