scholarly journals Changes in Pancreatic Fat Content Following Diet-Induced Weight Loss

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 912
Author(s):  
Jiang ◽  
Spurny ◽  
Schübel ◽  
Nonnenmacher ◽  
Schlett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Pancreatic Fat ◽  
Intervention Trials ◽  
Pancreatic Fat Content

Background: Obesity can lead to ectopic pancreatic fat accumulation and increase the risk for type 2 diabetes. Smaller intervention trials have shown a decrease in pancreatic fat content (PFC) with weight loss, and we intended to investigate the effects of weight loss on PFC in a larger trial. Methods: Data from the HELENA-Trial, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) among 137 non-diabetic obese adults were used. The study cohort was classified into 4 quartiles based on weight change between baseline and 12 weeks post-intervention. Changes in PFC (baseline, 12 weeks and 50 weeks post-intervention) upon weight loss were analyzed by linear mixed models. Spearman’s coefficients were used to obtain correlations between anthropometric parameters, blood biochemical markers, and PFC. Results: At baseline, PFC only showed a significant correlation with visceral adipose tissue (VAT) (r = 0.41). Relative changes in PFC were significantly (p = 0.01) greater in Q4 (−30.8 ± 5.7%) than in Q1 (1.3 ± 6.7%). These differences remained similar after one year. However, when adjusting the statistical analyses for changes in VAT, the differences in PFC between Q1 and Q4 were no longer statistically significant. Conclusion: Weight loss is associated with a decrease in PFC. However, the reduction of PFC is not independent from reductions in VAT. Unlike VAT, PFC was not associated with metabolic biomarkers.

No Correlation of Pancreatic Fat and β-Cell Function in Young Women With and Without a History of Gestational Diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
pp. 3260-3266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Popp ◽  
Stephanie Aertsen ◽  
Charlotte Luetke-Daldrup ◽  
Eva Coppenrath ◽  
Holger Hetterich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Pancreatic Fat ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Pancreatic Fat Content

Abstract Context Pancreatic steatosis may contribute to β-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes (T2D), but data are controversial. Women who had gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at high risk for developing T2D. Objective To examine the association of pancreatic fat content with early/first-phase insulin secretion (as markers of β-cell function). Design Cross-sectional analysis of a subcohort of the monocentric, prospective cohort study titled Prediction, Prevention, and Subclassification of Type 2 Diabetes. Setting Ludwig Maximilians University Hospital, Munich, Germany. Participants Ninety-seven women, 3 to 16 months after pregnancy [41 normoglycemic women post-GDM, 19 women post-GDM with pathological glucose metabolism, and 37 normoglycemic women after a normoglycemic pregnancy (controls)]. Main Outcome Measures Correlation of MRI-measured pancreatic fat content with early insulin release in an oral glucose tolerance test (OGGT) [insulin increment within the first 30 minutes of the OGTT (IR30)] and first-phase insulin response (FPIR) in an intravenous glucose tolerance test (n = 65), both adjusted for insulin sensitivity index (ISI). Results Pancreatic fat content did not correlate with IR30 and FPIR adjusted for ISI. It correlated positively with body mass index, waist circumference, liver fat, and intraabdominal fat volume. Conclusion Pancreatic fat content does not correlate with β-cell function in a cohort of young women with different degrees of T2D risk.

scholarly journals Milk supplementation facilitates appetite control in obese women during weight loss: a randomised, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial

2010 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo-Anne Gilbert ◽  
Denis R. Joanisse ◽  
Jean-Philippe Chaput ◽  
Pierre Miegueu ◽  
Katherine Cianflone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Appetite Control ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Ghrelin Concentration ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Desire To Eat

Dairy products provide Ca and protein which may facilitate appetite control. Conversely, weight loss is known to increase the motivation to eat. This randomised controlled trial verified the influence of milk supplementation on appetite markers during weight loss. Low Ca consumer women participated in a 6-month energy-restricted programme ( − 2508 kJ/d or − 600 kcal/d) and received either a milk supplementation (1000 mg Ca/d) or an isoenergetic placebo (n 13 and 12, respectively). Fasting appetite sensations were assessed by visual analogue scales. Anthropometric parameters and fasting plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, leptin, ghrelin and cortisol were measured as well. Both groups showed a significant weight loss (P < 0·0001). In the milk-supplemented group, a time × treatment interaction effect showed that weight loss with milk supplementation induced a smaller increase in desire to eat and hunger (P < 0·05). Unlike the placebo group, the milk-supplemented group showed a lower than predicted decrease in fullness ( − 17·1 v. − 8·8; − 12·7 v. 3·3 mm, P < 0·05, measured v. predicted values, respectively). Even after adjustment for fat mass loss, changes in ghrelin concentration predicted those in desire to eat (r 0·56, P < 0·01), hunger (r 0·45, P < 0·05) and fullness (r − 0·40, P < 0·05). However, the study did not show a between-group difference in the change in ghrelin concentration in response to the intervention. These results show that milk supplementation attenuates the orexigenic effect of body weight loss. Trial registration code: ClinicalTrials.gov NTC00729170.

