scholarly journals Sleep and Nutrition Interactions: Implications for Athletes

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doherty ◽  
Madigan ◽  
Warrington ◽  
Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Glycaemic Index ◽  
The Body ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Performance

This narrative review explores the relationship between sleep and nutrition. Various nutritional interventions have been shown to improve sleep including high carbohydrate, high glycaemic index evening meals, melatonin, tryptophan rich protein, tart cherry juice, kiwifruit and micronutrients. Sleep disturbances and short sleep duration are behavioural risk factors for inflammation, associated with increased risk of illness and disease, which can be modified to promote sleep health. For sleep to have a restorative effect on the body, it must be of adequate duration and quality; particularly for athletes whose physical and mental recovery needs may be greater due to the high physiological and psychological demands placed on them during training and competition. Sleep has been shown to have a restorative effect on the immune system, the endocrine system, facilitate the recovery of the nervous system and metabolic cost of the waking state and has an integral role in learning, memory and synaptic plasticity, all of which can impact both athletic recovery and performance. Functional food-based interventions designed to enhance sleep quality and quantity or promote general health, sleep health, training adaptations and/or recovery warrant further investigation.

534 Food Insecurity and Sleep Health by Race/Ethnicity and Age Group in the United States

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A211-A211
Author(s):  
Nyree Riley ◽  
Dana Alhasan ◽  
W Braxton Jackson ◽  
Chandra Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
High Food ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Falling Asleep

Abstract Introduction Food insecurity may influence sleep through poor mental health (e.g., depression) and immune system suppression. Although prior studies have found food insecurity to be associated with poor sleep, few studies have investigated the food security-sleep association among racially/ethnically diverse participants and with multiple sleep dimensions. Methods Using National Health Interview Survey data, we examined overall, age-, sex/gender-, and racial/ethnic-specific associations between food insecurity and sleep health. Food security was categorized as very low, low, marginal, and high. Sleep duration was categorized as very short (<6 hours), short (<7 hours), recommended (7–9 hours), and long (≥9 hours). Sleep disturbances included trouble falling and staying asleep, insomnia symptoms, waking up feeling unrested, and using sleep medication (all ≥3 days/times in the previous week). Adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and other confounders, we used Poisson regression with robust variance to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for sleep dimensions by very low, low, and marginal vs. high food security. Results The 177,435 participants’ mean age was 47.2±0.1 years, 52.0% were women, 68.4% were Non-Hispanic (NH)-White. Among individuals reporting very low food security, 75.4% had an annual income of <$35,000 and 60.3% were ≥50 years old. After adjustment, very low vs. high food security was associated with a higher prevalence of very short (PR=2.61 [95%CI: 2.44–2.80]) and short (PR=1.66 [95% CI: 1.60–1.72]) sleep duration. Very low vs. high food security was associated with both trouble falling asleep (PR=2.21 [95% CI: 2.12–2.30]) and trouble staying asleep (PR=1.98 [95% CI: 1.91–2.06]). Very low vs. high food security was associated with higher prevalence of very short sleep duration among Asians (PR=3.64 [95% CI: 2.67–4.97]), Whites (PR=2.73 [95% CI: 2.50–2.99]), Blacks (PR=2.03 [95% CI: 1.80–2.31]), and Hispanic/Latinxs (PR=2.65 [95% CI: 2.30–3.07]). Conclusion Food insecurity was associated with poor sleep in a diverse sample of the US population. Support (if any):

Sleep disturbances in adults with frailty and sarcopenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-107
Author(s):  
Reona Chiba ◽  
Yuki Ohashi ◽  
Akiko Ozaki
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Several epidemiological studies have reported an age-related increase in the prevalence of sleep disturbances. This study aims to investigate the relationship between sleep and sarcopenia/frailty in older adults and clarify issues that remain to be addressed in future studies. Design/methodology/approach PubMed was searched for relevant studies with the following keywords in the title: “sleep” and “sarcopenia” or “sleep” and “frailty.” A total of 15 studies published in English between 1998 and 2018 were reviewed. Findings Among the four studies that examined the relationship between sarcopenia and sleep, two reported that long or short sleep duration increased the risk of sarcopenia and this association was more pronounced in women than men. Among the seven studies examining the relationship between frailty and sleep, four reported that higher Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores were associated with an increased risk of frailty. Practical implications Most previous studies have focused on interventions targeting a single area such as muscle strength or exercise habits, in older adults at risk for frailty. The results suggest that interventions targeting improved sleep may positively impact the maintenance of muscle strength. Originality/value The literature review revealed that too much or too little sleep increases the risk of sarcopenia in older adults. Further, sleep deprivation, greater night-time wakefulness and reduced sleep quality increase the risk of frailty. Interestingly, the risk of mortality is increased in individuals with daytime functional disorders such as excessive drowsiness or napping habits.

scholarly journals Sleep and risk of parkinsonism and Parkinson’s disease: a population-based study

Brain ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (7) ◽  
pp. 2013-2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thom S Lysen ◽  
Sirwan K L Darweesh ◽  
M Kamran Ikram ◽  
Annemarie I Luik ◽  
M Arfan Ikram
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Increased Risk

While specific sleep disorders are known to precede Parkinson’s disease, it remains unclear how sleep disturbances in the general population affect risk. Lysen et al. report that poor sleep quality and short sleep duration, and their deterioration over time, are associated with increased risk of parkinsonism, including Parkinson’s disease.

