scholarly journals Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Endotoxemia with Dietary Factors

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuo Fuke ◽  
Naoto Nagata ◽  
Hiroyuki Suganuma ◽  
Tsuguhito Ota
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Influx Kinetics ◽  
Metabolic Endotoxemia ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Metabolic endotoxemia is a condition in which blood lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels are elevated, regardless of the presence of obvious infection. It has been suggested to lead to chronic inflammation-related diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), pancreatitis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Alzheimer’s disease. In addition, it has attracted attention as a target for the prevention and treatment of these chronic diseases. As metabolic endotoxemia was first reported in mice that were fed a high-fat diet, research regarding its relationship with diets has been actively conducted in humans and animals. In this review, we summarize the relationship between fat intake and induction of metabolic endotoxemia, focusing on gut dysbiosis and the influx, kinetics, and metabolism of LPS. We also summarize the recent findings about dietary factors that attenuate metabolic endotoxemia, focusing on the regulation of gut microbiota. We hope that in the future, control of metabolic endotoxemia using dietary factors will help maintain human health.

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Severity in Type 2 Diabetes Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
Hui-Ju Tsai ◽  
Yi-Chun Tsai ◽  
Wei-Wen Hung ◽  
Wei-Chun Hung ◽  
Chen-Chia Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains an important health issue worldwide. The increasing prevalence of NAFLD is linked to type 2 diabetes (T2D). The gut microbiota is associated with the development of NAFLD and T2D. However, the relationship between gut microbiota and NAFLD severity has remained unclear in T2D patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of gut microbiota with the severity of NAFLD in T2D patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study used transient elastography (FibroScan) to evaluate the severity of hepatic steatosis. We utilized qPCR to measure the abundance of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Clostridium leptum group, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Akkermansia muciniphila, and Escherichia coli. Results: Of 163 T2D patients, 83 with moderate to severe NAFLD had higher abundance of bacteria of the phylum Firmicutes with respect to 80 patients without NAFLD or with mild NAFLD. High abundance of the phylum Firmicutes increased the severity of NAFLD in T2D patients. A positive correlation between NAFLD severity and the phylum Firmicutes was found in T2D male patients with body mass index ≥24 kg/m2 and glycated hemoglobin <7.5%. Conclusion: Enrichment of the fecal microbiota with the phylum Firmicutes is significantly and positively associated with NAFLD severity in T2D patients. The gut microbiota is a potential predictor of NAFLD severity in T2D patients.

scholarly journals Microbiota, type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: protocol of an observational study

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedetta M. Motta ◽  
Christoph Grander ◽  
Martin Gögele ◽  
Luisa Foco ◽  
Vladimir Vukovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Stiffness ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by triglyceride accumulation in the hepatocytes in the absence of alcohol overconsumption, commonly associated with insulin resistance and obesity. Both NAFLD and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are characterized by an altered microbiota composition, however the role of the microbiota in NAFLD and T2D is not well understood. To assess the relationship between alteration in the microbiota and NAFLD while dissecting the role of T2D, we established a nested study on T2D and non-T2D individuals within the Cooperative Health Research In South Tyrol (CHRIS) study, called the CHRIS-NAFLD study. Here, we present the study protocol along with baseline and follow-up characteristics of study participants. Methods Among the first 4979 CHRIS study participants, 227 individuals with T2D were identified and recalled, along with 227 age- and sex-matched non-T2D individuals. Participants underwent ultrasound and transient elastography examination to evaluate the presence of hepatic steatosis and liver stiffness. Additionally, sampling of saliva and faeces, biochemical measurements and clinical interviews were carried out. Results We recruited 173 T2D and 183 non-T2D participants (78% overall response rate). Hepatic steatosis was more common in T2D (63.7%) than non-T2D (36.3%) participants. T2D participants also had higher levels of liver stiffness (median 4.8 kPa, interquartile range (IQR) 3.7, 5.9) than non-T2D participants (median 3.9 kPa, IQR 3.3, 5.1). The non-invasive scoring systems like the NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) suggests an increased liver fibrosis in T2D (mean − 0.55, standard deviation, SD, 1.30) than non-T2D participants (mean − 1.30, SD, 1.17). Discussion Given the comprehensive biochemical and clinical characterization of study participants, once the bioinformatics classification of the microbiota will be completed, the CHRIS-NAFLD study will become a useful resource to further our understanding of the relationship between microbiota, T2D and NAFLD.

Alleviating effects of noni fruit polysaccharide on hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation in rats under a high-fat diet and its possible mechanisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 2953-2968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobing Yang ◽  
Wenjing Mo ◽  
Chuanjin Zheng ◽  
Wenzhi Li ◽  
Jian Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Hepatic Oxidative Stress ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with gut microbiota, oxidative stress, and inflammation.

A study of the prebiotic-like effects of tomato juice consumption in rats with diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 3542-3552 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. García-Alonso ◽  
R. González-Barrio ◽  
G. Martín-Pozuelo ◽  
N. Hidalgo ◽  
I. Navarro-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Tomato Juice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Tomato juice intake partially ameliorated high-fat diet-induced disturbances of gut microbiota, particularly by increasingLactobacillusabundance and diminishing the acetate to propionate ratio.

scholarly journals NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE IN THE CONTEXT OF ALTERED GUT MICROBIOTA

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 1007-1010
Author(s):  
Tetyana V. Koval ◽  
Ivan V. Chopey ◽  
Mykhaylo M. Hechko ◽  
Artur V. Kurakh
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The aim: To analyze the relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and changes in the gut microbiota. Materials and methods: The publications of domestic and foreign editions in the databases of the United European Gastroenterology (UEG) Journal, PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science were processed and analyzed. Conclusions: In recent years, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was placed among the important diseases in gastroenterology. During this time, more and more data appear on the link between changes in the human intestinal microbiome and the development of metabolic diseases, including NAFLD. Contemporary research has indeed found evidence of such a relationship. Thus, some strains of microorganisms have been identified in more detail, which directly or indirectly affect the development or course of the above-mentioned disease. For a better understanding of the strategies for the treatment of pathologies, it is necessary to delve into the study of etiological factors, therefore, NAFLC cannot be considered a pathology that has been sufficiently studied. Indeed, recent data indicate that the development and severity of the course of the disease are not always associated with the physiological processes already known to us.

scholarly journals Qinghua Fang inhibits high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating gut microbiota

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 3219-3234
Author(s):  
Yiqun Wang ◽  
Shengxia Lv ◽  
Tianbai Shen ◽  
Minchao Ye ◽  
Dehe Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
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