scholarly journals Food Addiction Is Associated with Irrational Beliefs via Trait Anxiety and Emotional Eating

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence J. Nolan ◽  
Steve M. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Food Addiction ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Behavioral Therapies ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapies ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Irrational beliefs (IB) are believed, in cognitive behavioral therapies, to be a prime cause of psychopathologies including anxiety, depression, problem eating, and alcohol misuse. “Food addiction” (FA), which has been modeled on diagnostic criteria for substance use disorder, and emotional eating (EE) have both been implicated in the rise in overweight and obesity. Both FA and EE are associated with anxiety. Thus, in the present study, the hypothesis that IB is associated with FA and with EE was tested. Furthermore, possible mediation of these relationships by trait anxiety and depression (and EE for IB and FA) was examined. The responses of 239 adult participants to questionnaires measuring FA, IB, EE, depression, trait anxiety, and anthropometrics were recorded. The results revealed that IB was significantly positively correlated with FA and EE (and depression and trait anxiety). Furthermore, only EE mediated the effect of IB on FA and this was not moderated by BMI. Finally, trait anxiety (but not depression) mediated the effect of IB on EE. Exploratory analysis revealed a significant serial mediation such that IB predicted higher FA via elevated trait anxiety and emotional eating in that order. The results of this study suggest that IB may be a source of the anxiety that is associated with EE and FA and suggest that clinicians may find IB a target for treatment of those persons who report experiences of EE and FA. IB may play a role in food misuse that leads to elevated BMI.

Differentiating anxiety and depression: the State-Trait Anxiety-Depression Inventory

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1409-1423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl-Heinz Renner ◽  
Michael Hock ◽  
Ralf Bergner-Köther ◽  
Lothar Laux
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
The State ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Anxiety Depression

The Relationship Between Communication Attitude, Anxiety, and Depression in Stutterers and Nonstutterers

1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 789-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Miller ◽  
Ben C. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
General State ◽  
Severity Rating ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Communication Situations ◽  
Negative Communication ◽  
State And Trait Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship

People who stutter are frequently viewed as more anxious than nonstutterers and as being depressed. Further, a strong and pervasive stereotype is held by nonstutterers that people who stutter are guarded, nervous, and tense. This study examined self-perceptions of general state and trait anxiety, depression, and communication attitude in matched groups of stutterers and nonstutterers. Results refute the assertion that people who stutter are more anxious or depressed than those who do not. Anxiety and depression are not related to self-ratings of stuttering severity. Communication attitude is negative for this group of people who stutter and becomes increasingly negative as self-ratings of stuttering become more severe. People who stutter, grouped by severity rating, differed in the strength of the relation between measures of communication attitude, anxiety, and depression. Findings suggest that the anxiety of people who stutter is restricted to their attitude towards communication situations and that it is a rational response to negative communication experiences.

scholarly journals An Empirical Assessment of REBT Models of Psychopathology and Psychological Health in the Prediction of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 600-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horea-Radu Oltean ◽  
Philip Hyland ◽  
Frédérique Vallières ◽  
Daniel Ovidiu David
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Aims: This study aimed to assess the validity of two models which integrate the cognitive (satisfaction with life) and affective (symptoms of anxiety and depression) aspects of subjective well-being within the framework of rational emotive behaviour therapy (REBT) theory; specifically REBT's theory of psychopathology and theory of psychological health. Method: 397 Irish and Northern Irish undergraduate students completed measures of rational/irrational beliefs, satisfaction with life, and anxiety/depression symptoms. Structural equation modelling techniques were used in order to test our hypothesis within a cross-sectional design. Results: REBT's theory of psychopathology (χ2 = 373.78, d.f. = 163, p < .001; comparative fit index (CFI) = .92; Tucker Lewis index (TLI) = .91; root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = .06 (95% CI = .05 to .07); standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) = .07) and psychological health (χ2 = 371.89, d.f. = 181, p < .001; CFI = .93; TLI = .92; RMSEA = .05 (95% CI = .04 to .06); SRMR = .06) provided acceptable fit of the data. Moreover, the psychopathology model explained 34% of variance in levels of anxiety/depression, while the psychological health model explained 33% of variance. Conclusions: This study provides important findings linking the fields of clinical and positive psychology within a comprehensible framework for both researchers and clinicians. Findings are discussed in relation to the possibility of more effective interventions, incorporating and targeting not only negative outcomes, but also positive concepts within the same model.

scholarly journals ANKK1/DRD2 gene Taq1A polymorphism (rs1800497) as a possible genetic marker of food-addiction-related eating disturbances in overweight patients

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-63
Author(s):  
A. A. Kibitov ◽  
E. D. Kasyanov ◽  
G. V. Rukavishnikov ◽  
N. A. Chuprova ◽  
A. V. Bobrovsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Food Addiction ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Eating Disturbances ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Eat 26

