scholarly journals Atherogenic Index Reduction and Weight Loss in Metabolic Syndrome Patients Treated with A Novel Pectin-Enriched Formulation of Bergamot Polyphenols

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Soccorso Capomolla ◽  
Elzbieta Janda ◽  
Sara Paone ◽  
Maddalena Parafati ◽  
Tomasz Sawicki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Index Reduction ◽  
Mild Hyperglycemia

Bergamot flavonoids counteract dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia but fail to induce a significant weight loss. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of bergamot polyphenol extract complex (BPE-C), a novel bergamot juice-derived formulation enriched with flavonoids and pectins, on several metabolic syndrome parameters. Obese patients with atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) over 0.34 and mild hyperglycemia were recruited to a double-blind randomized trial comparing two doses of BPE-C (650 and 1300 mg daily) with placebo. Fifty-two subjects met the inclusion criteria and were assigned to three experimental groups. Fifteen subjects per group completed 90 days-trial. BPE-C reduced significantly fasting glucose by 18.1%, triglycerides by 32% and cholesterol parameters by up to 41.4%, leading to a powerful reduction of AIP (below 0.2) in the high dose group. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and insulin levels were also reduced. Moreover, BPE-C decreased body weight by 14.8% and body mass index by 15.9% in BPE-C high group. This correlated with a significant reduction of circulating hormones balancing caloric intake, including leptin, ghrelin and upregulation of adiponectin. All effects showed a dose-dependent tendency. This study suggests that food supplements, containing full spectrum of bergamot juice components, such as BPE-C efficiently induce a combination of weight loss and insulin sensitivity effects together with a robust reduction of atherosclerosis risk.

High-Dose Once-Weekly Semaglutide: A New Option for Obesity Management

2021 ◽  
pp. 106002802110538
Author(s):  
Courtney L. Bradley ◽  
Sara M. McMillin ◽  
Andrew Y. Hwang ◽  
Christina H. Sherrill
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Lifestyle Interventions ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Indices ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Objective To review the pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of high-dose once-weekly semaglutide for chronic weight management. Data Sources PubMed/MEDLINE and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched (inception to September 8, 2021) using keywords “semaglutide” and “obesity,” “weight,” “high dose,” “high-dose,” or “2.4.” Study Selection and Data Extraction Clinical trials with published results were included. Publications studying the oral or <2.4 mg formulation of semaglutide were excluded. Data Synthesis Four phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind trials demonstrated efficacy of high-dose once-weekly semaglutide compared with placebo for weight loss. Study populations included patients with overweight or obesity (STEP 1, STEP 3, and STEP 4) or patients with diabetes and with overweight or obesity (STEP 2). Lifestyle interventions for diet and exercise were included for all participants. Weight loss from baseline was significant for all studies, and secondary outcomes demonstrated cardiometabolic improvements including waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, and lipid profiles. Gastrointestinal adverse effects were common, but the medication was otherwise well tolerated. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice High-dose semaglutide offers significant weight-lowering potential and favorable effects on cardiometabolic risk factors and glycemic indices. Clinicians and patients should consider the route and frequency of administration, adverse effect profile, and cost when choosing an antiobesity medication. The importance of concomitant lifestyle interventions should be emphasized. Conclusions High-dose once-weekly semaglutide can significantly reduce weight, and although gastrointestinal adverse effects were common, it is generally well tolerated.

scholarly journals Increment in Dietary Potassium Predicts Weight Loss in the Treatment of the Metabolic Syndrome

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1256
Author(s):  
Brurya Tal ◽  
Jessica Sack ◽  
Marianna Yaron ◽  
Gabi Shefer ◽  
Assaf Buch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Caproic Acid ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Baseline Body Mass Index ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Multidisciplinary Program ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Dietary Potassium

