scholarly journals Frequency of Use of Added Sugar, Salt, and Fat in Infant Foods up to 10 Months in the Nationwide ELFE Cohort Study: Associated Infant Feeding and Caregiving Practices

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 733
Author(s):  
Marie Bournez ◽  
Eléa Ksiazek ◽  
Marie-Aline Charles ◽  
Sandrine Lioret ◽  
Marie-Claude Brindisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Infant Foods ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Commercial Baby Food ◽  
Linear Regressions ◽  
Added Salt

The consumption of sugar, salt, and fat in infancy may influence later health. The objective of this study was to describe the frequency of use of added sugar, salt, and fat during the complementary feeding period and the associated infant caregiving practices. Data were obtained from a monthly questionnaire filled by parents for 10,907 infants from the French Etude Longitudinale Française depuis l’Enfance (ELFE) cohort. A score of frequency of use (SU) for added sugar, salt, and fat (oil, margarine, butter, and/or cream) was calculated from the age at complementary feeding introduction (CFI) to the 10th month. Associations between the SU of each added ingredient with infant feeding and caregiving practices were studied with multivariable linear regressions adjusted for familial characteristics. Only 28% of the parents followed the recommendation of adding fat and simultaneously not adding sugar or salt. Breastfeeding mothers were more prone to add sugar, salt, and fat than non-breastfeeding mothers. CFI before four months was positively associated with the SU of added sugar and salt and negatively associated with the SU of added fat. The use of commercial baby food was negatively related to the SU of added salt and fat. The use of these added ingredients was mainly related to breastfeeding, age at CFI, and use of commercial food, and it was independent of the household socioeconomic characteristics.

scholarly journals Association Between Added Sugars from Infant Formulas and Rapid Weight Gain in US Infants and Toddlers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Ling Kong ◽  
Brenda Burgess ◽  
Katherine S Morris ◽  
Tyler Re ◽  
Holly R Hull ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Infants And Toddlers ◽  
Rapid Weight Gain ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Solid Foods ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Weight For Age

ABSTRACT Background Formulas often contain high amounts of added sugars, though little research has studied their connection to obesity. Objectives This study assessed the contribution of added sugars from formulas during complementary feeding on total added sugar intakes, and the association between these sugars and upward weight-for-age percentile (WFA%) crossing (i.e., participants crossing a higher threshold percentile were considered to have an upward crossing). Methods Data from three 24-hour dietary recalls for infants (n = 97; 9–12 months) and toddlers (n = 44; 13–15 months) were obtained in this cross-sectional analysis. Foods and beverages with added sugars were divided into 17 categories. Pearson's correlations were used to test relations between added sugar intake and upward WFA% crossing, followed by multivariable regressions when significant. ANOVA compared intakes of all, milk-based, and table foods between primarily formula-fed compared with breastfed participants. Multivariable regressions were used to test effects of added sugars and protein from all foods compared with added sugars and protein from milk-based sources on upward WFA% crossing. Results Added sugars from formulas comprised 66% and 7% of added sugars consumed daily by infants and toddlers, respectively. A significant association was observed between upward WFA% crossing and added sugars from milk-based sources after controlling for gestational age, sex, age, introduction to solid foods, mean energy intakes, and maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and education (β = 0.003; 95% CI, 0.000–0.007; P = 0.046). Primarily formula-fed participants consumed nearly twice the energy from added sugars (P = 0.003) and gained weight faster (upward WFA% crossing = 1.1 ± 1.2 compared with 0.3 ± 0.6, respectively; P < 0.001) than their breastfed counterparts. Conclusions Added sugars in formulas predict rapid weight gain in infants and toddlers. Educating mothers on lower-sugar options may enhance childhood obesity prevention.

scholarly journals Artificial feeding of Amblyomma cajennense (Acari: Ixodidae) fasting females through capillary tube technique

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isis Abel ◽  
Fabíola N. Corrêa ◽  
Abisair A. Castro ◽  
Nathalie C. Cunha ◽  
Renata C. Madureira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Capillary Tube ◽  
Artificial Feeding ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Bovine Blood ◽  
Amblyomma Cajennense ◽  
Capillary Tubes ◽  
Feeding Technique