Eating Disorders

2020 ◽  
pp. 511-530
Author(s):  
Anoop Narahari ◽  
Raman Baweja ◽  
Piyush Das ◽  
Amit Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
The Body ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Nocturnal Eating ◽  
Abnormal Eating ◽  
Nutritional Balance

Sleep and eating behavior are complimentary homeostatic functions and adequate sleep is fundamental for the nutritional balance of the body. Short sleep duration has been linked to development of obesity and abnormal eating patterns in children and adults. Individuals with eating disorders report significantly higher sleep disturbances of sleep apnea, insomnia, circadian rhythm disorders, and impairment of daytime functioning, as compared to controls. Sleep disturbances have been implicated in suicidal behaviors in patients with eating disorders. This chapters outline the current evidence examining the pathophysiology and comorbidity of sleep disturbance in daytime eating disorders and focus on clinical assessment and management of nocturnal eating disorders including night eating syndrome and particularly sleep-related eating disorder, which is a combination of parasomnia and eating disorder. There is an imminent need to develop evidence-based pharmacological and psychological treatments for management of nocturnal eating disorders and the sleep disturbances associated with daytime eating disorders.

scholarly journals 1159 Sleep Traits And Incident Delirium During A Decade Of Follow-up In 173,000 Participants

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A442-A442
Author(s):  
L Gao ◽  
P Li ◽  
L Cui ◽  
O Johnson-Akeju ◽  
K Hu
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Icd 10

Abstract Introduction Delirium is an acute decline in attention and cognition that is with associated long-term cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients. Accumulating evidence points to strong associations between sleep health and disorders of the brain. We tested whether baseline sleep duration, chronotype, daytime dozing, insomnia or sleep apnea predict incident delirium during hospitalization. Methods We studied participants from the UK Biobank who have been followed for up to 10 years until 2017. We included 173,221 participants (mean age 60±5; range 50-71 at baseline) who had at least one episode of hospitalization/surgery and were free from prior episodes of delirium. Delirium diagnosis, hospitalization and surgical events were derived using ICD-10 coding. Multivariate logistic regression models were performed to examine the associations of self-reported baseline sleep duration (<6hrs/6-9h/>9h), daytime dozing (often/rarely), insomnia (often/rarely) and presence of sleep apnea (ICD-10 and self-report) with incident delirium during follow-up. Models were adjusted for demographics, education, Townsend deprivation index, and major confounders (number of hospitalizations/surgical procedures, BMI, diabetes, major cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, major neurological diseases, major respiratory diseases, cancer, alcohol, depression/anxiety, sedatives/sleep aides, antipsychotics, steroids and opioids). Results In total, 1,023 (5.7 per 1,000 subjects) developed delirium. A prior diagnosis of sleep apnea (n=1,294) saw almost a two-fold increased odds (OR 1.96, 95% CI: 1.30-2.30 p=0.001) while those who often had daytime dozing were also at increased risk (OR 1.35, 95% CI: 1.02-1.80, p=0.025). Both these effects were independent of each other. No independent effects on incident delirium were observed from sleep duration, insomnia, or chronotype. Conclusion Certain sleep disturbances, in particular sleep apnea and daytime dozing, are independently associated with an increased risk for developing delirium. Further work is warranted to examine underlying mechanisms and to test whether optimizing sleep health can reduce the risk of developing delirium. Support This work was supported by NIH grants T32GM007592, RF1AG064312, and RF1AG059867.

scholarly journals Neighborhood Social Cohesion and Sleep Health by Age, Sex/Gender, and Race/Ethnicity in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9475
Author(s):  
Dana M. Alhasan ◽  
Symielle A. Gaston ◽  
W. Braxton Jackson ◽  
Patrice C. Williams ◽  
Ichiro Kawachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Neighborhood Social Cohesion ◽  
Waking Up

Although low neighborhood social cohesion (nSC) has been linked with poor sleep, studies of racially/ethnically diverse participants using multiple sleep dimensions remain sparse. Using National Health Interview Survey data, we examined overall, age, sex/gender, and racial/ethnic-specific associations between nSC and sleep health among 167,153 adults. Self-reported nSC was categorized into low, medium, and high. Very short sleep duration was defined as <6 hours; short as <7 h, recommended as 7–9 h, and long as ≥9 h. Sleep disturbances were assessed based on trouble falling and staying asleep, waking up feeling unrested, and using sleep medication (all ≥3 days/times in the previous week). Adjusting for sociodemographics and other confounders, we used Poisson regression with robust variance to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for sleep dimensions by low and medium vs. high nSC. The mean age of the sample was 47 ± 0.1 years, 52% of those included were women, and 69% were Non-Hispanic (NH)-White. Low vs. high nSC was associated with a higher prevalence of very short sleep (PR = 1.29; (95% CI = 1.23–1.36)). After adjustment, low vs. high nSC was associated with very short sleep duration among NH-White (PR = 1.34 (95% CI = 1.26–1.43)) and NH-Black (PR = 1.14 (95% CI = 1.02–1.28)) adults. Low nSC was associated with shorter sleep duration and sleep disturbances.