Background: In the treatment of obesity/metabolic syndrome, dietary measures traditionally focus on reducing carbohydrate/fat-related caloric intake. The possibility that changes in potassium consumption may be related to the achieved weight loss has not been previously explored. Methods: Sixty-eight participants, with a mean age of 51.6 ± 11.0 years (F/M—30/38), who fulfilled the ATPIII criteria for the metabolic syndrome (MS) were enrolled into a 1-year intensive multidisciplinary program. Nutritional recommendation consisted of a moderate low calorie/high protein Mediterranean diet. Baseline assessment included clinical and biochemical profiling, and body composition. Nutritional components were registered over 7 days before and at the end of 1 year of treatment. Results: Mean baseline body mass index (BMI) was 35 ± 4 kg/m², which declined by 9.4 ± 0.1% after one year of combined intervention. Linear stepwise regression analysis revealed that 45% of the predicted variance of the % decline in BMI was related to increased consumption of dietary potassium (β = −0.865) and caproic acid (β = −0.423) and reduction in the consumption of dietary vitamin B6 (β = 0.542), calcium (β = 0.335), total carbohydrates (β = 0.239) and total caloric intake (β = 0.238; p < 0.001). Notably, the strongest correlate of the decline in BMI was the increase in dietary potassium intake (β = −0.865). Subjects whose achieved decrease in BMI was above the average (n = 30) increased potassium intake by 25% as compared to an increase in dietary potassium intake of only 3% by those whose decline in BMI was below the average (n = 36; p < 0.05). The change in dietary potassium was related to the percent increase in dietary protein (r = 0.433; p < 0.001). Conclusion: An increase in dietary potassium consumption is a previously unrecognized predictor of the achieved reduction in BMI in a weight-loss-oriented multidisciplinary intervention in obesity/MS. Prospective trials are underway to confirm this post-hoc finding.

scholarly journals A Possible Role for Pioglitazone in the Management of Depressive Symptoms in Metabolic Syndrome Patients (EPICAMP Study): A Double Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Roohafza ◽  
Pedram Shokouh ◽  
Masoumeh Sadeghi ◽  
Zahra Alikhassy ◽  
Nizal Sarrafzadegan
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Present Trial

The present trial aimed to evaluate the effects of pioglitazone on the mental status of nondiabetic metabolic syndrome patients. From 145 patients screened, 104 eligible volunteers (57% female; age 20–70 years) were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either pioglitazone (uptitrated to 30 mg/day; P=53) or matching placebo (P=51) for 24 weeks. Depression and anxiety were quantified using the hospital anxiety and depression scale and stress level using the general health questionnaire 12 at baseline, week 12, and endpoint. Homeostasis model assessment was used to estimate insulin resistance. At week 24, pioglitazone was superior in mitigating depression score (P=0.011). In trend analysis, the effect of time (P<0.001) and group (P=0.023) as well as the time by group interaction (P=0.032) on the mean depression score was considerable. In contrast, significant decrements in anxiety and stress levels (P<0.001 and P=0.012, resp.) were comparable between two groups. With respect to our findings, alterations in depression severity were not correlated with changes in insulin resistance level (P=0.145). In conclusion, our findings suggest that pioglitazone might be able to improve mood in nondiabetic insulin resistant patients. (Registered at Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry; ACTRN12611000351910.)

Effect of high-dose vitamin D supplementation in combination with weight loss diet on glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance, and matrix metalloproteinases in obese subjects with vitamin D deficiency: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1092-1098
Author(s):  
Soodabeh Aliashrafi ◽  
Mehrangiz Ebrahimi-Mameghani ◽  
Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi ◽  
Lida Lotfi-Dizaji ◽  
Elnaz Vaghef-Mehrabany ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obese Subjects

As there is limited and inconsistent evidence in potential role of vitamin D on insulin resistance and matrix metalloproteinases, this study aimed to examine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance, and matrix metalloproteinases in obese subjects with vitamin D deficiency. A total of 44 participants with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level ≤ 50 nmol/L and body mass index (BMI) 30–40 kg/m2 were randomly allocated into receiving weight reduction diet with either 50 000 IU vitamin D3 pearl (n = 22) or placebo (n = 22) once weekly for 12 weeks. Primary outcomes were changes in fasting serum glucose (FSG), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Secondary outcomes were changes in weight, BMI, 25(OH)D, calcium, phosphorous and parathyroid hormone (PTH). Sun exposure and dietary intakes were also assessed. Serum levels of 25(OH)D3 increased significantly with a simultaneous decrease in serum concentration of PTH in the vitamin D group. Weight, BMI, FSG, and MMP-9 decreased significantly in both groups, and there were significant differences in changes in weight, serum 25(OH)D3, PTH, and MMP-9 levels between the groups. Within- and between-groups analysis revealed no significant differences in serum calcium, phosphorous, serum insulin, HOMA-IR, QUICKI, and MMP-2 after intervention. Our results indicated that improvement in vitamin D status resulted in greater reductions in weight and MMP-9 during weight loss. These preliminary results are sufficient to warrant a bigger study group.