The present study aimed to adjust the artificial feeding technique through capillaries and to verify its influence over the biology of Amblyomma cajennense females. Five groups of 20 female ticks were formed. Females were starved for 45 days and then fed with citrated bovine blood using capillary tubes in different periods of time. Females were divided in five experimental groups with 20 individuals each and fed as follows: groups uninterruptedly fed for 12, 24, and 48 hours and groups fed 2 and 6 h a day, for a period of 8 days. Subsequently, ticks were exposed to rabbits for complementary feeding and their biological parameters were analyzed. TIcks were capable of feeding, showing rounded idiosoma, visible even to naked eyes, following the feeding period. The groups fed for 24 hours, 2 hours/day for eight consecutive days or 6h/day for eight consecutive days presented greater weight gain, without statistically significant differences. These results suggested that 24 hours of artificial feeding were enough for fasting females to increase weight by 2.43 mg. Artificial feeding through capillaries did not interfere with parasitic and non-parasitic phases of A. cajennense females.

scholarly journals Infant Feeding Practices in Kaski District, Pokhara

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
S Basnet ◽  
E Gauchan ◽  
K Malla ◽  
T Malla ◽  
DP Koirala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Prelacteal Feeds ◽  
Initiation Of Breastfeeding ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Background: Children in developing countries are prone to infectious diseases due to insufficient and inappropriate feeding practices. Socio-demographic and socio-economic factors directly and indirectly play a role in influencing infant feeding practices.  This study was conducted to assess the socio-demographic and economic factors associated with initiation of breastfeeding, complimentary feeding, and the various prelacteal feeds practiced in Kaski, Pokhara. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, interviews were conducted to 500 mothers at Manipal Teaching Hospital who brought their child for treatment. The interviews were conducted in a questionnaire format relating to their demographic and financial statuses. Results: A total of 500 mothers were questioned, out of which 86.6% gave their child breastmilk as its first food. 47% initiated breastfeeding within half an hour of child’s birth. 86% gave Jaulo as the first complementary food to their children. About 26% of the mothers gave complementary feeding to their children before the recommended time of 6 months. Conclusion: Initiation of breastfeeding after life and complementary feeding practices overall has improved from previous studies. There is still need of making awareness campaigns and such in order to further improve this trend. Key words: Breastfeeding; Complimentary feeding; Malnourishment DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v32i1.5339     J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. Vol.32(1) 2012 23-27

scholarly journals The Carbon Isotope Ratios of Serum Amino Acids in Combination with Participant Characteristics can be Used to Estimate Added Sugar Intake in a Controlled Feeding Study of US Postmenopausal Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (10) ◽  
pp. 2764-2771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Young Yun ◽  
Lesley F Tinker ◽  
Marian L Neuhouser ◽  
Dale A Schoeller ◽  
Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Carbon Isotope ◽  
Isotope Ratio ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Feeding Study ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
Participant Characteristics

ABSTRACT Background The carbon isotope ratio (CIR) is a proposed biomarker for added sugar (AS) intake in the United States; however, because the CIR is also associated with meat intake in most populations the need for specificity remains. The CIR of amino acids (AAs) has the potential to differentiate sugars from meat intakes, because essential AAs must derive from dietary protein whereas certain nonessential AAs can be synthesized from sugars. Objectives We tested whether serum CIR-AAs in combination with participant characteristics could meet a prespecified biomarker criterion for AS intake in the Nutrition and Physical Activity Assessment Study Feeding Study (NPAAS-FS) of the Women's Health Initiative, a population in which the whole-serum CIR was not associated with AS intake. Methods Postmenopausal women (n = 145) from Seattle, WA, were provided with individualized diets that approximated their habitual food intakes for 2 wk. Dietary intakes from consumed foods were characterized over the feeding period using the Nutrition Data System for Research. The CIR of 7 AAs—Ala, Gly, Val, Leu, Ile, Pro, and Phe—were measured in fasting serum collected at the end of the 2-wk feeding period, using gas chromatography–combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Biomarker models were evaluated using regression R2 ≥ 0.36 as a major biomarker criterion, based on the benchmark R2 values of well-established recovery biomarkers in the NPAAS-FS. Results AS intake was associated with CIR-Ala (ρ = 0.32; P < 0.0001). A model of AS intake based on CIR-Ala, CIR-Gly, CIR-Ile, smoking, leisure physical activity, and body weight met the biomarker criterion (R2 = 0.37). Biomarker-estimated AS intake was not associated with meat or animal protein intake. Conclusions Results support serum CIR-AAs in combination with participant characteristics as potential biomarkers of AS intake in US populations, including those with low AS intake. The Women's Health Initiative is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00000611).

