scholarly journals Improvement of Attention, Executive Functions, and Processing Speed in Elderly Women as a Result of Involvement in the Nordic Walking Training Program and Vitamin D Supplementation

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Lipowski ◽  
Tamara Walczak-Kozłowska ◽  
Małgorzata Lipowska ◽  
Jakub Kortas ◽  
Jędrzej Antosiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Nordic Walking ◽  
Cognitive Processing Speed

Research indicates that life satisfaction declines with age, and cognitive abilities are gradually reduced—mainly attentional functioning and cognitive processing speed. Therefore, scientists seek to find protective factors and test possible intervention programs; moderately intensive physical activity stands out as particularly promising. In this context, we evaluated the influence of Nordic Walking training supported by vitamin D supplementation (as this nutrient is especially deficient in older people in Poland) on the cognitive and psychological functioning of elderly women. A total of 52 healthy elderly women took part in a Nordic Walking training program complemented by vitamin D supplementation. Cognitive functioning was assessed with the Trail Making Test and the D2 Test of Attention. Quality of life and severity of depressive symptoms were measured with the Short Form Health Survey and the Beck Depression Inventory 2. Significant improvements in all aspects of cognitive functioning was observed (p = 0.01–0.47). The study also showed a decrease in depressive symptoms (p = 0.026). Physical activity and adequate levels of vitamin D can be the key factors in maintaining self-reliance in old age. Involvement in Nordic Walking training, supported by vitamin D supplementation, can strengthen the cognitive functioning of older people—reflected in higher attentional capabilities, better executive functions, and improved cognitive processing speed.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Supplementation and Nordic Walking Training Decreases Serum Homocysteine and Ferritin in Elderly Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Walentukiewicz ◽  
Anna Lysak-Radomska ◽  
Joanna Jaworska ◽  
Krzysztof Prusik ◽  
Katarzyna Prusik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Weekly Dose ◽  
Nordic Walking ◽  
Homocysteine Concentration ◽  
Serum Homocysteine

The aim of the study was to verify if coupling 12 weeks of vitamin D supplementation and Nordic walking training favoured lowering the homocysteine (Hcy) level. Ninety-four elderly women were divided into three groups: Nordic walking (NW), supplemented (SG) and control (CG). The NW and SG groups received a weekly dose of 28,000 IU of vitamin D3. A blood analysis was performed at baseline, 1h after the first training session and at the end of the experiment. The amino acid profile (methionine and cysteine) and homocysteine concentration were determined. Additionally, the concentration of myokine was assessed. The first session of NW training reduced serum homocysteine, particularly among women with baseline homocysteine above 10 µmol·L−1: 12.37 ± 2.75 vs. 10.95 ± 3.94 µmol·L−1 (p = 0.05). These changes were accompanied by shifts in the cysteine (p = 0.09) and methionine (p = 0.01) concentration, regardless of the Hcy concentration. Twelve weeks of training significantly decreased the homocysteine (9.91 ± 2.78, vs. 8.90 ± 3.14 µmol·L−1, p = 0.05) and ferritin (94.23 ± 62.49 vs. 73.15 ± 47.04 ng·mL−1, p = 0.05) concentrations in whole NW group. Also, in the NW group, ferritin correlated with the glucose level (r = 0.51, p = 0.00). No changes in the myokine levels were observed after the intervention. Only the brain-derived neurotrophic factor dropped in the NW (42.74 ± 19.92 vs. 31.93 ± 15.91 ng·mL−1, p = 0.01) and SG (37.75 ± 8.08 vs. 16.94 ± 12.78 ng·mL−1, p = 0.00) groups. This study presents a parallel decrease of homocysteine and ferritin in response to regular training supported by vitamin D supplementation.

Device-Measured Physical Activity and Cognitive Processing Speed Impairment in a Large Sample of Persons with Multiple Sclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 798-805
Author(s):  
Brian M. Sandroff ◽  
Robert W. Motl
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Cognitive Processing Speed

AbstractObjective:There is accumulating evidence regarding the beneficial effects of physical activity (PA) on cognitive processing speed in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, one overarching limitation of this research is that researchers have not recruited samples who have the actual problem of being studied (i.e., cognitive processing speed impairment). This study examined associations between device-measured PA and cognitive processing speed in a large sample of persons with MS overall and between those with and without cognitive processing speed impairment.Method:Three hundred eighty-five persons with MS underwent the oral Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) and wore an accelerometer for 7 days for PA measurement. We divided the overall sample into subsamples with (n = 140) and without (n = 245) cognitive processing speed impairment based on age, sex, and education-adjusted SDMT Z-scores.Results:After controlling for age and disability status, higher levels of device-measured PA were significantly associated with faster cognitive processing speed overall, and the association was significantly stronger among persons with MS who presented with cognitive processing speed impairment.Conclusions:This examination provides initial cross-sectional support for informing the development of PA interventions as a possible approach for managing MS-related cognitive processing speed impairment. This highlights the importance of developing purposefully designed trials involving PA interventions for targeting cognitive processing speed as a primary end point among persons with MS with impaired cognitive processing speed.

