scholarly journals Diet in the Pathogenesis and Management of Ulcerative Colitis; A Review of Randomized Controlled Dietary Interventions

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli ◽  
Karen L. Madsen ◽  
Levinus A. Dieleman
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Disease Relapse ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
The Relationship

Epidemiological and experimental studies have suggested that diet is one of the environmental factors that contributes to the onset and pathophysiology of ulcerative colitis. Although many patients suffering from ulcerative colitis attribute their symptoms or disease relapse to dietary factors, only a few well-designed randomized controlled trials have been done to investigate the role of diet in the management of ulcerative colitis. Here, we review the potential mechanisms of the relationship between diet and pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis and summarize randomized controlled dietary interventions that have been conducted in ulcerative colitis patients.

scholarly journals Vitamin D supplementation, COVID-19 and disease severity: a meta-analysis

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Shah ◽  
D Saxena ◽  
D Mavalankar
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Abstract Objective: Current meta-analysis aims to understand the effect of oral supplementation of vitamin D on intensive care unit (ICU) requirement and mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Methods: Databases PubMed, preprint servers, and google scholar were searched from December 2019 to December 2020. Authors searched for the articles assessing role of vitamin D supplementation on COVID-19. Cochrane RevMan tool was used for quantitative assessment of the data, where heterogeneity was assessed using I2 and Q statistics and data was expressed using odds ratio with 95% confidence interval. Results: Final meta-analysis involved pooled data of 532 hospitalized patients (189 on vitamin D supplementation and 343 on usual care/placebo) of COVID-19 from three studies (Two randomized controlled trials, one retrospective case-control study). Statistically (p<0.0001) lower ICU requirement was observed in patients with vitamin D supplementation as compared to patients without supplementations (odds ratio: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.210-0.626). However, it suffered from significant heterogeneity, which reduced after sensitivity analysis. In case of mortality, vitamin D supplements has comparable findings with placebo treatment/usual care (odds ratio: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.413-2.113; p=0.87). The studies did not show any publication bias and had fair quality score. Subgroup analysis could not be performed due to limited number of studies and hence dose and duration dependent effect of vitamin D could not be evaluated. Conclusions: Although the current meta-analysis findings indicate potential role of vitamin D in improving COVID-19 severity in hospitalized patients, more robust data from randomized controlled trials are needed to substantiate its effects on mortality.

The effects of aquatic therapy on mobility of individuals with neurological diseases: a systematic review

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 741-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andresa R Marinho-Buzelli ◽  
Alison M Bonnyman ◽  
Mary C Verrier
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Aquatic Therapy ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Studies ◽  
Before And After

Objective:To summarize evidence on the effects of aquatic therapy on mobility in individuals with neurological diseases.Data sources:MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycInfo, CENTRAL, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, PEDro, PsycBITE and OT Seeker were searched from inception to 15 September 2014. Hand-searching of reference lists was performed in the selected studies.Review methods:The search included randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies that investigated the use of aquatic therapy and its effect on mobility of adults with neurological diseases. One reviewer screened titles and abstracts of retrieved studies from the search strategy. Two reviewers independently examined the full texts and conducted the study selection, data extraction and quality assessment. A narrative synthesis of data was applied to summarize information from included studies. The Downs and Black Scale was used to assess methodological quality.Results:A total of 116 articles were obtained for full text eligibility. Twenty studies met the specified inclusion criteria: four Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), four non-randomized studies and 12 before-and-after tests. Two RCTs (30 patients with stroke in the aquatic therapy groups), three non-randomized studies and three before-and-after studies showed “fair” evidence that aquatic therapy increases dynamic balance in participants with some neurological disorders. One RCT (seven patients with stroke in the aquatic therapy group) and two before-and-after tests (20 patients with multiple sclerosis) demonstrated “fair” evidence on improvement of gait speed after aquatic therapy.Conclusion:Our synthesis showed “fair” evidence supporting the use of aquatic therapy to improve dynamic balance and gait speed in adults with certain neurological conditions.

Editorial: The Vital Role of Randomized Controlled Trials inArthritis & Rheumatology

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 2555-2556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel H. Solomon ◽  
Michael E. Weinblatt ◽  
Richard J. Bucala
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled

A perspective on role of calcium and vitamin D in cardiovascular outcomes and lipid profile

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarun Arora ◽  
Harmeet Singh Rehan
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Calcium Supplementation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
The Past ◽  
Vitamin D Supplements

AbstractRecent concerns on increased incidence of myocardial infarction and stroke on administration of calcium and vitamin D supplements have alarmed the physicians about safety of these drugs. Although both calcium and vitamin D have been shown in the past to have beneficial effect on cardiovascular disease status through lowering of harmful lipids, these findings have been contradicted by some recent meta-analysis and randomized controlled trials that have shown no beneficial or in some cases a deteriorating effect of these supplements on lipid levels. In particular, calcium supplementation has been associated more with increased incidence of cardiovascular morbidity than vitamin D, but the convincing proof is still lacking. Here we have highlighted the results of some significant studies that might impact the prescription of these drugs.

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