scholarly journals Postprandial Lipemic Responses to Various Sources of Saturated and Monounsaturated Fat in Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina M. Sciarrillo ◽  
Nicholas A. Koemel ◽  
Patrick M. Tomko ◽  
Katherine B. Bode ◽  
Sam R. Emerson
Keyword(s):  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Postprandial Lipemia ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Time Effect ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor ◽  
Monounsaturated Fat ◽  
Pronounced Difference ◽  
Meal Effect

Background: Postprandial lipemia (PPL) is a cardiovascular disease risk factor. However, the effects of different fat sources on PPL remain unclear. We aimed to determine the postprandial response in triglycerides (TG) to four dietary fat sources in adults. Methods: Participants completed four randomized meal trials. For each meal trial, participants (n = 10; 5M/5F) consumed a high-fat meal (HFM) (13 kcal/kg; 61% of total kcal from fat) with the fat source derived from butter, coconut oil, olive oil, or canola oil. Blood was drawn hourly for 6 h post-meal to quantify PPL. Results: Two-way ANOVA of TG revealed a time effect (p < 0.0001), but no time–meal interaction (p = 0.56), or meal effect (p = 0.35). Meal trials did not differ with regard to TG total (p = 0.33) or incremental (p = 0.14) area-under-the-curve. When stratified by sex and the TG response was averaged across meals, two-way ANOVA revealed a time effect (p < 0.0001), time–group interaction (p = 0.0001), and group effect (p = 0.048), with men exhibiting a greater response than women, although this difference could be attributed to the pronounced difference in BMI between men and women within the sample. Conclusion: In our sample of young adults, postprandial TG responses to a single HFM comprised of different fat sources did not differ.

Acute Effects of Accumulating Exercise on Postprandial Lipemia and C-Reactive Protein Concentrations in Young Men

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 569-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masashi Miyashita ◽  
Stephen F. Burns ◽  
David J. Stensel
Keyword(s):  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Postprandial Lipemia ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Serum Crp ◽  
Postprandial Triacylglycerol

The current study investigated the acute effects of accumulating short bouts of running on circulating concentrations of postprandial triacylglycerol (TAG) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Ten men, age 21–32 yr, completed two 1-d trials. On 1 occasion participants ran at 70% of maximum oxygen uptake in six 5-min bouts (i.e., 8:30, 10, and 11:30 a.m. and 1, 2:30, and 4 p.m.) with 85 min rest between runs. On another occasion participants rested throughout the day. In both trials, participants consumed test meals at 9 a.m. and 12 p.m. In each trial, venous blood samples were collected at 8:30, 10, and 11:30 a.m. and 1, 2:30, 4, and 5:30 p.m. for plasma TAG measurement and at 8:30 a.m. and 5:30 p.m. for serum CRP measurement. Total area under the curve for plasma TAG concentration versus time was 10% lower on the exercise trial than the control trial (M ± SEM: 13.5 ± 1.8 vs. 15.0 ± 1.9 mmol · 9 hr−1 · L−1; p = .004). Serum CRP concentrations did not differ between trials or over time. This study demonstrates that accumulating short bouts of running reduces postprandial plasma TAG concentrations (a marker for cardiovascular disease risk) but does not alter serum CRP concentrations.

scholarly journals Daily Triglyceride Kinetics When Consuming a Realistic Western Diet in at-Risk Individuals across the Metabolic Spectrum: A Case Study

Obesities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Bryant H. Keirns ◽  
Christina M. Sciarrillo ◽  
Kara L. Poindexter ◽  
Sam R. Emerson
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Western Diet ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor ◽  
Indwelling Catheter ◽  
Metabolic Markers

High postprandial triglycerides are a strong cardiovascular disease risk factor. However, the extent triglycerides rise during daily living due to multiple meals remains poorly defined, especially in at-risk individuals. The aim of this case study was to quantify 24-h triglycerides in an individual with normal-weight obesity (NWO), metabolic syndrome (MetS), and type 2 diabetes (T2D) consuming a Western-style diet. In the morning, an indwelling catheter was inserted into a forearm vein and metabolic markers were measured hourly for 18-h and every 3-h for the last 6-h. The participants with NWO and T2D both experienced peak triglycerides ~280 mg/dL, which is considered an adverse response. The participant MetS had a similar relative change in triglycerides, but only reached 214 mg/dL. Interestingly, The participant with NWO displayed the greatest triglyceride area under the curve. Overall, we report that all three participants’ triglycerides nearly tripled with Western diet consumption, despite considerably different risk-profiles.

Parental history and cardiovascular disease risk factor variables in children

1981 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline V. Blonde ◽  
Larry S. Webber ◽  
Theda A. Foster ◽  
Gerald S. Berenson
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor ◽  
Parental History ◽  
Disease Risk Factor

scholarly journals Identification of Endothelial Proteins in Plasma Associated With Cardiovascular Risk Factors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria J. Iglesias ◽  
Larissa D. Kruse ◽  
Laura Sanchez-Rivera ◽  
Linnea Enge ◽  
Philip Dusart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor ◽  
Venous Disease

Objective: Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction is a well-established response to cardiovascular disease risk factors, such as smoking and obesity. Risk factor exposure can modify EC signaling and behavior, leading to arterial and venous disease development. Here, we aimed to identify biomarker panels for the assessment of EC dysfunction, which could be useful for risk stratification or to monitor treatment response. Approach and Results: We used affinity proteomics to identify EC proteins circulating in plasma that were associated with cardiovascular disease risk factor exposure. Two hundred sixteen proteins, which we previously predicted to be EC-enriched across vascular beds, were measured in plasma samples (n=1005) from the population-based SCAPIS (Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study) pilot. Thirty-eight of these proteins were associated with body mass index, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, smoking, hypertension, or diabetes. Sex-specific analysis revealed that associations predominantly observed in female- or male-only samples were most frequently with the risk factors body mass index, or total cholesterol and smoking, respectively. We show a relationship between individual cardiovascular disease risk, calculated with the Framingham risk score, and the corresponding biomarker profiles. Conclusions: EC proteins in plasma could reflect vascular health status.

scholarly journals Divergent Influences of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor Domains on Cognition and Gray and White Matter Morphology

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 541-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitzi M. Gonzales ◽  
Olusola Ajilore ◽  
Rebecca C. Charlton ◽  
Jamie Cohen ◽  
Shaolin Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor ◽  
Disease Risk Factor
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