scholarly journals Associations of Circadian Eating Pattern and Diet Quality with Substantial Postpartum Weight Retention

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2686 ◽  
Author(s):  
See Ling Loy ◽  
Yin Bun Cheung ◽  
Marjorelee T. Colega ◽  
Airu Chia ◽  
Chad Yixian Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Postpartum Weight Retention ◽  
Weight Retention ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Eating Pattern ◽  
Eating Time ◽  
Postpartum Weight ◽  
Fasting Duration

Besides food quantity and quality, food timing and frequency may contribute to weight regulation. It is unclear if these factors during pregnancy can influence maternal weight retention after childbirth. We thus aimed to examine the associations of maternal circadian eating pattern and diet quality in pregnancy with substantial postpartum weight retention (PPWR) at 18 months in an Asian cohort. We assessed circadian eating pattern and diet quality of 687 women using 24-h dietary recalls at 26–28 weeks’ gestation. We calculated PPWR by subtracting maternal weight in the first trimester from weight at 18-month postpartum and defined substantial PPWR as ≥5 kg weight retention. Multivariable binary logistic regression was performed. Overall, 16% of women had substantial PPWR. After the confounders adjustment, night eating, defined by greater night-time caloric intake (odds ratio 1.95; 95% confidence interval 1.05, 3.62), and lower diet quality, classified by median score of the Healthy Eating Index (1.91; 1.17, 3.10), were independently associated with higher odds of substantial PPWR. No associations with substantial PPWR were observed for night fasting duration and number of eating episodes. In conclusion, alignment of eating time with day–night cycles and diet quality during pregnancy may play a role in PPWR, with possible implications for long-term obesity risk.

scholarly journals Maternal night-eating and lower diet quality during pregnancy are associated with substantial postpartum weight retention

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
See Ling Loy ◽  
Yin Bun Cheung ◽  
Colega Marjorelee ◽  
Airu Chia ◽  
Chad Yixian Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Postpartum Weight Retention ◽  
Weight Retention ◽  
Eating Pattern ◽  
Night Eating ◽  
Postpartum Weight ◽  
Fasting Duration

AbstractRecent evidence suggests that synchronizing eating-fasting schedules with body's circadian rhythms or day-night cycles is important for metabolic health. Besides food quantity and quality, food timing may contribute to weight regulation. However, it is unclear if this factor during pregnancy can influence maternal weight retention after childbirth. Using data from a prospective cohort, the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) study, we examined the associations of maternal circadian eating pattern and diet quality in pregnancy with substantial postpartum weight retention (PPWR) at 18 months. We assessed 687 pregnant women for their circadian eating pattern (night-eating, night-fasting and eating episodes) and diet quality (Healthy Eating Index) based on information derived from 24-h dietary recall at 26–28 weeks’ gestation. Night-eating was defined as > 50% of total energy intake during 1900–0659 h; night-fasting duration was determined based on the longest fasting interval between consumption of a calorie-containing food or beverage during 1900–0659 h; eating episodes were defined as events that provided ≥ 210 kJ with time intervals between eating episodes of ≥ 15 min; diet quality was ascertained using the Healthy Eating Index which measures adherence to the Singapore dietary guidelines for pregnant women. PPWR was calculated by subtracting the weight at the first antenatal clinic visit from weight at 18-month postpartum. Substantial PPWR was defined as weight retention of 5 kg or more. Adjusting for maternal age, ethnicity, education, parity, night shift, mood, body mass index and total energy intake, multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate odds ratio (OR) of substantial PPWR in relation to circadian eating pattern and diet quality. Of 687 women, 110 (16%) had substantial PPWR. After confounders adjustment, night-eating (OR 1.95; 95% confidence interval 1.05, 3.62) and lower diet quality (1.91; 1.17, 3.10) were independently associated with higher odds of substantial PPWR. No associations with substantial PPWR were observed for night-fasting duration and number of eating episodes. During pregnancy, women with higher caloric consumption at night and lower diet quality had a greater likelihood of substantial PPWR. These findings suggest that aligning eating time with day-night cycles and adherence to dietary guidelines during pregnancy may help to alleviate overweight and obesity risk in postpartum life. There is a possibility that these eating patterns persist beyond pregnancy and pose implications for long-term obesity development. Further investigation on this area is required.