Controlling the epidemic of overweight and obesity is one of the major challenges to modern healthcare. One of the possible causes of overweight and obesity can be food addiction manifesting as overeating and other eating disturbances (ED).We conducted a cross-sectional study to test the association between addiction-related ANKK1/DRD2 gene Taq1A polymorphism (rs1800497) and ED in overweight patients. Overall, 527 outpatients (469 (89,0%) females, 58 (11,0%) males; mean ± SD: BMI — 35,8±7,3 kg/m2; age — 46,7±11,8 years) of European ancestry were included in the study. Eating Disorder Examination — Questionnaire (EDE-Q), Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) were used to assess the ED. We also used Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRDS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) and Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) to assess depressive, anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disturbances respectively. DNA was extracted from blood samples and polymorphism rs1800497 was detected by RT-PCR.According to the dominant genetic model, carriers of minor T allele (“CT+TT” group) in contrast to wild-type allele homozygous patients (“CC” group) were younger (p=0,075) and demonstrated higher scores of EDE-Q (p=0,085) and emotional eating subscale of DEBQ (p=0,063). Moreover, among them the proportion of patients with high ED risk was significantly increased vs. CC group: 1) EAT-26 score: 15,2% vs. 9,0%, OR=1,82 (CI95% (1,054-3,134), p=0,03; 2) EDE-Q score: 46,6% vs. 37,5%, OR=1,45 (CI95% (1,015-2,072), p=0,041. BMI was correlated with emotional eating subscale of DEBQ score in “CT+TT” group only (ρs =0,199, p=0,004). Correlation analysis showed weaker connections between ED and affective disturbances in “CT+TT” group.Our results show that carriers of the addiction-related T allele of ANKK1/DRD2 gene Taq1A polymorphism comprise the at-risk group for eating disturbances in overweight individuals. This may support the role of food addiction in overweight and obesity.

scholarly journals The Efficacy of Downward Counterfactual Thinking for Regulating Emotional Memories in Anxious Individuals

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Parikh ◽  
Felipe De Brigard ◽  
Kevin S. LaBar
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Counterfactual Thinking ◽  
Mental Simulation ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Emotional Memories ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Regulatory Impact ◽  
Counterfactual Thought ◽  
The Impact

Aversive autobiographical memories sometimes prompt maladaptive emotional responses and contribute to affective dysfunction in anxiety and depression. One way to regulate the impact of such memories is to create a downward counterfactual thought–a mental simulation of how the event could have been worse–to put what occurred in a more positive light. Despite its intuitive appeal, counterfactual thinking has not been systematically studied for its regulatory efficacy. In the current study, we compared the regulatory impact of downward counterfactual thinking, temporal distancing, and memory rehearsal in 54 adult participants representing a spectrum of trait anxiety. Participants recalled regretful experiences and rated them on valence, arousal, regret, and episodic detail. Two to six days later, they created a downward counterfactual of the remembered event, thought of how they might feel about it 10 years from now, or simply rehearsed it. A day later, participants re-rated the phenomenological characteristics of the events. Across all participants, downward counterfactual thinking, temporal distancing, and memory rehearsal were equally effective at reducing negative affect associated with a memory. However, in individuals with higher trait anxiety, downward counterfactual thinking was more effective than rehearsal for reducing regret, and it was as effective as distancing in reducing arousal. We discuss these results in light of the functional theory of counterfactual thinking and suggest that they motivate further investigation into downward counterfactual thinking as a means to intentionally regulate emotional memories in affective disorders.

scholarly journals The Psycho-Affective Roots of Obesity: Results from a French Study in the General Population

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2962
Author(s):  
Lena Bourdier ◽  
Melina Fatseas ◽  
Anne-Solène Maria ◽  
Arnaud Carre ◽  
Sylvie Berthoz
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Food Addiction ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation ◽  
Intuitive Eating ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Anxiety Depression

The aim of the study was to examine the extent to which obese people differ in their emotionally driven and addictive-like eating behaviors from normal-weight and overweight people. A total of 1142 participants were recruited from a general population, by a web-based cross-sectional survey assessing anxiety/depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), emotional eating (Emotional Appetite Questionnaire), food addiction (modified Yale Food Addiction Scale), and intuitive eating (Intuitive Eating Scale-2). The statistical design was based on analyses of (co)variance, correlograms, and mediations. A set of Body Mass Index (BMI) group comparisons showed that obese people reported higher levels of depression and emotional eating and that they experienced more severe and frequent food addiction symptoms than overweight and normal-weight people. Associations between anxiety, depression, food addiction symptoms’ count, and the difficulties to rely on hunger and satiety cues were found across all weight classes, suggesting that addictive-like eating may represent a unique phenotype of problematic eating behavior that is not synonymous with high BMI or obesity. Conversely, the interrelation between anxiety/depression, emotional eating, and the difficulties to rely on hunger and satiety cues was found only among obese participants, and negative emotional eating mediated the association between depression and anxiety and the difficulties to rely on hunger and satiety cues. This study emphasizes the necessity to develop more comprehensive approaches integrating emotional dysregulation and addictive-like eating behaviors to improve weight management and quality of life of obese people.

