scholarly journals Snack Consumption Patterns among Canadians

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Vatanparast ◽  
Naorin Islam ◽  
Rashmi Prakash Patil ◽  
Mojtaba Shafiee ◽  
Jessica Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Canadian Community Health Survey ◽  
Daily Energy Intake ◽  
Community Health Survey ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Snack Consumption ◽  
Dietary Data

The snacking prevalence, frequency of daily snack consumption, and the contribution of snacks to daily energy intake have substantially increased globally. The aim of this study was to examine the patterns of snack consumption among a representative sample of Canadians aged 2 and older. Nationally representative dietary data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) conducted in 2015 (n = 19,677 participants aged ≥2 years) were used to describe snacking patterns. In all, 80.4% of Canadians reported consuming at least one snack per day, which varied between different age groups from 77.0% (≥55 years) to 96.4% (2–5 years). About 37% of snack consumers reported only one snack episode per day but nearly 10% reported four or more episodes of snacking. Snacking contributed to nearly 23% of total daily energy intake in Canadians, which was highest among younger children (27%) and lowest among older adults (20.8%). There were no significant differences in obesity measures comparing snack consumers and non-consumers in children and adults. Snacking considerably contributes to total nutrient and energy intake of Canadians. Promoting nutrient-dense snacks provides an opportunity to improve overall diet quality.

Breakfast size is associated with daily energy intake and diet quality

Nutrition ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 75-76 ◽  
pp. 110764
Author(s):  
Wenjie Wang ◽  
Amanda Grech ◽  
Luke Gemming ◽  
Anna Rangan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Daily Energy Intake ◽  
Daily Energy

scholarly journals Differences in the Quantity and Types of Foods and Beverages Consumed by Canadians between 2004 and 2015

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Tugault-Lafleur ◽  
Jennifer Black
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Food Consumed

This study examined differences in food and beverage intake estimated from nationally representative surveys of Canadians in 2004 and 2015 collected through the Canadian Community Health Surveys. Differences in mean daily energy intake and amounts of food consumed were compared between 2004 and 2015 and across age groups for all energy reporters (aged 2 years+) and among only plausible energy reporters. From 2004 to 2015, mean energy intake decreased by 228 kcal/day (all energy reporters) and 74 kcal/day (plausible energy reporters). Canadians reported consuming more daily servings of meat and alternatives but fewer servings of vegetables and fruit and milk and alternatives in 2015 compared to 2004. Analyses of food subgroups revealed that Canadians reported consuming more daily servings of dark green and orange vegetables, dairy products, legumes, nuts and seeds, and eggs but fewer servings of potatoes, other vegetables, fruit juices, fluid milk, and sugar-sweetened beverages in 2015 compared to 2004. While some aspects of the Canadian diet have improved, daily mean intake of other nutritious foods either stagnated or worsened over time. Continued attention is needed to improve population-level intakes of vegetables, fruit, whole grains, and protein foods such as legumes, nuts, seeds, and lower fat dairy products.

scholarly journals Consumption of Ready-to-Eat Cereal in Canada and Its Contribution to Nutrient Intake and Nutrient Density among Canadians

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Vatanparast ◽  
Naorin Islam ◽  
Rashmi Prakash Patil ◽  
Arash Shamloo ◽  
Pardis Keshavarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Canadian Community Health Survey ◽  
Milk Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutrient Density ◽  
Community Health Survey ◽  
Nationally Representative

In recent years, ready-to-eat cereal (RTEC) has become a common breakfast option in Canada and worldwide. This study used the nationally representative cross-sectional data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) 2015-Nutrition to determine patterns of RTEC consumption in Canada and the contribution to nutrient intake among Canadians who were ≥2 years, of whom 22 ± 0.6% consumed RTEC on any given day. The prevalence of RTEC consumption was highest in children aged two to 12 years (37.6 ± 1.2%), followed by adolescents aged 13 to 18 years (28.8 ± 1.4%), and then by adults ≥19 years (18.9 ± 0.6%). RTEC consumers had higher intakes of “nutrients to encourage” compared to the RTEC non-consumers. More than 15% of the daily intake of some nutrients, such as folic acid, iron, thiamin, and vitamin B6, were contributed by RTEC. It was noted that nearly 66% of milk consumption was co-consumed with RTEC among RTEC consumers. The nutrient density of the diet, as defined by Nutrient-Rich Food Index (NRF 9.3), was significantly higher among RTEC consumers compared to non-consumers. RTEC consumption was not associated with overweight/obesity. RTEC consumption considerably contributed to the intake of some key nutrients among all age groups in Canada.

scholarly journals Effects of Maternal Nightshift Work on Evening Energy Intake, Diet Quality and Meal Timing in the Family: An Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 823-831
Author(s):  
Alan Flanagan ◽  
Elizabeth Lowson ◽  
Bruce A. Griffin ◽  
Debra J. Skene
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Daily Energy Intake ◽  
Dependent Children ◽  
Meal Timing ◽  
The Family ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Uk National Health Service ◽  
The Impact