Metabolomic Characteristics of Fatty Pancreas

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 (12) ◽  
pp. 804-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Assad Jaghutriz ◽  
Róbert Wagner ◽  
Martin Heni ◽  
Rainer Lehmann ◽  
Jürgen Machann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Pancreatic Fat ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Pancreatic Steatosis ◽  
Pancreatic Fat Content

Abstract Objective Pancreatic steatosis is associated with impaired beta cell function in patients with prediabetes. The pathomechanisms underlying this association still remain to be elucidated. Recent data show that adipocytes are situated within the pancreatic parenchyma and therefore give raise to hypothesize that pancreatic fat together with known and unknown metabolites such as hepatokines affect insulin secretion. Applying a targeted metabolomic approach we investigated possible circulating markers of pancreatic fat in order to better understand its role in the pathophysiology of impaired beta cell function. Methods We included 361 Caucasians, at increased risk of type 2 diabetes, from the Tübingen Family Study. All participants underwent a frequently sampled oral glucose tolerance test to assess insulin secretion and a magnetic resonance imaging to quantify pancreatic fat content, total body fat and visceral fat. Among the 152 subjects with prediabetes (IFG and/or IGT), two groups each with 20 individuals, having the lowest and highest pancreatic fat content were selected. The groups were matched for sex, age, BMI, total fat content, visceral fat content, liver fat content and insulin sensitivity. Metabolites were analyzed using the AbsoluteIDQ® p400 HR Kit by Biocrates. Results Pancreatic fat content of all 152 subjects with prediabetes was negatively associated with insulin secretion represented by AUCC-peptide 0–120/AUCGlucose 0–120 (p=0.04; β=− 3.24). Furthermore, pancreatic fat content was positively associated with BMI, total body and visceral fat (all p<0.005). Levels of aminoacids, biogenic amines and monosaccharides were similar between the groups with high/low pancreatic fat content (p>0.90). Also, levels of polar lipids such as lysophosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylcholines, sphingomyelins and ceramides did not differ significantly between the groups (p>0.90). Investigating the levels of neutral lipids such as aclycarnitines, diglycerides, triglycerides and cholesteryl esters also revealed no differences between the groups (p>0.90). Conclusion The amount of pancreatic fat is not associated with the metabolomic pattern in individuals with prediabetes. This might be due to the relatively low pancreatic fat content compared to the total amount of fat stored in other depots. The impact of pancreatic steatosis on insulin secretion might be mediated by paracrine effects which cannot be detected in the circulation.

Integrated Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE) and physical health intervention for cancer survivors with obesity: Preliminary results from a pilot randomized controlled trial.

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (29_suppl) ◽  
pp. 237-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Catherine Beck ◽  
Eric L. Garland ◽  
Pamela A Hansen ◽  
Darren Walker ◽  
Celestial Reimers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Nutrition Intervention ◽  
Interoceptive Awareness ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Compulsive Eating ◽  
Nutrition Training ◽  
Power Group

237 Background: Hypothetically, interventions that reduce excessive weight and promote nutrition and physical activity may protect against cancer recurrence. Yet, obesity is often fueled by compulsive eating behaviors. Integrative therapies that combine exercise and nutrition training with techniques to enhance interoceptive awareness and cognitive control over automatic, compulsive eating may be especially efficacious. This pilot study tested the preliminary efficacy of an integrated exercise, nutrition, and Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE) intervention in a sample of obese cancer patient. Methods: Obese (Mean BMI = 35.8) female patients (Mean age 58.41) with breast (n = 15), colon (n = 1), and endometrial cancers (n = 1) were recruited and randomly assigned to receive exercise and nutrition intervention without (POWER, n = 10) or with an additional mindfulness component (MORE POWER, n = 7). Participants met twice weekly for 10 weeks for group exercise and nutrition sessions. MORE POWER participants also participated in 10 weekly group mindfulness sessions. Pre- and post-intervention, assessments included self-report measures, weight and BMI measurement, and a cue-elicited heart rate variability (HRV) assessment. Results: The MORE POWER group evidenced significantly greater reductions in BMI (p = .015) and weight (p = .034; 6.57 lbs. vs. 1.35 lbs.) than the POWER group. The MORE POWER group also reported significantly greater increases in interoceptive awareness (p = .019) and mindful observation than the POWER group (p = .040). Increases in mindful observation predicted residualized change in BMI, Beta = -.13, SE = .05, p = .03. Lastly, MORE POWER group exhibited significantly greater post-intervention HRV than the POWER group (p = .011). Conclusions: Integrating MORE with an exercise and nutrition training program appeared to enhance weight loss outcomes in this pilot sample of obese cancer patients. Findings suggest that mindfulness training may strengthen cognitive regulation of appetitive and motivational reactions crucial to weight loss, and thereby promote health in cancer survivors.

Pancreatic Fat Content Detected by Computed Tomography and Its Significant Relationship With Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm

Pancreas ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 1087-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Kashiwagi ◽  
Takashi Seino ◽  
Seiichirou Fukuhara ◽  
Kazuhiro Minami ◽  
Masayasu Horibe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Mucinous Neoplasm ◽  
Pancreatic Fat ◽  
Pancreatic Fat Content
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