scholarly journals Rice Bran Derived Bioactive Compounds Modulate Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Updated Review

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Saji ◽  
Nidhish Francis ◽  
Lachlan J. Schwarz ◽  
Christopher L. Blanchard ◽  
Abishek B. Santhakumar
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Therapeutic Potential

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are two chronic diseases that have claimed more lives globally than any other disease. Dietary supplementation of functional foods containing bioactive compounds is recognised to result in improvements in free-radical-mediated oxidative stress. Emerging evidence indicates that bioactive compounds derived from rice bran (RB) have therapeutic potential against cellular oxidative stress. This review aims to describe the mechanistic pathways behind CVD and T2DM development and the therapeutic potential of polyphenols derived from RB against these chronic diseases.

scholarly journals A Framework to Understand the Progression of Cardiovascular Disease for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Using a Network Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Ekramul Hossain ◽  
Shahadat Uddin ◽  
Arif Khan ◽  
Mohammad Ali Moni
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Australian Health ◽  
Disease Networks ◽  
Multiple Chronic Diseases

The prevalence of chronic disease comorbidity has increased worldwide. Comorbidity—i.e., the presence of multiple chronic diseases—is associated with adverse health outcomes in terms of mobility and quality of life as well as financial burden. Understanding the progression of comorbidities can provide valuable insights towards the prevention and better management of chronic diseases. Administrative data can be used in this regard as they contain semantic information on patients’ health conditions. Most studies in this field are focused on understanding the progression of one chronic disease rather than multiple diseases. This study aims to understand the progression of two chronic diseases in the Australian health context. It specifically focuses on the comorbidity progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as the prevalence of these chronic diseases in Australians is high. A research framework is proposed to understand and represent the progression of CVD in patients with T2DM using graph theory and social network analysis techniques. Two study cohorts (i.e., patients with both T2DM and CVD and patients with only T2DM) were selected from an administrative dataset obtained from an Australian health insurance company. Two baseline disease networks were constructed from these two selected cohorts. A final disease network from two baseline disease networks was then generated by weight adjustments in a normalized way. The prevalence of renal failure, fluid and electrolyte disorders, hypertension and obesity was significantly higher in patients with both CVD and T2DM than patients with only T2DM. This showed that these chronic diseases occurred frequently during the progression of CVD in patients with T2DM. The proposed network-based model may potentially help the healthcare provider to understand high-risk diseases and the progression patterns between the recurrence of T2DM and CVD. Also, the framework could be useful for stakeholders including governments and private health insurers to adopt appropriate preventive health management programs for patients at a high risk of developing multiple chronic diseases.

scholarly journals HbA1c is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in association with oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 3114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siva Prasad Palem
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
High Level ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death in diabetic subjects. Glycaemic status is one of the vital factor involved in vascular complications. It was clear the effect of glycaemia on microvascular complications, but uncertain on macrovascular complications. As we know oxidative stress plays a major role in the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Since oxidative stress is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the study has designed to perceive an association between HbA1c and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus for early prediction of cardiovascular events.Methods: 120 subjects were taken into the study, among these 60 type 2 diabetic subjects and remaining 60 subjects were healthy controls. The parameters like HbA1c, MDA and FRAP were estimated by established methods. ‘Kruskal Wallis’ test was used for variables in the parameters and Pearson correlation test was used to perform correlation between HbA1c and oxidative stress.Results: High level of HbA1c and MDA, low level of FRAP were found in patients with type 2 diabetes than healthy controls. The study was also found HbA1c have positive association with malondialdehyde (MDA) and negative association with FRAP.Conclusions: HbA1c was positively associated with oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this scenario, type 2 diabetic patients with high level of HbA1c might have risk of cardiovascular events.

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