scholarly journals Protective Effects of Dietary MUFAs Mediating Metabolites against Hypertension Risk in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hansongyi Lee ◽  
Han Byul Jang ◽  
Min-Gyu Yoo ◽  
Kyung-Sook Chung ◽  
Hye-Ja Lee
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Epidemiology Study ◽  
Hypertension Risk ◽  
New Onset

Background and Aims: Metabolites related to dietary factors can be used to identify biological markers to prevent metabolic disease. However, most studies have been conducted in the United States and Europe, and those in the Asian region are limited. We investigated the effects of dietary monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and metabolites on new-onset hypertension in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Method and Results: A total of 1529 subjects without hypertension were divided into tertiles of dietary MUFAs intake. After a 4-year follow-up, 135 serum metabolites were measured using the AbsoluteIDQ p180 kit. During the 4-year follow-up period, 193 new-onset hypertension incidences were observed. The highest MUFAs intake group was inversely associated with the risk of hypertension compared with the lowest MUFAs intake group (odds ratio (OR) = 0.49, (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.29–0.82)). Of the 135 metabolites, eight were significantly associated with MUFAs intake. Phosphatidylcholine-diacyl (PC aa) C 38:1 and hydroxysphingomyelin (SM OH) C 16:1 were associated with a decrease in hypertension risk (PC aa C 38:1, OR = 0.60 (95% CI = 0.37–0.96); SM OH C 16:1, OR = 0.42 (95% CI = 0.20–0.90)). The highest MUFAs intake group had a significantly decreased risk of hypertension, even considering PC aa C 38:1 and SM (OH) C 16:1 as a mediator. Conclusion: We confirmed that dietary MUFAs intake, and PC aa C 38:1 and SM (OH) C 16:1 had protective effects against hypertension. Furthermore, high MUFAs intake combined with PC aa C 38:1 and SM (OH) C 16:1 has the most significant effect on reducing the risk hypertension.

Abstract P488: Discrimination and Hypertension Risk Among African Americans in The Jackson Heart Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Allana T Forde ◽  
Mario Sims ◽  
Paul Muntner ◽  
Tené Lewis ◽  
Amanda Onwuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
African Americans ◽  
The United States ◽  
Jackson Heart Study ◽  
Incident Hypertension ◽  
Hypertension Risk ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Low Levels

Background: African Americans have a higher risk for hypertension compared to other racial or ethnic groups in the United States. One possible explanation for this health disparity is perceived discrimination. Few studies have prospectively examined the association between discrimination and the incidence of hypertension. Methods: We examined the associations of everyday, lifetime, and stress from lifetime discrimination with incident hypertension and whether these associations differed by sex, discrimination attribution (i.e. the main reason for the discrimination event), and coping responses to discrimination among African Americans enrolled in the Jackson Heart Study. Discrimination was self-reported by 1845 African Americans aged 21 to 85 years without hypertension at baseline (2000-2004). Participants completed two follow-up study visits from 2005-2008 and 2009-2013. We used interval-censored Cox regression to estimate associations of discrimination with incident hypertension (antihypertensive medication use; and/or systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mm Hg at follow-up visits 2 or 3) after adjustment for confounding variables. Results: Overall, 52% (954 of 1845) of participants developed hypertension over the follow-up period. After adjustment for age, sex, education and hypertension risk factors (body mass index, alcohol use, smoking, diet and physical activity), medium versus low levels of lifetime discrimination (hazard ratio-HR: 1.45, 95% confidence interval-CI: 1.15-1.82) and high versus low levels of lifetime discrimination (HR: 1.35, CI: 1.08-1.68) were associated with a higher incidence of hypertension. High versus low stress from lifetime discrimination was associated with hypertension risk after adjustment for demographics (HR: 1.20, CI: 1.02-1.41), but the association was attenuated after adjustment for hypertension risk factors (HR: 1.14, CI: 0.97-1.35). Lifetime discrimination and stress from discrimination were associated with an increased hypertension risk among females, but not males. No interactions with age, attribution or coping were present for any type of discrimination. Conclusions: Findings from this study support an association between lifetime discrimination and incident hypertension in African Americans.

