scholarly journals Vitamin B12 in Relation to Oxidative Stress: A Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik van de Lagemaat ◽  
Lisette de Groot ◽  
Ellen van den Heuvel
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
Growth Factor Production ◽  
Randomised Controlled

The triage theory posits that modest micronutrient deficiencies may induce reallocation of nutrients to processes necessary for immediate survival at the expense of long-term health. Neglected processes could in time contribute to the onset of age-related diseases, in which oxidative stress is believed to be a major factor. Vitamin B12 (B12) appears to possess antioxidant properties. This review aims to summarise the potential antioxidant mechanisms of B12 and investigate B12 status in relation to oxidative stress markers. A systematic query-based search of PubMed was performed to identify eligible publications. The potential antioxidant properties of B12 include: (1) direct scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS), particularly superoxide; (2) indirect stimulation of ROS scavenging by preservation of glutathione; (3) modulation of cytokine and growth factor production to offer protection from immune response-induced oxidative stress; (4) reduction of homocysteine-induced oxidative stress; and (5) reduction of oxidative stress caused by advanced glycation end products. Some evidence appears to suggest that lower B12 status is related to increased pro-oxidant and decreased antioxidant status, both overall and for subclinically deficient individuals compared to those with normal B12 status. However, there is a lack of randomised controlled trials and prospective studies focusing specifically on the relation between B12 and oxidative stress in humans, resulting in a low strength of evidence. Further work is warranted.

scholarly journals Nutraceutical Supplementation Ameliorates Visual Function, Retinal Degeneration, and Redox Status in rd10 Mice

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1033
Author(s):  
Lorena Olivares-González ◽  
Sheyla Velasco ◽  
Isabel Campillo ◽  
David Salom ◽  
Emilio González-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Retinal Degeneration ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Photoreceptor Cells ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Inherited Retinal Dystrophies ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Retinal Dystrophies ◽  
Progressive Degeneration ◽  
Light Stimuli

Background: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of inherited retinal dystrophies characterized by progressive degeneration of photoreceptor cells. Ocular redox status is altered in RP suggesting oxidative stress could contribute to their progression. In this study, we investigated the effect of a mixture of nutraceuticals with antioxidant properties (NUT) on retinal degeneration in rd10 mice, a model of RP. Methods: NUT was orally administered to rd10 mice from postnatal day (PD) 9 to PD18. At PD18 retinal function and morphology were examined by electroretinography (ERG) and histology including TUNEL assay, immunolabeling of microglia, Müller cells, and poly ADP ribose polymers. Retinal redox status was determined by measuring the activity of antioxidant enzymes and some oxidative stress markers. Gene expression of the cytokines IL-6, TNFα, and IL-1β was assessed by real-time PCR. Results: NUT treatment delayed the loss of photoreceptors in rd10 mice partially preserving their electrical responses to light stimuli. Moreover, it ameliorated redox status and reduced inflammation including microglia activation, upregulation of cytokines, reactive gliosis, and PARP overactivation. Conclusions: NUT ameliorated retinal functionality and morphology at early stages of RP in rd10 mice. This formulation could be useful as a neuroprotective approach for patients with RP in the future.

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Potential of Ginkgo biloba in Retinal Diseases

Planta Medica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (17) ◽  
pp. 1292-1303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Martínez-Solís ◽  
Nuria Acero ◽  
Francisco Bosch-Morell ◽  
Encarna Castillo ◽  
María Eugenia González-Rosende ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Retinal Disease ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Retinal Diseases ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Degenerative Processes

AbstractLike other tissues of the central nervous system, the retina is susceptible to damage by oxidative processes that result in several neurodegenerative disease such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, ischaemic retinal disease, retinal disease produced by light oxidation, and detached retina, among other diseases. The use of antioxidant substances is a solution to some health problems caused by oxidative stress, because they regulate redox homeostasis and reduce oxidative stress. This is important for neurodegeneration linked to oxidation processes. In line with this, Ginkgo biloba is a medicinal plant with excellent antioxidant properties whose effects have been demonstrated in several degenerative processes, including retinal diseases associated with neurodegeneration. This review describes the current literature on the role of ginkgo in retinal diseases associated with neurodegeneration. The information leads to the conclusion that G. biloba extracts might be a good option to improve certain neurodegenerative retinal diseases, but more research is needed to determine the safety and efficacy of G. biloba in these retinal degenerative processes.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Marine Carotenoids: Application by Using Nanoformulations

