scholarly journals Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Food Additives: To Add Fuel on the Flames!

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Marion-Letellier ◽  
Asma Amamou ◽  
Guillaume Savoye ◽  
Subrata Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Processing And Storage

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) develop in genetically predisposed individuals in response to environmental factors. IBDs are concomitant conditions of industrialized societies, and diet is a potential culprit. Consumption of ultra-processed food has increased over the last decade in industrialized countries, and epidemiological studies have found associations between ultra-processed food consumption and chronic diseases. Further studies are now required to identify the potential culprit in ultra-processed food, such as a poor nutritional composition or the presence of food additives. In our review, we will focus on food additives, i.e., substances from packaging in contact with food, and compounds formed during production, processing, and storage. A literature search using PubMed from inception to January 2019 was performed to identify relevant studies on diet and/or food additive and their role in IBDs. Manuscripts published in English from basic science, epidemiological studies, or clinical trials were selected and reviewed. We found numerous experimental studies highlighting the key role of food additives in IBD exacerbation but epidemiological studies on food additives on IBD risk are still limited. As diet is a modifiable environmental risk factor, this may offer a scientific rationale for providing dietary advice for IBD patients.

Dietary Patterns, Ultra-processed Food, and the Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in the NutriNet-Santé Cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline Vasseur ◽  
Emmanuelle Dugelay ◽  
Robert Benamouzig ◽  
Guillaume Savoye ◽  
Annaïg Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Poisson Models ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Dietary Records ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Background The incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) tended to increase for several decades. Diet is suspected to be a major determinant of the occurrence of these diseases. This prospective study aimed to assess the associations among occurrence of IBD, dietary patterns, and ultra-processed food in the French NutriNet-Santé cohort. Methods Participants of the NutriNet-Santé cohort who completed at least three 24-hour dietary records were included. Incident IBD cases were identified from 3 questionnaires and confirmed by phone or email interview. Major dietary patterns (DPs) were computed using a principal component analysis (PCA) based on 29 food groups’ consumption, whereas proportions of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) were obtained using the NOVA classification. Multivariable Poisson models were performed to evaluate associations among DP quintiles, UPF proportion (UPFp) in the diet, and incident IBD. Results A total of 105,832 participants were included, contributing 238,924 person-years in a mean follow-up of 2.3 ± 2.2 years. Among them, 75 participants reported an incident IBD. Three major DPs were retained: “healthy,” “traditional,” and “western.” No significant association was found for DPs and UPFp after adjustments for covariates. Conclusions In this study, neither DPs nor UPF proportion in the diet were significantly associated with the risk of incident IBD after adjustments for covariates. Further studies are needed to investigate the long-term association between diet and IBD.

scholarly journals Correlations between Psoriasis and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevena Skroza ◽  
Ilaria Proietti ◽  
Riccardo Pampena ◽  
Giorgio La Viola ◽  
Nicoletta Bernardini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Th22 Cells ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Common Pathogenesis

For a long time the relationship between inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and psoriasis has been investigated by epidemiological studies. It is only starting from the 1990s that genetic and immunological aspects have been focused on. Psoriasis and IBD are strictly related inflammatory diseases. Skin and bowel represent, at the same time, barrier and connection between the inner and the outer sides of the body. The most important genetic correlations involve the chromosomal loci 6p22, 16q, 1p31, and 5q33 which map several genes involved in innate and adaptive immunity. The genetic background represents the substrate to the common immune processes involved in psoriasis and IBD. In the past, psoriasis and IBD were considered Th1-related disorders. Nowadays the role of new T cells populations has been highlighted. A key role is played by Th17 and T-regs cells as by the balance between these two cells types. New cytokines and T cells populations, as IL-17A, IL-22, and Th22 cells, could play an important pathogenetic role in psoriasis and IBD. The therapeutic overlaps further support the hypothesis of a common pathogenesis.

The role of titanium dioxide in the gut

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 432-442
Author(s):  
Cassiana Ganem Achtschin ◽  
Aytan Miranda Sipahi
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Abnormal Increase ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Long Term Impact

Purpose Titanium is a naturally occurring mineral in the form of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and is one of the most widely used food additives. The purpose of this review article is to show the importance of the accumulation of this mineral in the gut and its relation with inflammatory processes. Methodology This is a literature review study from 2002 to 2016, focusing on studies with TiO2 and its relation with inflammatory bowel diseases. Findings Articles describe that TiO2 is resistant to gastrointestinal degradation, as it has high stability, and that its particles, ingested daily, may bind to biomolecules in the lumen or be absorbed by the intestinal mucosa, accumulating in the macrophages of lymphoid tissue in the gut, thus causing or aggravating the inflammatory response in the inflamed bowel. Limitations/implications There is a limited number of studies on the long-term impact of dietary microparticles in animal models, in healthy subjects and in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. Practical implications It is necessary to regulate the amount of TiO2 used in industrialized products. Social implications The high consumption of processed foods, as opposed to a healthy diet based on the balanced consumption of nutrients, is relevant, as it may lead to or exacerbate intestinal inflammation. Originality/value This review indicates that titanium particles may mediate toxicological processes leading to an abnormal increase in intestinal permeability, which may be particularly aggravating in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.

scholarly journals The microbiome and food that fuels the fire of inflammation

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Silvia Melgar
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Host Immune Responses ◽  
High Risk Factors ◽  
Bowel Diseases

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), encompassing two main conditions – Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are multifactorial chronic intestinal inflammatory diseases with increasing incidence worldwide, especially in countries adopting a westernized lifestyle. Recent findings point towards a major impact of diet on human health since it can affect both the gut microbiota and the host response. Epidemiological studies have identified that the consumption of processed food, red meat, saturated fat and low fibre/vegetables are high-risk factors for IBD, while the consumption of fatty fish, fermentable fibres and vegetables lowers risk for IBD. Experimental studies have supported these findings. Animals fed certain specific diets demonstrate alterations in host immune responses and microbiota composition including the blooming of pathobionts as a result of diet treatment. Recent seminal studies have also provided evidence on the role of food additives such as emulsifiers in IBD and metabolic diseases. In the future, controlled trials and mechanistic studies will identify diet-induced beneficial or triggering mechanisms which will lead to the development of new treatment strategies for these debilitating diseases.

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