scholarly journals Pancreatic and gut hormones as predictors of new-onset prediabetes after non-necrotising acute pancreatitis: a prospective longitudinal cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakina H Bharmal ◽  
Wandia Kimita ◽  
Juyeon Ko ◽  
Maxim S Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Gut Hormones ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Cohort ◽  
New Onset

Objective: Early identification of individuals at a high risk for metabolic derangements after an attack of acute pancreatitis (AP) is critical with a view to tertiary preventing of this disease. The aim was to investigate whether fasting pancreatic and gut hormones at baseline were predictive of future risk of new-onset prediabetes after acute pancreatitis (NOPAP) in individuals with non-necrotising AP. Methods: This was a prospective longitudinal cohort study that included 69 consecutive non-diabetic participants with AP, of whom 55% (n=38) had normoglycaemia both at baseline and during follow-up, 25% (n=17) had prediabetes both at baseline and during follow-up, and 20% (n=14) were normoglycaemic at baseline but developed NOPAP during follow-up. The associations between the study groups and circulating fasting levels of pancreatic and gut hormones (insulin, C-peptide, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide, glucagon-like peptide-1, pancreatic polypeptide, and peptide YY) were studied using multinomial regression in both unadjusted and adjusted analyses. Results: Elevated plasma insulin and glucagon at baseline were significantly associated with NOPAP (adjusted odds ratio 1.99, 95% confidence interval 1.01 to 3.92; and adjusted odds ratio 3.44, 95% confidence interval 1.06 to 11.19, respectively). The same hormones had no significant association with antecedent prediabetes in AP. The other studied hormones were not significantly associated with the study groups. Conclusions: Normoglycaemic AP individuals with elevated fasting levels of insulin and glucagon at baseline constitute a high-risk group for future NOPAP.

Lifestyle factors and varicose veins: does cross-sectional design result in underestimate of the risk?

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
T M Ahti ◽  
L A Mäkivaara ◽  
T Luukkaala ◽  
M Hakama ◽  
J O Laurikka
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Women Smokers ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Design Result

Objectives To assess whether smoking, alcohol drinking and dietary factors are linked with varicose veins. Methods A middle-aged general population of 4903 was studied, and prevalence rates at entry and five-year incidence of varicose veins were assessed. Lifestyle habits were recorded at entry and at the end of the follow-up. Results New varicose veins were significantly more common in individuals with regular alcohol intake, incidence odds ratio (OR) 1.5 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05–2.3) in a multivariate analysis (of 2202 individuals). The association was particularly strong in women. Smokers had a higher incidence of varicose veins compared with non-smokers, OR 1.3 (95% CI: 0.9–1.8), but without statistical significance. Having daily meals of meat implied less new varicose veins than having 0–2 weekly meals of meat. Conclusion Alcohol was likely to increase the risk of varicose veins in women and smoking in both genders. These findings were seen in the follow-up design, but not when the data of these risk factors were compared with varicose veins prevalent at entry.

scholarly journals Diet-Related Risk Factors for Incident Hypertension During an 11-Year Follow-Up: The Korean Genome Epidemiology Study

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Lee ◽  
Hyesook Park
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Population Attributable Fraction ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Epidemiology Study ◽  
High Intake ◽  
Incident Hypertension