Physical Activity and Cognitive Function in Multiple Sclerosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 734-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Motl ◽  
Eduard Gappmaier ◽  
Kathryn Nelson ◽  
Ralph H.B. Benedict
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neuropsychological Assessments ◽  
Cognitive Processing Speed

Cognitive impairment is prevalent, disabling, and poorly managed in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). This cross-sectional study examined the associations among physical activity, cognitive processing speed, and learning and memory in 33 persons with MS who underwent neuropsychological assessments and wore a physical activity monitor for 7 days. Cognitive impairment was greatest in cognitive processing speed. Physical activity was significantly correlated with cognitive processing speed (pr = .35), but not learning and memory (pr = .20), after controlling for sex, age, and education. Researchers should examine exercise training and physical activity effects on cognitive performance, particularly processing speed, in MS.

Physical activity is associated with cognitive processing speed in persons with multiple sclerosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian M. Sandroff ◽  
Deirdre Dlugonski ◽  
Lara A. Pilutti ◽  
John H. Pula ◽  
Ralph H.B. Benedict ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Cognitive Processing Speed

scholarly journals Inflammation and the Association of Vitamin D and Depressive Symptomatology

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1972
Author(s):  
Ezgi Dogan-Sander ◽  
Roland Mergl ◽  
Anja Willenberg ◽  
Ronny Baber ◽  
Kerstin Wirkner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Mediation Analyses

Depression and vitamin D deficiency are major public health problems. The existing literature indicates the complex relationship between depression and vitamin D. The purpose of this study was to examine whether this relationship is moderated or mediated by inflammation. A community sample (n = 7162) from the LIFE-Adult-Study was investigated, for whom depressive symptoms were assessed via the German version of CES-D scale and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and inflammatory markers (IL-6 and CRP levels, WBC count) were quantified. Mediation analyses were performed using Hayes’ PROCESS macro and regression analyses were conducted to test moderation effects. There was a significant negative correlation between CES-D and 25(OH)D, and positive associations between inflammatory markers and CES-D scores. Only WBC partially mediated the association between 25(OH)D levels and depressive symptoms both in a simple mediation model (ab: −0.0042) and a model including covariates (ab: −0.0011). None of the inflammatory markers showed a moderation effect on the association between 25(OH)D levels and depressive symptoms. This present work highlighted the complex relationship between vitamin D, depressive symptoms and inflammation. Future studies are needed to examine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on inflammation and depressive symptomatology for causality assessment.

scholarly journals Decline in cognitive processing speed as a mediator of verbal decline in HIV

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Hardy ◽  
C. H. Hinkin ◽  
P. Satz ◽  
W. G. v. Gorp
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Cognitive Processing Speed

scholarly journals Modifiable factors of vitamin D status among a Brazilian osteoporotic population attended a public outpatient clinic

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 572-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marília Brasilio Rodrigues Camargo ◽  
llda Sizue Kunii ◽  
Lilian Fukusima Hayashi ◽  
Patrícia Muszkat ◽  
Catherine Gusman Anelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
The Mean

Objectives To evaluate the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration in Brazilian osteoporotic patients and the modifiable factors of vitamin D status in this population. Subjects and methods In a cross-sectional study, 363 community-dwelling patients who sought specialized medical care were evaluated between autumn and spring in São Paulo, Brazil. Serum levels of 25(OH)D and parathormone (PTH), biochemical and anthropometric measurements, and bone density scans were obtained. The group was assessed using two questionnaires: one questionnaire covered lifestyle and dietary habits, skin phototype, sun exposure, medical conditions, and levels of vitamin D supplementation (cholecalciferol); the other questionnaire assessed health-related quality-of-life. Logistic regression and a decision tree were used to assess the association between the variables and the adequacy of vitamin D status. Results The mean age of the overall sample was 67.9 ± 8.6 years, and the mean 25(OH)D concentration was 24.8 ng/mL. The prevalence of inadequate vitamin D status was high (73.3%), although 81.5% of the subjects were receiving cholecalciferol (mean dose of 8,169 IU/week). 25(OH)D was positively correlated with femoral neck bone mineral density and negatively correlated with PTH. In the multivariate analysis, the dose of cholecalciferol, engagement in physical activity and the month of the year (September) were associated with improvement in vitamin D status. Conclusions In this osteoporotic population, vitamin D supplementation of 7,000 IU/week is not enough to reach the desired 25(OH)D concentration (≥ 30 ng/mL). Engagement in physical activity and the month of the year are modifiable factors of the vitamin D status in this population.

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