scholarly journals Association of Full Breastfeeding Duration with Postpartum Weight Retention in a Cohort of Predominantly Breastfeeding Women

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muna J. Tahir ◽  
Jacob L. Haapala ◽  
Laurie P. Foster ◽  
Katy M. Duncan ◽  
April M. Teague ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Postpartum Weight Retention ◽  
Weight Retention ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Prepregnancy Weight ◽  
Adjusted Means ◽  
Postpartum Weight ◽  
Healthy Growth ◽  
Pregnancy Weight

Full breastfeeding (FBF) is promoted as effective for losing pregnancy weight during the postpartum period. This study evaluated whether longer FBF is associated with lower maternal postpartum weight retention (PPWR) as compared to a shorter FBF duration. The MILK (Mothers and Infants Linked for Healthy Growth) study is an ongoing prospective cohort of 370 mother–infant dyads, all of whom fully breastfed their infants for at least 1 month. Breastfeeding status was subsequently self-reported by mothers at 3 and 6 months postpartum. Maternal PPWR was calculated as maternal weight measured at 1, 3, and 6 months postpartum minus maternal prepregnancy weight. Using linear mixed effects models, by 6 months postpartum, adjusted means ± standard errors for weight retention among mothers who fully breastfed for 1–3 (3.40 ± 1.16 kg), 3–6 (1.41 ± 0.69 kg), and ≥6 months (0.97 ± 0.32 kg) were estimated. Compared to mothers who reported FBF for 1–3 months, those who reported FBF for 3–6 months and ≥6 months both had lower PPWR over the period from 1 to 6 months postpartum (p = 0.04 and p < 0.01, respectively). However, PPWR from 3 to 6 months was not significantly different among those who reported FBF for 3–6 versus ≥6 months (p > 0.05). Interventions to promote FBF past 3 months may increase the likelihood of postpartum return to prepregnancy weight.

scholarly journals Effect of prenatal lifestyle intervention on maternal postpartum weight retention and child body mass index z-score at 36 months

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Phelan ◽  
Chantelle N. Hart ◽  
Elissa Jelalian ◽  
Karen Muñoz-Christian ◽  
Noemi Alarcon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Postpartum Weight Retention ◽  
Weight Retention ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Postpartum Weight ◽  
Prenatal Intervention

Abstract Background/Objectives We previously reported results from a randomized trial showing that a behavioral intervention during pregnancy reduced excess gestational weight gain but did not impact maternal weight at 12 months. We now examine the longer-term effects of this prenatal intervention on maternal postpartum weight retention and toddler body-mass-index z scores (BMIz) over 36 months. Subjects/Methods Pregnant women (N = 264; 13.7 weeks’ gestation; 41.6% Hispanic) with overweight or obesity were randomized into usual care or prenatal intervention. Anthropometric assessments in mothers and toddlers occurred at baseline, 35 weeks’ gestation and after delivery at 6, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months. Results At 36 months, prenatal intervention vs. usual care had no significant effect on the proportion of participants who returned to their early pregnancy weight or below (33.3% vs. 39.5%; p = 0.12) and had no effect on the magnitude of weight retained (2.8 [0.8, 4.8] vs 3.0 kg [1.0, 4.9], respectively; mean difference = 0.14 [−3.0, 2.7]). There was also no statistically significant intervention vs. usual care effect on infant BMIz or skinfold changes over time; toddler BMIz increased by 1.4 [−1.7, 1.0] units in the intervention group and 1.6 [−1.2, 1.8] units in the usual care group from delivery to 36 months (difference = 0.16 [−0.32. 0.63]). The proportion of toddlers at risk for obesity at 36 months was similar in intervention and usual care groups (28/77 [36.4%] vs 30/80 [37.5%]; p = 0.77). Conclusions Compared with usual care, lifestyle intervention during pregnancy resulted in similar maternal and toddler anthropometric outcomes at 36-months postpartum in a diverse US sample of women with overweight and obesity. To sustain improved maternal weight management initiated during pregnancy, continued intervention during the postpartum years may be needed.