The Spielberger trait anxiety inventory measures more than anxiety

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 394-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hervé Caci ◽  
Franck J. Baylé ◽  
Christelle Dossios ◽  
Philippe Robert ◽  
Patrice Boyer
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Scale Factors ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Item Content ◽  
Anxiety Depression

AbstractObjectiveResearchers tried to explain the overlap between anxiety and depression by suggesting that some items of self-administered questionnaires were badly selected and that both constructs should rather be considered as multidimensional. Thus, we hypothesise that the Spielberger trait anxiety inventory (TAI) includes items related to depression.MethodA non-clinical sample of 193 subjects filled out the TAI and the Hospitalised Anxiety–Depression Scale. Factors were postulated on the basis of item content and submitted to confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).ResultsWe found five factors: a 10-item anxiety factor containing three factors, a four-item unsuccessfulness factor correlated with the HADS anhedonia factor, and a six-item happiness factor.ConclusionThe TAI scale encompasses measures of anxiety, depression and well-being. Consequently, the overlap with other measures of depression may result from item selection. This work awaits replication in independent normal and pathological samples.

Concurrent Validity of the Rational Behavior Inventory

1981 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce A. Thyer ◽  
James D. Papsdorf
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
Correlational Study ◽  
Rational Behavior ◽  
External Locus ◽  
State And Trait Anxiety ◽  
University Undergraduates ◽  
Anxiety Depression

In a correlational study of the premise that irrational beliefs are associated with psychopathology, greater levels of irrationality were significantly correlated with increased levels of state and trait anxiety, depression, and an external locus of control for 102 university undergraduates.

scholarly journals Association of psychological status with first diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis in men

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Maryna Koсhuieva ◽  
Vasyl Kushnir ◽  
Ivan Hrek
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Intensive Phase ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Anxiety Depression

The aim. Assessment of the initial psychological status of men with first diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis and the study of its associations with the clinical course of the disease. Materials and methods. The study involved 54 men with first diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis. Patients had a dynamic complex clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination with an assessment of the psychological status according to the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Results. The evaluating of initial psychological status in patients with first diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis, depressive states of varying severity were found in 47.05 % of patients, moderate state anxiety – in 74.51 % of patients, moderate trait anxiety – in 35.29 %. We revealed associations of the levels of anxiety and depression with the degree of bacterial excretion and the duration of the intensive phase of therapy. Conclusions. To assess the psychological status of patients with first diagnosed infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis, it is advisable to use the STAI and the BDI. Patients with first diagnosed infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis in 100 % of cases have psychological status disorders with a predominance of moderate state anxiety and the absence of depressive disorders in only half of them. More expressed violations of the psychological status (anxiety, depression) identifies patients who are married and have a steady job. In patients with first diagnosed infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis, an increase in the severity of anxiety and depression is associated with more expressed bacterial excretion, decrease in body weight, greater frequency of destruction of lung tissue, prevalence of the tuberculosis process by more than 2 lung segments, decrease in the effectiveness of standard therapy and prolongation intensive phase of treatment.

scholarly journals Food Addiction and Its Relationship to Weight- and Addiction-Related Psychological Parameters in Individuals With Overweight and Obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Pape ◽  
Stephan Herpertz ◽  
Stefanie Schroeder ◽  
Caroline Seiferth ◽  
Tanja Färber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Binge Eating Disorder ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Food Addiction ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Weight Bias ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Weight Bias Internalization

Background and Aims: It is assumed that a relevant subgroup of individuals experiences an addiction-like eating behaviour (Food Addiction), characterized by an impaired control over eating behaviour, emotional eating and food craving. Individuals experiencing Food Addiction partially share common symptomatology with Binge-Eating-Disorder and Bulimia Nervosa. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Food Addiction, general psychopathology, and associations with weight- and addiction-related constructs in individuals with overweight and obesity, who did not suffer from Binge-Eating-Disorder or Bulimia Nervosa.Methods:N=213 (67.1% female; MBMI=33.35kg/m2, SDBMI=3.79kg/m2) participants who were included in a weight loss program (I-GENDO project) reported BMI and completed questionnaires before the start of the treatment. Food Addiction severity, depressive symptoms, alcohol use disorder, internet use disorder, psychological distress, impulsivity personality trait, impulsive and emotional eating behaviour, food related inhibitory control, weight bias internalization, and self-efficacy were assessed.Results: The prevalence of Food Addiction was 15% with higher, although not statistically significant, prevalence in female (18.2%) compared to male (8.6%) participants. Food Addiction was associated with higher BMI at baseline assessment, low self-esteem, impulsive and emotional eating behaviour, weight bias internalization, and deficits in food-related inhibitory control. In addition, correlations were found between Food Addiction and severity of depressive symptoms, internet use disorder, and psychological distress.Conclusion: A relevant subgroup of participants experiences Food Addiction even when controlling for Binge-Eating-Disorder and Bulimia Nervosa. Future studies are warranted that investigate whether Food Addiction affects treatment success.

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