The percentage of women working regular nightshift work has increased in the past decade. While nightshift work has the potential to exert adverse effects on dietary habits, little is known about the impact of a parent working nightshifts on dietary habits in the family. We analysed energy intake, meal timing, and diet quality among dependent children and male partners of 20 female UK National Health Service (NHS) nurses working rotational nightshifts. Comparing nightshift against non-nightshift conditions, we hypothesised that maternal nightshift work would affect the evening energy intake, diet quality and time of eating of dependent children and adult partners. Primary outcomes were absolute energy intake and the proportion of daily energy intake consumed in the evening (16:00–23:59 h). Our results show that in pre-teen children aged 8–12 years (n = 13, mean ± SD, 9.9 ± 1.6 yrs; 9 males), the proportion of total daily energy intake consumed during periods of nightshift work was significantly greater compared to periods of non-nightshifts (45.7% ± 8.8% vs. 39.7% ± 7.0%, mean ± SD, p = 0.012). There was no effect of nightshift work on dietary habits in teenage children or partners. The finding of a greater proportion of daily energy consumed in the evening period in pre-teen children is noteworthy, as it suggests that pre-teen children more dependent than older teenage children may be more vulnerable to disruptions to dietary patterns associated with maternal nightshift work.

scholarly journals Consumption of Yogurt in Canada and Its Contribution to Nutrient Intake and Diet Quality Among Canadians

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Vatanparast ◽  
Naorin Islam ◽  
Rashmi Prakash Patil ◽  
Arash Shamloo ◽  
Pardis Keshavarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Canadian Community Health Survey ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Community Health Survey ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Daily Intakes ◽  
Nutrition Component

The current study utilizes a nationally representative nutrition survey data (Canadian Community Health Survey 2015, nutrition component, n = 20,487) in order to evaluate patterns of yogurt consumption among Canadians. Overall, 20% of Canadians have reportedly consumed yogurt on a given day in 2015. Higher prevalence of yogurt consumption was noted among children aged 2–5 years old (47%) when compared to adults aged 19–54 years (18%). When the prevalence of yogurt consumption at the regional level in Canada was assessed, Quebec had the most consumers of yogurt (25%) compared to other regions, namely the Atlantic (19%), Ontario (18%), Prairies (19%) and British Columbia (20%). Yogurt consumers reported consuming higher daily intakes of several key nutrients including carbohydrates, fibre, riboflavin, vitamin C, folate, vitamin D, potassium, iron, magnesium, and calcium when compared to yogurt non-consumers. Additionally, the diet quality, measured using NRF 9.3 scoring method, was higher among yogurt consumers compared to non-consumers. Nearly 36% of Canadians who meet the dietary guidelines for milk and alternative servings from the Food Guide Canada (2007) reported consuming yogurt. Lastly, no significant difference in BMI was noted among yogurt consumers and non-consumers. Overall, yogurt consumers had a higher intake of key nutrients and had a better diet quality.

The effects of skipping a meal on daily energy intake and diet quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (18) ◽  
pp. 3346-3355
Author(s):  
Eliana Zeballos ◽  
Jessica E Todd
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Daily Energy Intake ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Skipping Breakfast ◽  
Component Scores

AbstractObjective:To examine whether skipping breakfast or lunch increased the next meal’s energy content and changed total daily energy content and the quality of food intake measured by the 2010 Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2010).Design:Means were compared across intake days and meal patterns. Multivariate individual fixed-effects model was used to account for individual food intake and diet quality preferences.Setting:National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007–2016.Participants:Adults aged 18 years or older who reported 2 d (24-h periods) of dietary intake and were not pregnant or lactating (n 23 488).Results:Adults consumed 193 more kJ at lunch after skipping breakfast and 783 more kJ at dinner after skipping breakfast and lunch. Skipping at least one meal reduced total daily intake between 1053 (breakfast) and 1464 (dinner) kJ and reduced the daily HEI score. Skipping breakfast or skipping lunch reduced the HEI component scores for fruit, whole grains, dairy and empty energy; skipping lunch reduced the component scores for fruit, vegetables, whole grain, dairy, seafood and plant protein, and empty energy. Skipping dinner reduced component scores for vegetables, greens and beans, dairy, protein food, seafood and plant proteins, and empty energy. Skipping one or more meals increased component scores for total vegetables (breakfast), whole grains (dinner), Na (lunch or dinner) and refined grains (breakfast, lunch or dinner).Conclusions:Skipping meals (particularly dinner) reduces daily energy intake, but the reduction in daily diet quality (particularly when skipping breakfast) may impact health negatively over time.

scholarly journals A medium-term intervention study on the impact of high- and low-fat snacks varying in sweetness and fat content: large shifts in daily fat intake but good compensation for daily energy intake

1998 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare L. Lawton ◽  
Helen J. Delargy ◽  
Fiona C. Smith ◽  
Vikki Hamilton ◽  
John E. Blundell
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Daily Energy Intake ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Eating Pattern ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Snack Consumption ◽  
The Impact