scholarly journals How do pregnancy-related weight changes and breastfeeding relate to maternal weight and BMI-adjusted waist circumference 7 y after delivery? Results from a path analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 312-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helene Kirkegaard ◽  
Henrik Stovring ◽  
Kathleen M Rasmussen ◽  
Barbara Abrams ◽  
Thorkild IA Sørensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Postpartum Weight Retention ◽  
Weight Retention ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Postpartum Weight

ABSTRACT Background: Reproduction has been related to long-term maternal weight gain, and changes in fat mass, with gestational weight gain, have been identified as an important contributor. However, the influence of weight changes during the whole reproductive cycle and the modifying effect of breastfeeding are unknown. Objective: The objective was to examine how prepregnancy weight, gestational weight gain, postpartum weight changes, and breastfeeding influence maternal weight and body mass index–adjusted waist circumference (WCBMI) 7 y after delivery. Design: This was a prospective cohort study of 23,701 women participating in the Danish National Birth Cohort with singleton births and no births during follow-up. Path analysis was used to assess the total, direct, and indirect effects; the latter was mediated through weight changes on the pathways. Results: Postpartum weight retention at 6 mo and weight gain from 6 to 18 mo postpartum were highly positively associated with both outcomes. A 1-kg increase in weight retention at 6 mo postpartum corresponded to an average increase of 0.5 kg at 7 y. Gestational weight gain was not associated with WCBMI but was positively associated with weight at 7 y; 87% of this effect was mediated through later weight changes. For both outcomes, a small inverse association was observed for breastfeeding duration. This was strongest for WCBMI, for which 97% of the effect was direct, ie, not mediated through postpartum weight. Conclusions: These findings show that postpartum weight retention at 6 mo and weight gain from 6 to 18 mo postpartum contribute equally to adverse maternal anthropometric measures 7 y after delivery. Breastfeeding duration may have a beneficial effect.

Weight cycling, ethnicity, and postpartum weight retention

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. A1-A1
Author(s):  
B Abrams ◽  
Kj Hoggatt ◽  
M Kang ◽  
S Selvin
Keyword(s):  
Weight Cycling ◽  
Postpartum Weight Retention ◽  
Weight Retention ◽  
Postpartum Weight

scholarly journals Postpartum weight retention among women in Rio de Janeiro: a follow-up study

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. S149-S161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto Kac ◽  
Maria Helena D'Aquino Benicio ◽  
Joaquim Gonçalves Valente ◽  
Gustavo Velásquez-Meléndez
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Single Women ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Postpartum Weight Retention ◽  
Weight Retention ◽  
Variable Weight ◽  
Postpartum Weight ◽  
Pregnancy Weight

This study presents follow-up results on trends in postpartum weight retention among women in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, at 0.5, 2, 6, and 9 months postpartum. The outcome variable, weight retention, was calculated by subtracting the reported pre-pregnancy weight from the observed weight at each interview. Statistical analyses used means and a 95% confidence interval for weight retention. Mean weight retention was 4.7, 4.1, 3.4, and 3.1kg at 0.5, 2, 6 and 9 months postpartum, respectively. At completion of the study, the largest weight retention was observed in women over 30 years of age (4.2kg) and with 30% or more of body fat (5.9kg). The rate of reduction in weight retention was 0.4kg/month, 0.2kg/month, and 0.1kg/ month for the periods 0.5-2, 2-6, and 6-9 months, respectively. The largest reductions were observed among young, single women and those with < 30% of body fat at baseline. The results suggest that variables such as age, parity, schooling, and body fat may be important predictors of postpartum weight retention.

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