Using long-term follow-up cohort data from the Korean Genome Epidemiology Study, we assessed the dietary risk factors for incident hypertension (HTN). In total, 6792 subjects (3300 males and 3492 females) aged 40–69 years were included in the study. Physician-diagnosed HTN self-reported by the participants was used as the outcome. Daily intake of 20 food groups was assessed while using a dish-based semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. After controlling for known risk factors, the food groups that were most closely associated with HTN were identified by forward stepwise selection while using the Cox proportional hazards model. The median follow-up period was 11.5 years (interquartile range, 6.0–11.7 years) and the incidence of HTN was 20 per 1000 person-years. Older age, obesity, lower education level, high alcohol intake, and having at least one parent with HTN were associated with the risk for HTN. In addition, a high intake of salted seafood and a low intake of eggs and meat were independently associated with the incidence of HTN after controlling for the known risk factors. Those in the top quartile of salted seafood intake had a 28% greater risk for incident HTN than those in the bottom quartile. The population-attributable fraction of three dietary factors accounted for 29.0% of the incidence of HTN. A high intake of salted seafood and a low intake of eggs and meat were associated with a greater risk for HTN.

scholarly journals Association of immunity markers with the risk of incident frailty: the Rugao longitudinal aging study

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Meng Hao ◽  
Zixin Hu ◽  
Yi Li ◽  
Xiaoyan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Platelet To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Longitudinal Aging Study ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
New Onset

Abstract Background The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) are readily available circulatory immunity markers that are associated with components of frailty. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between these immunity markers and frailty, and it remains unknown whether they are predictive of incident frailty in older adults in general. Hence, we aimed to examine the association of these immunity markers with the risk of incident frailty. Results Overall, 1822 older adults (mean age was 78.03 ± 4.46 years) were included in the Rugao Longitudinal Aging Study. NLR, PLR and SII were calculated from blood cell counts. The frailty definition was based on the Fried phenotype. At baseline, 200 (10.98%) individuals were defined as frailty, and no significant associations of NLR, PLR and SII with frailty were found. During the 2-year follow-up, 180 (15.67%) individuals were new-onset frailty. After adjustment, an increased logNLR (odds ratio [OR] 2.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.20–7.18), logPLR (OR 2.54, 95% CI: 1.01–6.53) and logSII (OR 2.34, 95% CI: 1.16–4.78) were significantly associated with a higher risk of incident frailty in all individuals. Additionally, the associations of logNLR (OR 4.21, 95% CI 1.54–11.62 logPLR (OR 3.38, 95% CI: 1.17–9.91) and logSII (OR 2.56, 95% CI: 1.15–5.72) with incident frailty were remained after excluding individuals with comorbidities. In further analyzed, individuals with higher levels of NLR and SII had higher risk of incident frailty when we stratified individuals by quartiles of these immunity markers. Conclusion NLR and SII are easily obtained immunity markers that could be used to predict incident frailty in clinical practice.

Prospective association of confectionery intake with depressive symptoms among Japanese workers: The Furukawa Nutrition and Health Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Nao Shimmura ◽  
Akiko Nanri ◽  
Ikuko Kashino ◽  
Takeshi Kochi ◽  
Masafumi Eguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
Prospective Association

Abstract High intake of sweet foods such as cakes, cookies, chocolate, and ice cream has been reported to be associated with depressive symptoms. However, prospective studies are scarce and no study has been conducted in Asian populations. We prospectively investigated the association between confectionery intake and depressive symptoms in a Japanese working population. Participants were 911 workers (812 men and 99 women; aged 19-68 years) without depressive symptoms at baseline who completed a 3-year follow-up survey. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated self-administered diet history questionnaire. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio of depressive symptoms according to tertile of confectionery intake with adjustment for covariates. At the time of the 3-year follow-up survey, 153 (16.8%) workers were newly identified as having depressive symptoms (CES-D score ≥16). Confectionery intake was significantly associated with increased odds of developing depressive symptoms. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratio of depressive symptoms for the highest versus lowest tertile of confectionery intake was 1.72 (95% confidence interval 1.03-2.86) after adjustment for covariates including dietary factors such as folate, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, magnesium, zinc, and soft drink (P for trend = 0.012). Our results suggest that confectionery intake is associated with a higher risk of depressive symptoms in a Japanese working population predominantly comprised of men.

scholarly journals 1016 Multiple Sleep Disturbances and Hypertension Risk Among White, Black, and Hispanic/Latina Women