Long-term Effect of Glimepiride and Rosiglitazone on Non-conventional Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Metformin-treated Patients Affected by Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-blind Clinical Trial

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Derosa ◽  
AV Gaddi ◽  
L Ciccarelli ◽  
E Fogari ◽  
M Ghelfi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Rapid Improvement ◽  
Double Blind

We evaluated the effect of glimepiride plus metformin and rosiglitazone plus metformin on glucose, and on cardiovascular risk parameters such as lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) and homocysteine (HCT) in patients with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Ninety-nine patients in the multicentre, randomized, double-blind study took metformin (1500 mg/day) plus glimepiride (2 mg/day) or rosiglitazone (4 mg/day) for 12 months. Changes in body mass index, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), Lp(a) and HCT were primary efficacy variables. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), post-prandial plasma glucose (PPG) and homeostasis model assessment index were also used to assess efficacy. On average, HbA1c decreased by 9.1% and 8.1%, FPG decreased by 7.3% and 10.9%, and PPG decreased by 7.6% and 10.5%, respectively, in the glimepiride and rosiglitazone groups after 12 months. Patients receiving rosiglitazone experienced more rapid improvement in glycaemic control than those on glimepiride, and showed a significant improvement in insulin resistance-related parameters. There was a statistically significant decrease in basal homocysteinaemia in glimepiride-treated patients (−27.3%), but not in rosiglitazone-treated patients. Rosiglitazone plus metformin significantly improved long-term control of insulin resistance-related parameters compared with glimepiride plus metformin, although glimepiride treatment was associated with a slight improvement in cholesterolaemia, not observed in the rosiglitazone-treated patients, and with significant improvements in non-traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as basal homocysteinaemia and plasma Lp(a) levels.

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory effects of diet and caloric restriction in metabolic syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Montefusco ◽  
F. D’Addio ◽  
C. Loretelli ◽  
M. Ben Nasr ◽  
M. Garziano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Cytokine Profiles

Abstract Background Weight loss in patients with metabolic syndrome has positive effects on cardiovascular and type 2 diabetes risks, but its effects on peripheral cytokines and lipid profiles in patients are still unclear. Aim To determine the effects of diet-induced weight loss on metabolic parameters, lipids and cytokine profiles. Methods Eighteen adult males with metabolic syndrome (defined according to IDF 2009) and Body Mass Index (BMI) between 25 and 35 kg/m2 were subjected to a balanced hypocaloric diet for 6 months to reach at least a 5% body weight loss. Results After weight loss, a significant improvement in BMI, waist circumference, insulin, fasting blood glucose and HOMA-IR (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance) was observed. The analysis of LDL (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and HDL (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) lipoproteins showed a change in their composition with a massive transfer of triacylglycerols from HDL to LDL. This was associated with a significant reduction in peripheral pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8 and MIP-1β, leading to an overall decreased inflammatory score. An interesting positive correlation was also observed among peripheral cytokines levels after diet and peripheral levels of CETP (cholesteryl ester transfer protein), an enzyme with a key role in lipid change. Conclusion Weight loss through caloric restriction is associated with an improvement in peripheral lipid and cytokine profiles that may play a major role in improving cardiovascular risk. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Does the Energy Restriction Intermittent Fasting Diet Alleviate Metabolic Syndrome Biomarkers? A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3213
Author(s):  
Yasemin Ergul Kunduraci ◽  
Hanefi Ozbek
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Randomized Controlled