scholarly journals Experience of managing menopausal symptoms and quality of sleep with melatonin

2016 ◽  
pp. 64-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. Bryukhina ◽  
E. N. Usoltseva ◽  
D. I. Burchakov
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Menopausal Symptoms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Internal Environment ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Melatonin Secretion

Melatonin is one of the most underestimated agents of the endocrine system. While remaining undeservedly in the shadow of clinical science, it adjusts the body to the systemic changes of the external and internal environment. The periods of perimenopause and menopause are characterized by high levels of stress and reduced quality of life. In recent years, there is a growing understanding that melatonin as adaptogenic hormone supports the female body in this particularly vulnerable period of life. We assessed secretion of melatonin in women with climacteric syndrome (CS) and the effect of melatonin therapy on menopausal symptoms and quality of sleep. The study involved 31 women (mean age 53.5 ± 4,1 years) with mild CS (average age of menopause 52 ± 3 years). Melatonin secretion was evaluated by the concentration of its metabolite (urinary 6-hydroxy-melatonin-sulfate) using enzyme immunoassay. All patients received melatonin 3 mg/day orally at bedtime for 3 months. The results of the treatment were clinically assessed using the modified menopausal index (MMI) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). We found that baseline 6-hydroxy-melatonin-sulfate levels were very low in the evening urine: 1.88 ng/ml (1.08 to 5.34); at night and in the early morning they moderately increased (up to 6.36 ng/ml [from 2,34 to 16,04] and 25.71 ng/ml [15.51 to 32.03], respectively). After 1 month of treatment, MMI in the subjects decreased from 24,9 ± 8,1 points to 16,6 ± 8,8 (P = 0.013) and further to 13,2 ± 6,3 points after 3 months (P = 0.001). The MMI demonstrated a significant decrease of neuro-vegetative symptoms. The median PSQI decreased from 9 to 2 points (p = 0,027). Our findings suggest that melatonin is able to inhibit mild CS and the associated sleep disturbances.

‘Man Is Ill Because He Is Badly Constructed’: Artaud, Klossowski and Deleuze in Search for the Earth Inside

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick Dolphijn
Keyword(s):  
Performance Art ◽  
Holy Spirit ◽  
The Body ◽  
Deleuze And Guattari ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Holy Spirit ◽  
Life Itself ◽  
Body Without Organs ◽  
Ways Of Thinking ◽  
And Performance

Starting with Antonin Artaud's radio play To Have Done With The Judgement Of God, this article analyses the ways in which Artaud's idea of the body without organs links up with various of his writings on the body and bodily theatre and with Deleuze and Guattari's later development of his ideas. Using Klossowski (or Klossowski's Nietzsche) to explain how the dominance of dialogue equals the dominance of God, I go on to examine how the Son (the facialised body), the Father (Language) and the Holy Spirit (Subjectification), need to be warded off in order to revitalize the body, reuniting it with ‘the earth’ it has been separated from. Artaud's writings on Balinese dancing and the Tarahumaran people pave the way for the new body to appear. Reconstructing the body through bodily practices, through religion and above all through art, as Deleuze and Guattari suggest, we are introduced not only to new ways of thinking theatre and performance art, but to life itself.

1421-P: Associations of Sleep Disturbances Before and During Early Pregnancy with Increased Risk of Gestational Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1421-P
Author(s):  
SYLVIA E. BADON ◽  
FEI XU ◽  
ASSIAMIRA FERRARA ◽  
MONIQUE M. HEDDERSON
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Increased Risk

Nutrients Mediate Bioavailability and Turnover of Proteins in Mammals

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 661-665
Author(s):  
Cunxi Nie ◽  
Fei Xie ◽  
Ning Ma ◽  
Yueyu Bai ◽  
Wenju Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Dietary Proteins ◽  
Restricted Diet ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Utilization Of Protein ◽  
High Level ◽  
Protein Restricted Diet

As a major component of biologically active compounds in the body, proteins contribute to the synthesis of body tissues for the renewal and growth of the body. The high level of dietary protein and the imbalance of amino acid (AA) composition in mammals result in metabolic disorders, inefficient utilization of protein resources and increased nitrogen excretion. Fortunately, nutritional interventions can be an effective way of attenuating the nitrogen excretion and increasing protein utilization, which include, but are not limited to, formulating the AA balance and protein-restricted diet supplementing with essential AAs, and adding probiotics in the diet. This review highlights recent advances in the turnover of dietary proteins and mammal’s metabolism for health, in order to improve protein bioavailability through nutritional approach.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document