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A386-A386
Author(s):  
J Lunyera ◽  
Y M Park ◽  
J B Ward ◽  
S A Gaston ◽  
N A Bhavsar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Hypertension Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms

Abstract Introduction Poor sleep has been associated with a higher risk of hypertension, but few prospective studies have included multiple sleep dimensions and few have investigated age differences or racial/ethnic disparities in this relationship among pre- and post-menopausal women. Methods To investigate the association between sleep disturbances and hypertension risk, we used data from women in the United States enrolled in the Sister Study who were aged 35 to 74 years at baseline (2003 to 2009) and did not have hypertension at enrollment. Participants were followed through September 2017. Sleep duration, inconsistent weekly sleep patterns, sleep debt, frequent napping, and insomnia symptoms were reported at baseline. During follow-up, participants reported whether they were diagnosed by a healthcare provider with hypertension. Adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, and health conditions including diabetes and depression, we used Cox Proportional Hazards regression to estimate hypertension risk among women with vs. without unfavorable sleep characteristics. We also investigated potential modification by race/ethnicity, age,and menopausal status. Results Of 33,175 women without hypertension at baseline (mean age ± standard deviation: 53.9 ±8.8 years; 88.8% White, 6.4% Black, and 4.9% Hispanic/Latina), 19.9% developed hypertension over a median follow-up of 9.2 years (interquartile range: 7.6 to 10.9). After adjustment, insomnia symptoms (hazard ratio[HR]=1.08 (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.03-1.15)) and insomnia symptoms combined with short sleep (HR=1.14 (95% CI: 1.06-1.23)) were associated with incident hypertension. While similar across race/ethnicity, these associations were stronger in younger (age <54 vs. ≥54 years) and premenopausal vs. postmenopausal women (p-values for interaction <0.05). Conclusion Sleep disturbances related to insomnia were associated with an increased risk of hypertension, especially among younger and premenopausal women. Support This work was funded by the Intramural Program at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS, Z1AES103325-01 [CLJ] and Z01 ES044005 [DPS]).

scholarly journals The emerging plasma biomarker Dickkopf-3 (DKK3) and its association with renal and cardiovascular disease in the general population

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnold Piek ◽  
Leonie Smit ◽  
Navin Suthahar ◽  
Stephan J. L. Bakker ◽  
Rudolf A. de Boer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
General Population ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
New Onset

AbstractDickkopf-3 (DKK3) is an emerging biomarker for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Herein, baseline DKK3 plasma levels were measured in 8420 subjects from the Prevention of Renal and Vascular ENd-stage Disease (PREVEND) cohort, a large general population cohort, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Associations with clinical variables and outcomes were analysed. Median DKK3 level was 32.8 ng/ml (28.0–39.0). In multivariable linear regression analysis, the strongest correlates for plasma DKK3 were age, body mass index and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). At baseline, 564 (6.7%) subjects had CVD (defined as a myocardial infarction and/or cerebrovascular accident) and 1361 (16.2%) subjects had CKD (defined as eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m2 and/or urinary albumin excretion (UAE) > 30 mg/24 h). Of subjects with known CVD and CKD follow-up status (respectively 7828 and 5548), 669 (8.5%) developed CVD and 951 (17.1%) developed CKD (median follow-up respectively 12.5 and 10.2 years). Crude logistic regression analysis revealed that DKK3 levels were associated with prevalent CVD (Odds ratio: 2.14 [1.76–2.61] per DKK3 doubling, P < 0.001) and CKD (Odds ratio: 1.84 [1.59–2.13] per DKK3 doubling, P < 0.001). In crude Cox proportional hazard regression analysis, higher DKK3 levels were associated with higher risk for new-onset CVD (Hazard ratio: 1.47 [1.13–1.91] per DKK3 doubling, P = 0.004) and CKD (Hazard ratio: 1.45, [1.25–1.69] per DKK3 doubling, P < 0.001). However, these associations remained no longer significant after correction for common clinical variables and risk factors, though independently predicted for new-onset CKD in a subgroup of subjects with the lowest UAE values. Together, DKK3 plasma levels are associated with cardiovascular risk factors, but are generally not independently associated with prevalent and new-onset CVD and CKD and only predicted for new-onset CKD in those subjects with the lowest UAE values.

