scholarly journals Does Beef Protein Supplementation Improve Body Composition and Exercise Performance? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro L. Valenzuela ◽  
Fernando Mata ◽  
Javier S. Morales ◽  
Adrián Castillo-García ◽  
Alejandro Lucia
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Limb Muscle ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Total Protein Intake ◽  
Improve Body Composition

Protein supplementation might improve body composition and exercise performance. Supplements containing whey protein (WP) have received the most attention, but other protein sources such as beef protein (BP) are gaining popularity. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that compared the effects of exercise training combined with BP, WP or no protein supplementation (NP), on body composition or exercise performance. Secondary endpoints included intervention effects on total protein intake and hematological parameters. Seven studies (n = 270 participants) were included. No differences were found between BP and WP for total protein intake (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.04, p = 0.892), lean body mass (LBM) (SMD = −0.01, p = 0.970) or fat mass (SMD = 0.07, p = 0.760). BP significantly increased total daily protein intake (SMD = 0.68, p < 0.001), LBM (SMD = 0.34, p = 0.049) and lower-limb muscle strength (SMD = 0.40, p = 0.014) compared to NP, but no significant differences were found between both conditions for fat mass (SMD = 0.15, p = 0.256), upper-limb muscle strength (SMD = 0.16, p = 0.536) or total iron intake (SMD = 0.29, p = 0.089). In summary, BP provides similar effects to WP on protein intake and body composition and, compared to NP, might be an effective intervention to increase total daily protein intake, LBM and lower-limb muscle strength.

scholarly journals The Role of Protein Intake and its Timing on Body Composition and Muscle Function in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (6) ◽  
pp. 1443-1460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine Wirth ◽  
Elaine Hillesheim ◽  
Lorraine Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Leg Press ◽  
Randomized Controlled

ABSTRACT Background Increased protein intake has been suggested to improve gains in muscle mass and strength in adults. Furthermore, the timing of protein intake has been discussed as a margin of opportunity for improved prevention measures. Objective This systematic review investigated the effect of protein supplementation on body composition and muscle function (strength and synthesis) in healthy adults, with an emphasis on the timing of protein intake. Methods Randomized controlled trials were identified using PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Embase, up to March 2019. For meta-analyses, data on lean body mass (LBM), handgrip strength, and leg press strength were pooled by age group (mean age 18–55 or &gt;55 y) and timing of protein intake. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations approach. Results Data from 65 studies with 2907 participants (1514 men and 1380 women, 13 unknown sex) were included in the review. Twenty-six, 8, and 24 studies were used for meta-analysis on LBM, handgrip strength, and leg press strength, respectively. The protein supplementation was effective in improving (mean difference; 95% CI) LBM in adults (0.62 kg; 0.36, 0.88) and older adults (0.46 kg; 0.23, 0.70), but not handgrip strength (older adults: 0.26 kg; −0.51, 1.04) and leg press strength (adults: 5.80 kg; −0.33, 11.93; older adults: 1.97 kg; −2.78, 6.72). Sensitivity analyses removing studies without exercise training had no impact on the outcomes. Data regarding muscle synthesis were scarce and inconclusive. Subgroup analyses showed no beneficial effect of a specific timing of protein intake on LBM, handgrip strength, and leg press strength. Conclusion Overall, the results support the positive impact of protein supplementation on LBM of adults and older adults, independently of intake timing. Effects on muscle strength and synthesis are less clear and need further investigation. This systematic review was registered on PROSPERO as CRD42019126742.