scholarly journals The Influence of Infant Food Advertising on Infant Feeding Practices in St. Vincent

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted Greiner ◽  
Michael C. Latham
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Food Advertising ◽  
Infant Food ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Complete Sample ◽  
Infant Foods ◽  
The Public

A survey designed to examine the extent to which infant food advertising could be shown measurably to influence infant feeding practices was carried out in St. Vincent in the eastern Caribbean. A questionnaire was administered to mothers of about 200 children one to two years old, nearly a complete sample in each of two towns. Infant food advertising was found to be uncommon. The typical infant feeding pattern, largely a combination of both breast and bottle feeding, had existed for decades. Despite the fact that this was not a very appropriate setting for such a study, and that there were a number of methodological constraints, the results of two multiple regression analyses suggested that the more a mother was influenced by infant food advertising, the sooner she began to bottle feed and the sooner she stopped breastfeeding. The cessation of all promotion of commercial infant foods, to the public as well as to health professionals, is called for.

scholarly journals Patterns and predictors of food texture introduction in French children aged 4–36 months

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (9) ◽  
pp. 1065-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauriane Demonteil ◽  
Eléa Ksiazek ◽  
Agnès Marduel ◽  
Marion Dusoulier ◽  
Hugo Weenen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
First Year ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Texture ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Linear Regressions

AbstractThe aims of this study were to describe which and when food textures are offered to children between 4 and 36 months in France and to identify the associated factors. An online cross-sectional survey was designed, including questions about 188 food texture combinations representing three texture levels: purées (T1), soft small pieces (T2) and hard/large pieces and double textures (T3). Mothers indicated which combinations they already offered to their child. A food texture exposure score (TextExp) was calculated for all of the texture levels combined and for each texture level separately. Associations between TextExp and maternal and child characteristics and feeding practices were explored by multiple linear regressions, per age class. Answers from 2999 mothers living in France, mostly educated and primiparous, were analysed. Over the first year, children were mainly exposed to purées. Soft and small pieces were slowly introduced between 6 and 22 months, whereas hard/large pieces were mainly introduced from 13 months onwards. TextExp was positively associated with children’s number of teeth and ability to eat alone with their finger or a fork. For almost all age classes, TextExp was higher in children introduced to complementary feeding earlier, lower for children who were offered only commercial baby foods and higher for those who were offered only home-made/non-specific foods during the second year. Our study shows that until 12 months of age the majority of French children were exposed to pieces to a small extent. It provides new insights to further understand the development of texture acceptance during a key period for the development of eating habits.

scholarly journals Harmonizing Micronutrient Intake Reference Ranges for Dietary Guidance and Menu Planning in Complementary Feeding

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynda M O'Neill ◽  
Johanna T Dwyer ◽  
Regan L Bailey ◽  
Kathleen C Reidy ◽  
Jose M Saavedra
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Menu Planning ◽  
Food Standards ◽  
Micronutrient Intake ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Nutrient Reference Values

ABSTRACT There are no published harmonized nutrient reference values for the complementary feeding period. The aim of the study was to develop proposals on adequate and safe intake ranges of micronutrients that can be applied to dietary guidance and menu planning. Dietary intake surveys from 6 populous countries were selected as pertinent to the study and reviewed for data on micronutrients. The most frequently underconsumed micronutrients were identified as iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, and vitamins A, B6, B12, C, D, E, and folate. Key published reference values for these micronutrients were identified, compared, and reconciled. WHO/FAO values were generally identified as initial nutrient targets and reconciled with nutrient reference values from the Institute of Medicine and the European Food Standards Authority. A final set of harmonized reference nutrient intake ranges for the complementary feeding period is proposed.