Thirty-six normal-weight, habitual snackers (eighteen males, eighteen females) completed a medium-term intervention study designed to examine the tendency of four different types of snacks, varying in nutrient (low- (LF) or high-fat (HF)) and sensory properties (sweet (SW) or non-sweet (NSW)), to influence the control of appetite and to adjust daily energy intake. Subjects were exposed to each snack category for a 3-week period and were asked to consume a minimum number of snacks each day so that at least 25% of their daily energy intake would be derived from the test snacks. Energy and macronutrient intakes from the test snacks were calculated every day and also from other eating episodes (using 3 d food diary records) during the third week of snack exposure. Subjects consumed more energy/d from the SW snacks than from the NSW snacks, with most energy being consumed from the HF/SW snacks (3213 kJ) and least energy from the LF/NSW snacks (1628 kJ). This differential snack intake remained stable across the whole snack exposure period. Total daily energy intake did not differ significantly during exposure to any of the four snack types. Furthermore, the encouragement to eat freely from the test snacks did not lead to daily overconsumption of energy when compared with pre-study intakes. Hence, the level of snack consumption was largely compensated for by the energy consumed from the rest of the eating pattern. Although daily energy intake during exposure to the HF snacks was an average of 364 kJ higher (NS) than that during exposure to the LF snacks, the clearest and most significant effect of snack consumption was on daily macronutrient intake. Appreciable consumption of the HF snacks raised the percentage of total daily energy intake consumed as fat from 37 to 41% (P < 0.01). In contrast, the LF snacks reduced daily fat intake to 33.5% (LF/SW, P < 0.05; LF/NSW, NS) of total daily energy. The results, therefore, suggest that, in habitual snackers, generous consumption of LF snacks, when compared with HF snacks, is an effective strategy to reduce fat intake so that it approaches the recommendations of dietary guidelines without increasing total daily energy intake.

scholarly journals Fall-related injuries among Canadian seniors, 2005–2013: an analysis of the Canadian Community Health Survey

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Do ◽  
V. C. Chang ◽  
N. Kuran ◽  
W. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Canadian Community Health Survey ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Community Health Survey ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Type Of Injury

Introduction We describe the epidemiology and trends of fall-related injuries among Canadian seniors aged 65 years and older by sex and age, as well as the circumstances and consequences of their injuries. Methods We analyzed nationally representative data from the 2005, 2009/2010 and 2013 samples of the Canadian Community Health Survey to calculate the number and rates of fall-related injuries for each survey year. Where possible, we combined data from two or more samples to estimate the proportion of fall-related injuries by type of injury, part of body injured, type of activity and type of treatment. Results The rate of fall-related injuries among seniors increased from 49.4 to 58.8 per 1000 population between 2005 and 2013, during which the number of fall-related injuries increased by 54% overall. Women had consistently higher rates than men across all survey years, while rates increased with advancing age. The upward trend in fall-related injury rates was more prominent among women and younger age groups. The most common type of injury was broken or fractured bones (37%), and the shoulder or upper arm (16%) was the most commonly injured body part. Many fall-related injuries occurred while walking on a surface other than snow or ice (45%). Over 70% of seniors seeking treatment for their injuries visited a hospital emergency department. Conclusion Given the increase in both the number and rates of fall-related injuries over time, there is a need to continue monitoring trends and injury patterns associated with falls.

scholarly journals Very low food security among children is associated with daily energy intake and diet quality

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Burke ◽  
Sonya J. Jones ◽  
Christine E. Blake ◽  
Maryah S. Fram ◽  
Edward A. Frongillo
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Daily Energy Intake ◽  
Daily Energy

Irregular daily energy intake and diet quality in Iranian adults

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Ahmad Jayedi ◽  
Azadeh Lesani ◽  
Zahra Akbarzadeh ◽  
Kurosh Djafarian ◽  
Sakineh Shab-Bidar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Daily Energy Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dash Diet ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Diet Score

Abstract The present cross-sectional study aimed to assess the association of daily irregularity in energy intake and diet quality among apparently healthy adults in Iran. The research was conducted on 850 adult men and women (age range: 20-59 years) who attended the health care centers in Tehran. Dietary intake was assessed by three, 24-h dietary recalls. Diet quality was assessed using the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet score and Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015). An irregularity score of daily energy intake was calculated based on the deviation from the 3-day mean energy intake, with a higher score indicating more fluctuations in daily energy intake. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess the association of irregularity score of daily energy intake with food group intakes and DASH diet score and HEI-2015, controlling for age, sex, body mass index, physical activity, education level, and occupation status. The range of irregularity score was 0.55 to 133.3 (mean ± SD: 22.4 ± 19.0). Higher irregularity score of daily energy intake was significantly associated with a lower consumption of fruit, vegetables, legumes, low-fat dairy products, and poultry, higher consumption of soft drinks, processed meat and nuts, and lower overall DASH diet score and HEI-2015. Overall, our findings showed that more day-to-day variations in energy intake may be correlated with a lower diet quality. More research is needed to confirm the associations observed in the present study and to clarify potential mechanisms explaining these associations.

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