Egg protein supplementation improved upper body muscle strength and protein intake in community-dwelling older adult females who attended congregate meal sites or adult learning centers: A pilot randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 026010602110515
Author(s):  
Sarah L. Ullevig ◽  
Krystle Zuniga ◽  
C. Austin Lobitz ◽  
Alejandra Santoyo ◽  
Zenong Yin
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Egg White Protein ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Background: Older adults that utilize community-based nutrition services are at higher nutritional risk than the general aging population, yet studies on the efficacy of protein interventions in this population are lacking. Aim: A double-blinded randomized controlled pilot study trial evaluated the impact of egg white protein supplementation on muscle mass, strength, and physical function in predominantly low-income Latina community-dwelling adult females aged 60 or older with reduced muscle strength or function. Methods: Participants (mean age = 73.6  ±  8.3 years) were randomly assigned to receive a daily dried egg white (20 g protein) or isocaloric maltodextrin supplement for 6 months (n = 16 intervention; n = 13 control). The primary outcome measure was appendicular skeletal muscle mass. Secondary outcomes were measures of muscle strength and function and dietary protein intake. Comparisons of baseline demographics were conducted using t-tests and χ2 or Fisher's exact tests. Differences between groups were assessed using general linear models, adjusted for baseline values, and differences within groups were assessed using paired t-tests or Kruskal–Wallis. Results: No significant between-group differences were found for all measures, but protein intake, handgrip strength, and the number of arm curls significantly improved in the intervention group. Under-recruitment of study participants and a high dropout rate impacted the ability of this study to detect significant differences between groups. Conclusion: Daily egg white protein supplementation increases protein intake and supports upper body physical function in older adults, but additional studies are needed to investigate its role in the prevention of age-related muscle mass decline in older adults. Trial #NCT03530774 ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03530774 ).

scholarly journals Sarcopenia among the Elderly Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 650
Author(s):  
Di-Ya Tu ◽  
Fa-Min Kao ◽  
Shih-Tzer Tsai ◽  
Tao-Hsin Tung
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass Index ◽  
Chair Rise

Purpose. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to explore the effect of protein intake on the prevention and improvement of sarcopenia. Methods. We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and EMBASE from inception to 20 May 2021. Two authors independently selected studies, assessed the quality of included studies, and extracted data. Any disagreement was resolved by discussion with a third author. Results. There were 12 studies that met the selection criteria among 53 eligible publications. The results of the study show that the protein intake has no significant effect on the physical performance—4 m gait speed, chair rise test, short physical performance battery, muscle mass—skeletal muscle mass index, and muscle strength—hand grip strength. Conclusion. Protein supplementation had no significant effect on 4 m gait speed and on improving skeletal muscle mass index, hand grip strength, chair rise test, and short physical performance battery. Additional randomized controlled trials are warranted to adequately assess the effect of protein supplementation on elderly sarcopenia.

scholarly journals Assessment of Protein Intake in the First Three Months after Sleeve Gastrectomy in Patients with Severe Obesity

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 771
Author(s):  
Lucrezia Bertoni ◽  
Romina Valentini ◽  
Alessandra Zattarin ◽  
Anna Belligoli ◽  
Silvia Bettini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Severe Obesity ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
The Third ◽  
Total Protein Intake ◽  
Dietary Record ◽  
Protein Rich

An adequate protein intake prevents the loss of fat-free mass during weight loss. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG) jeopardizes protein intake due to post-operative dietary restriction and intolerance to protein-rich foods. The purpose of this study is to evaluate protein intake in the first three months after SG. We evaluated, 1 month and 3 months after surgery, 47 consecutive patients treated with SG. Protein intake, both from foods and from protein supplementation, was assessed through a weekly dietary record. Patients consumed 30.0 ± 10.2 g of protein/day on average from foods in the first month, with a significant increase to 34.9 ± 4.8 g of protein/day in the third month (p = 0.003). The use of protein supplementation significantly increased total protein intake to 42.3 ± 15.9 g protein/day (p < 0.001) in the first month and to 39.6 ± 14.2 g of protein/day (p = 0.002) in the third one. Compliance with supplement consumption was 63.8% in the first month and only 21.3% in the third month. In conclusion, both one and three months after SG, protein intake from foods was not sufficient. The use of modular supplements seems to have a significant impact on protein intake, but nevertheless it remains lower than recommended.

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