The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of an energy restriction intermittent fasting diet in metabolic biomarkers and weight management among adults with metabolic syndrome. This randomized controlled study was performed with metabolic syndrome patients, aged 18–65 years, at an academic institution in Istanbul, Turkey (n = 70). All participants were randomized to the Intermittent Energy Restriction (IER) intervention group and Continuous Energy Restriction (CER) control group. Biochemical tests including lipid profile, fasting plasma glucose, insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin Type A1c (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), blood pressure, and body composition were evaluated at baseline and at the 12th week in diet interviews. Dietary intake was measured with the 24-h dietary recall method and dietary quality was evaluated with the Healthy Eating Index-2010. Changes in body weight (≈7% weight loss) and composition were similar in both groups. Blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), fasting glucose, and insulin at the 12th week decreased in both groups (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in metabolic syndrome biomarkers between the IER and CER groups. The energy-restricted intermittent fasting diet did not cause any deficiencies in macronutrient and fiber intake in the subjects. Healthy Eating Index (HEI) index scores were achieved similarly in both groups, and subjects’ dietary intakes were close to daily reference nutritional intake values. The technique used to achieve energy restriction, whether intermittent or continuous, appears to alleviate the metabolic syndrome biomarkers activated by weight loss.

scholarly journals Double-Blind, Randomized, Three-Armed, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Investigation to Evaluate the Benefit and Tolerability of Two Dosages of IQP-AE-103 in Reducing Body Weight in Overweight and Moderately Obese Subjects

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Uebelhack ◽  
Udo Bongartz ◽  
Stephanie Seibt ◽  
Gordana Bothe ◽  
Pee Win Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Double Blind

Objective. This study was performed to determine the efficacy and tolerability/safety of IQP-AE-103 on body weight reduction in overweight to moderately obese adults. Methods. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial involved one hundred and eight subjects (BMI between 25 and 35 kg/m2) that were randomly assigned to either the low-dose or the high-dose IQP-AE-103 group, or the placebo group. Following a 2-week run-in period, subjects received two capsules of investigational product after three daily main meals for 12 weeks. Subjects were instructed to maintain a nutritionally balanced hypocaloric diet according to the individual’s energy requirement. Body weight, body fat, and waist and hip circumference were measured at baseline, and after 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Subjects also rated their feelings of hunger and fullness using visual analogue scales, and food craving on a 5-point scale at the same time intervals. Blood samplings for safety laboratory parameters were taken before and at the end of the study. Results. After 12 weeks of intake, the high-dose IQP-AE-103 group had a significantly greater weight loss compared with the placebo (5.03 ± 2.50 kg vs. 0.98 ± 2.06 kg, respectively; p<0.001) and the low-dose group (3.01 ± 2.19 kg; p=0.001). The high-dose group experienced a decrease in body fat of 3.15 ± 2.41 kg compared with a decrease of 0.23 ± 2.74 kg for the placebo group (p<0.001). High-dose IQP-AE-103 also decreased the feeling of hunger in 66% subjects. A beneficial effect of IQP-AE-103 on the lipid metabolism was also demonstrated in the subgroup of subjects with baseline total cholesterol levels above 6.2 mmol/L. No side effects related to the intake of IQP-AE-103 were reported. Conclusions. These findings indicate that IQP-AE-103 could be an effective and safe weight loss intervention. This trial is registered with NCT03058367.

scholarly journals Pterostilbene on Metabolic Parameters: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Trial

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Riche ◽  
Krista D. Riche ◽  
Chad T. Blackshear ◽  
Corey L. McEwen ◽  
Justin J. Sherman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Over Time

Introduction. The purpose of this trial was to evaluate the effect of pterostilbene on metabolic parameters.Methods. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study that enrolled 80 patients with a total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL and/orLDL≥100 mg/dL. Subjects were divided into four groups: (1) pterostilbene 125 mg twice daily; (2) pterostilbene 50 mg twice daily; (3) pterostilbene 50 mg + grape extract (GE) 100 mg twice daily; (4) matching placebo twice daily for 6–8 weeks. Endpoints included lipids, blood pressure, and weight. Linear mixed models were used to examine and compare changes in parameters over time. Models were adjusted for age, gender, and race.Results. LDL increased with pterostilbene monotherapy (17.1 mg/dL;P=0.001) which was not seen with GE combination (P=0.47). Presence of a baseline cholesterol medication appeared to attenuate LDL effects. Both systolic (−7.8 mmHg;P<0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (−7.3 mmHg;P<0.001) were reduced with high dose pterostilbene. Patients not on cholesterol medication (n=51) exhibited minor weight loss with pterostilbene (−0.62 kg/m2;P=0.012).Conclusion. Pterostilbene increases LDL and reduces blood pressure in adults. This trial is registered with Clinicaltrials.govNCT01267227.

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