scholarly journals Rapid infancy weight gain during the complementary feeding period in a cohort of Spanish infants

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-78
Author(s):  
Isabel Iguacel ◽  
Lino Álvarez ◽  
Mª Jesús Cabero ◽  
Laura Monje ◽  
Luis A. Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Feeding Period

scholarly journals Determinants of child wasting in Bhutan. Insights from nationally representative data

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor M Aguayo ◽  
Nina Badgaiyan ◽  
Laigden Dzed
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Very Young Children ◽  
Multiple Indicator ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Prelacteal Feeds

AbstractObjectiveTo characterize the epidemiology of wasting and identify the main predictors of wasting, severe wasting and poor weight-for-height in children.DesignWe analysed a nationally representative sample of 2028 children (Multiple Indicator Survey, 2010).SettingRoyal Kingdom of Bhutan.SubjectsChildren aged 0–23 months.ResultsWasting prevalence was significantly higher among infants aged 0–11 months than among children aged 12–23 months (12·0 v. 6·7 %; P=0·004) and among boys than girls (11·0 v. 7·5 %; P=0·04). Children from the Western region had 63 % higher odds of being wasted than children from the Central/Eastern regions (adjusted OR (AOR)=1·63; 95 % CI 1·14, 2·34). Poor feeding practices were among the most significant predictors of wasting and severe wasting. Children who were given prelacteal feeds in the first days of life had 2·5 times higher odds of being severely wasted than those who were not (AOR=2·49; 95 % CI 1·19, 5·19); inadequate complementary feeding in children aged 0–23 months was associated with 58 % higher odds of being wasted (AOR=1·58; 95 % CI 1·02, 2·47) and 2·3 times higher odds of being severely wasted (AOR=2·28; 95 % CI 1·13, 4·58). The association of poor infant feeding practices with wasting and severe wasting was particularly significant in infants (0–11 months).ConclusionsProgrammes for the detection and treatment of severely wasted children need to prioritize very young children (0–11 months), particularly in the Western region. Programmes for the prevention of wasting need to prioritize the improvement of complementary foods and feeding practices in children aged 6–23 months.

scholarly journals The influence of early feeding practices on healthy diet variety score among pre-school children in four European birth cohorts

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 1774-1784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Jones ◽  
George Moschonis ◽  
Andreia Oliveira ◽  
Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain ◽  
Yannis Manios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
School Children ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Breast Fed

AbstractObjectiveThe present study examined whether maternal diet and early infant feeding experiences relating to being breast-fed and complementary feeding influence the range of healthy foods consumed in later childhood.DesignData from four European birth cohorts were studied. Healthy Plate Variety Score (HPVS) was calculated using FFQ. HPVS assesses the variety of healthy foods consumed within and across the five main food groups. The weighted numbers of servings consumed of each food group were summed; the maximum score was 5. Associations between infant feeding experiences, maternal diet and the HPVS were tested using generalized linear models and adjusted for appropriate confounders.SettingThe British Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), the French Etude des Déterminants pre et postnatals de la santé et du développement de L’Enfant study (EDEN), the Portuguese Generation XXI Birth Cohort and the Greek EuroPrevall cohort.SubjectsPre-school children and their mothers.ResultsThe mean HPVS for each of the cohorts ranged from 2·3 to 3·8, indicating that the majority of children were not eating a full variety of healthy foods. Never being breast-fed or being breast-fed for a short duration was associated with lower HPVS at 2, 3 and 4 years of age in all cohorts. There was no consistent association between the timing of complementary feeding and HPVS. Mother’s HPVS was strongly positively associated with child’s HPVS but did not greatly attenuate the relationship with breast-feeding duration.ConclusionsResults suggest that being breast-fed for a short duration is associated with pre-school children eating a lower variety of healthy foods.

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