scholarly journals Conjugated Linoleic Acid Isomers Affect Profile of Lipid Compounds and Intensity of Their Oxidation in Heart of Rats with Chemically-Induced Mammary Tumors—Preliminary Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Białek ◽  
Agnieszka Białek ◽  
Marian Czauderna
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Shared Risk

Breast cancer and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have shared risk factors and mechanisms of pathogenicity, as proven by increased cardiac risk in breast cancer patients receiving anticancerogenic therapies and in cancer survivors. A growing mammary tumor may cause heart injury in cancer patients who have not yet been treated. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation of female rats with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced cancerogenesis on fatty acids (FAs), conjugated FAs (CFAs), malondialdehyde (MDA), cholesterol and oxysterols content in cardiac tissue. FAs, cholesterol and oxysterols contents were determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, while the contents of CFAs and MDA were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode detection. Our results indicate that both CLA supplementation and the presence of tumors influence the lipid biomarkers of CVD. A significant interaction of both experimental factors was observed in the content of polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs), n-6 PUFAs and CFAs. CLA supplementation significantly inhibited PUFA oxidation, as evidenced by the lower content of MDA in rats’ hearts, while the cancerous process intensified the oxidation of cholesterol, as confirmed by the elevated levels of 7-ketocholesterol in DMBA-treated rats. These results may significantly expand knowledge about CLA properties in terms of the prevention of co-existing non-communicable diseases.

Conjugated Linoleic Acid Content in Breast Adipose Tissue of Breast Cancer Patients and the Risk of Metastasis

2003 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Chajès ◽  
Flore Lavillonnière ◽  
Virginie Maillard ◽  
Bruno Giraudeau ◽  
Marie-Lise Jourdan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Linoleic Acid Content ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Adipose Tissue ◽  
Breast Adipose

scholarly journals Prevalence of RECQL germline variants in Pakistani early-onset and familial breast cancer patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman Rashid ◽  
Noor Muhammad ◽  
Faiz Ali Khan ◽  
Umara Shehzad ◽  
Humaira Naeemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Familial Breast Cancer ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Germline Variants ◽  
Variants Of Unknown Significance ◽  
Breast Cancer Predisposition ◽  
Novel Variants

Abstract Background The RecQ Like Helicase (RECQL) gene has previously been shown to predispose to breast cancer mainly in European populations, in particular to estrogen receptor (ER) and/or progesterone receptor (PR) positive tumor. Here, we investigated the contribution of pathogenic RECQL germline variants to hereditary breast cancer in early-onset and familial breast cancer patients from Pakistan. Methods Comprehensive RECQL variant analysis was performed in 302 BRCA1 and BRCA2 negative patients with ER and/or PR positive breast tumors using denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography followed by DNA sequencing. Novel variants were classified using Sherloc guidelines. Results One novel pathogenic protein-truncating variant (p.W75*) was identified in a 37-year-old familial breast cancer patient. The pathogenic variant frequencies were 0.3% (1/302) in early-onset and familial breast cancer patients and 0.8% (1/133) in familial patients. Further, three novel variants of unknown significance, p.I141F, p.S182S, and p.C475C, were identified in familial breast cancer patients at the age of 47, 68, and 47 respectively. All variants were absent in 250 controls. Conclusions Our data suggest that the RECQL gene plays a negligible role in breast cancer predisposition in Pakistan.

scholarly journals Letrozole Accelerates Metabolic Remodeling through Activation of Glycolysis in Cardiomyocytes: A Role beyond Hormone Regulation

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 547
Author(s):  
Jun H. Heo ◽  
Sang R. Lee ◽  
Seong Lae Jo ◽  
Hyun Yang ◽  
Hye Won Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Hormone Regulation ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Metabolic Remodeling

Estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer patients are recommended hormone therapy as a primary adjuvant treatment after surgery. Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are widely administered to ER+ breast cancer patients as estrogen blockers; however, their safety remains controversial. The use of letrozole, an AI, has been reported to cause adverse cardiovascular effects. We aimed to elucidate the effects of letrozole on the cardiovascular system. Female rats exposed to letrozole for four weeks showed metabolic changes, i.e., decreased fatty acid oxidation, increased glycolysis, and hypertrophy in the left ventricle. Although lipid oxidation yields more ATP than carbohydrate metabolism, the latter predominates in the heart under pathological conditions. Reduced lipid metabolism is attributed to reduced β-oxidation due to low circulating estrogen levels. In letrozole-treated rats, glycolysis levels were found to be increased in the heart. Furthermore, the levels of glycolytic enzymes were increased (in a high glucose medium) and the glycolytic rate was increased in vitro (H9c2 cells); the same was not true in the case of estrogen treatment. Reduced lipid metabolism and increased glycolysis can lower energy supply to the heart, resulting in predisposition to heart failure. These data suggest that a letrozole-induced cardiac metabolic remodeling, i.e., a shift from β-oxidation to glycolysis, may induce cardiac structural remodeling.

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness of using protons in breast cancer patients aiming at reducing cardiotoxicity: A risk-stratification analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Li ◽  
Yun-Fei Xia ◽  
Yi-Xiang Huang ◽  
Deniz Okat ◽  
Bo Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
Cardiac Risk Factor ◽  
General Level ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Intensity Modulated

Abstract Purpose Incidental exposure of heart to ionizing irradiation is associated with an increased risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in breast cancer patients after radiotherapy. Intensity-modulated proton radiation therapy (IMPT) offers a promise in limiting the mean heart dose (MHD) in breast irradiation to a negligible level. However, the uncertainty in cost-effectiveness hinders its use. This cost-effectiveness analysis aims to identify patients in appropriate risk groups as targets for IMPT. Methods A Markov decision model was designed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of IMPT versus intensity-modulated photon-radiation therapy (IMRT) in reducing the irradiation-related IHD risk. Baseline evaluation was performed on 50-year-old women patient without preexisting cardiac risk factor (CRF). Stratified for preexisting cardiac risk and photon MHD, cost-effective scenarios under different proton cost and willingness-to-pay (WTP) were identified for 40-, 50- and 60-year-old patients. Results With baseline set-ups, incremental effectiveness (IE) ranged from 0.025 quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) to 0.135 QALY when photon MHD varied from 3 to 16 Gy; IE increased from 0.043 QALY to 0.964 QALY when preexisting cardiac risk increased from the baseline level to its 10 times. IMPT was not cost-effective to patients without preexisting CRF. At the WTP of China, once proton cost reduced to $20,000, IMPT would be cost-effective to ≤ 50-year-old women patients having preexisting cardiac risk of general-population level. Conclusion Patient’s preexisting cardiac risk level should be a main consideration for the clinical decision of using protons; protons may become cost-effective to general-level patients if a substantial decrease in proton cost occurs in the future.

CYP2D6 genotype and adverse effects as indicators of plasma endoxifen in breast cancer patients taking tamoxifen.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 550-550
Author(s):  
Bavanthi Balakrishnar ◽  
Alexander M. Menzies ◽  
Sayed Sahanawaz Ali ◽  
Shang Heng Yeap ◽  
Bo Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Therapeutic Monitoring ◽  
Cyp2d6 Genotype ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Related Factors