scholarly journals Discrimination and Hypertension Risk Among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study

Hypertension ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 715-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allana T. Forde ◽  
Mario Sims ◽  
Paul Muntner ◽  
Tené Lewis ◽  
Amanda Onwuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
African Americans ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Jackson Heart Study ◽  
Incident Hypertension ◽  
Hypertension Risk ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Low Levels

African Americans have a higher risk of hypertension compared with other racial or ethnic groups in the United States. One possible explanation for this disparity is discrimination. Few studies have examined the association between discrimination and incidence of hypertension. We examined whether everyday discrimination, lifetime discrimination, and stress from discrimination were associated with incident hypertension and whether these associations differed by gender, age, discrimination attribution, and coping responses to discrimination among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study. Discrimination was self-reported by 1845 African Americans aged 21 to 85 years without hypertension at baseline (2000–2004). Participants completed 2 follow-up study visits from 2005 to 2008 and 2009 to 2013. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate associations of discrimination with incident hypertension. Overall, 52% (n=954) of the participants developed hypertension over the follow-up period. After adjustment for age, gender, socioeconomic status and hypertension risk factors, medium versus low levels of lifetime discrimination (hazard ratio, 1.49 [95% CI, 1.18–1.89]), and high versus low levels of lifetime discrimination (hazard ratio, 1.34 [95% CI, 1.07–1.68]) were associated with a higher incidence of hypertension. No statistically significant interactions with gender, age, attribution, or coping were present. Higher stress from lifetime discrimination was associated with higher hypertension risk after adjustment for demographics (hazard ratio for high versus low, 1.19 [95% CI, 1.01–1.40]), but the association was attenuated after adjustment for hypertension risk factors (hazard ratio, 1.14 [95% CI, 0.97–1.35]). Lifetime discrimination may increase the risk of hypertension in African Americans.

scholarly journals The Impact of Aorto-mitral Angle on New Onset Atrial Arrhythmia after Mitral Valve Repair in Patients with Mitral Regurgitation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunsuke Kagawa ◽  
Yukio Abe ◽  
Yoshiki Matsumura ◽  
Nanaka Nomura ◽  
Kenji Shimeno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Mitral Valve Repair ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Atrial Arrhythmia ◽  
Valve Repair ◽  
Mitral Annuloplasty ◽  
New Onset

Background: We hypothesized that the post-operative aorto-mitral angle might relate to the occurrence of post-operative atrial arrhythmia (AA), including atrial fibrillation and atrial tachycardia, after mitral valve repair in patients with mitral regurgitation (MR). The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of the post-operative aorto-mitral angle on new onset AA after mitral valve repair with mitral annuloplasty for treating MR. Methods: One-hundred seventy-two patients without any history of AA underwent mitral valve repair with mitral annuloplasty in our institution between 2008 and 2017. Patient information, including medical records and echocardiographic data, were retrospectively studied. Results: AA occurred in 15 (8.7%) patients during the follow-up period (median, 35.7 months; range, 0.5-132 months). The patients with AA had a longer cardiopulmonary bypass time and a smaller aorto-mitral angle at post-operative TTE than the others (119 ± 6 degrees vs. 125 ± 10 degrees, P = 0.003). There was no significant difference in the degree of post-operative residual MR or functional MS between the groups. In a multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis, the longer cardiopulmonary bypass time and the smaller post-operative aorto-mitral angle were independent predictors of the occurrence of AA during the follow-up period (odds ratio per 10 minutes 1.11; 95% CI 1.02-1.22, P = 0.019: odds ratio 0.91; 95% CI 0.85-0.98, P = 0.012). Conclusion: A small aorto-mitral angle at post-operative TTE was a predictor of new onset AA after a mitral valve repair for treating MR.

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