550 Background: Tamoxifen is a prodrug. Its principal active metabolite endoxifen is a product of cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) metabolism. The CYP2D6 gene is highly polymorphic with a number of relatively common reduced function alleles. The aim of this study was to determine whether plasma endoxifen levels were reflected by CYP2D6 genotype or adverse effects in individuals taking tamoxifen. Methods: Plasma endoxifen was measured by High Performance Liquid Chromatography / Mass Spectroscopy in 90 breast cancer patients taking 20mg tamoxifen per day. Ten CYP2D6 single nucleotide polymorphisms were assessed to designate four putative CYP2D6 functional categories: ultra-rapid (UM), extensive (EM), intermediate (IM) and poor (PM) metabolizers. CYP2D6 inhibitor use and adverse effects were documented. The study was part of an ongoing Australian trial of tamoxifen dose escalation. Results: There was marked variation in plasma endoxifen levels across the cohort (mean 27.6 nM, SD 14.3). Endoxifen levels were significantly associated with metabolizer categories (p<0.001, r= -0.44), but were not distinctive between categories. For example, in the EM category (n=46) endoxifen levels ranged from 3.8-72.2 nM (mean 32.6 nM) with levels in the lowest quartile (3.8-19.7 nM) substantially overlapping the PM category (n=11); 6.1-24.7 nM. Consistent with an impact of non-CYP2D6 genotype related factors on endoxifen levels, endoxifen was significantly lower in 18 patients taking CYP2D6 inhibitor medications (p=0.005). There was no association between endoxifen levels and vasomotor symptoms or other adverse effects of tamoxifen. Conclusions: Endoxifen levels were highly variable in patients taking standard dose tamoxifen, and not predicted by CYP2D6 genotype or adverse effects. Therapeutic monitoring of endoxifen levels may be a useful approach to assess tamoxifen activity.

Impact of cardiologist monitoring on inpatient hospitalizations in breast cancer patients receiving doxorubicin.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e19168-e19168
Author(s):  
Karna Sheth ◽  
Maria Fabbiano ◽  
Melinda Hill ◽  
Jennifer Webster
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Outpatient Service ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Toxic Agent ◽  
Financial Outcomes ◽  
Start Date ◽  
Diagnosis Codes ◽  
Inpatient Hospitalizations

e19168 Background: Value-based care (VBC) programs, like Medicare’s Oncology Care Model (OCM), hold medical oncology practices financially responsible for their patients’ cancer and non-cancer expenses. A well established factor in financial success under OCM is the complete capture of hierarchical condition categories (HCCs). Within Integra Connect’s OCM Network, one-third of all breast cancer IP was due to non-cancer HCCs with about 40% of non-cancer IP due to a cardiology-related HCC (Cardiac HCC IP). We evaluated Cardiac HCC IP rates in breast cancer patients receiving doxorubicin or docetaxel with or without Cardiologist Monitoring (Card-M). Methods: Retrospective claims review was performed from 11 practices with an episode start date July 1, 2016 – July 1, 2018. Cardiac HCC IP was identified using inpatient principal or admitting diagnosis codes matched to CMS-HCC Model Category V_22 ICD-10 diagnoses. Cardiac HCC IP rate was number of admissions per 100 episodes. Cardiologist monitored (Card-M) were patients with an office or non-emergency outpatient service by a cardiology specialist during their episode, unless their 1st cardiologist service was on or after a Cardiac IP or ED visit. Results: For both agents, Card-M patients had lower Cardiac HCC IP rates and higher % with Cardiac HCC coded vs. No Card-M. Conclusions: The results suggest that doxorubicin cardiotoxicity significantly contributes to OCM IP utilization and this risk can be mitigated but not eliminated by cardiologist monitoring. An unexpected benefit of increased HCC coding appears to be improved clinical and financial outcomes for patients when comorbidities are identified and managed, in this case by either selecting a less toxic agent or by ensuring that the patient is followed by a cardiologist. Specialist referral may be able to minimize non-cancer expense. Note that increase cost from cardiologist services may offset cardiac HCC IP savings. Improved quality of life may also be a consideration. This methodology excludes patients who have cardiac risk that is undetected. Moving forward, we may attempt to develop predictive models to identify these patients. [Table: see text]

Screening breast cancer patients forATM mutations and polymorphisms by using denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 200-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Atencio ◽  
Christopher M. Iannuzzi ◽  
Sheryl Green ◽  
Richard G. Stock ◽  
Jonine L. Bernstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients
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