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasin Genç ◽  
Hilal Bardakci ◽  
Çiğdem Yücel ◽  
Gökçe Şeker Karatoprak ◽  
Esra Küpeli Akkol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Photosynthetic Organisms ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Cancer Types

Carotenoids are natural fat-soluble pigments synthesized by plants, algae, fungi and microorganisms. They are responsible for the coloration of different photosynthetic organisms. Although they play a role in photosynthesis, they are also present in non-photosynthetic plant tissues, fungi, and bacteria. These metabolites have mainly been used in food, cosmetics, and the pharmaceutical industry. In addition to their utilization as pigmentation, they have significant therapeutically applications, such as improving immune system and preventing neurodegenerative diseases. Primarily, they have attracted attention due to their antioxidant activity. Several statistical investigations indicated an association between the use of carotenoids in diets and a decreased incidence of cancer types, suggesting the antioxidant properties of these compounds as an important factor in the scope of the studies against oxidative stress. Unusual marine environments are associated with a great chemical diversity, resulting in novel bioactive molecules. Thus, marine organisms may represent an important source of novel biologically active substances for the development of therapeutics. Marine carotenoids (astaxanthin, fucoxanthin, β-carotene, lutein but also the rare siphonaxanthin, sioxanthin, and myxol) have recently shown antioxidant properties in reducing oxidative stress markers. Numerous of bioactive compounds such as marine carotenoids have low stability, are poorly absorbed, and own very limited bioavailability. The new technique is nanoencapsulation, which can be used to preserve marine carotenoids and their original properties during processing, storage, improve their physiochemical properties and increase their health-promoting effects. This review aims to describe the role of marine carotenoids, their potential applications and different types of advanced nanoformulations preventing and treating oxidative stress related disorders.

Oxidative Damage in the Liver of Rats Treated With Glycolaldehyde

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Lorenzi ◽  
Michael Everton Andrades ◽  
Rafael Calixto Bortolin ◽  
Ryoji Nagai ◽  
Felipe Dal-Pizzol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Protein Function ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
Carboxymethyl Lysine

Liver diseases are often associated with hyperglycemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress. These conditions, commonly associated with diabetes mellitus and obesity, facilitate the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). These products are known to impair protein function and promote inflammation. Accumulation of AGEs such as Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) is related to chronic liver diseases and their severity. Although several reports suggest a crucial role of AGEs in liver failure, there is little investigation on the direct effects of reducing sugars, precursors of AGEs, and on the onset and progression of liver failure. In this work, we investigate the effects of intravenously administrated glycolaldehyde (GA), a short-chain aldehyde, on oxidative parameters in the liver of Wistar rats. Animals received a single injection of GA (10, 50, or 100 mg/kg) and were sacrificed after 6, 12, or 24 hours. Levels of protein carbonyl, lipid peroxidation, and reduced thiol were quantified. The activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glyoxalase I were also assessed. The amount of CML was quantified with specific antibody. There was an increase in oxidative stress markers in the liver of GA-treated rats. Glycolaldehyde induced a decrease in the activities of all enzymes assayed. Also, all tested doses led to an increase in CML content. Our data suggest that GA might play an important role in liver diseases through the impairment of antioxidant defenses and generation of AGEs.

scholarly journals Melatonin Modulation of Sirtuin-1 Attenuates Liver Injury in a Hypercholesterolemic Mouse Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Bonomini ◽  
Gaia Favero ◽  
Luigi Fabrizio Rodella ◽  
Mohammed H. Moghadasian ◽  
Rita Rezzani
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Oral Supplementation ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Stress Signals

Hypercholesterolemia increases and exacerbates stress signals leading also to liver damage (LD) and failure. Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) is involved in lifespan extension and it plays an essential role in hepatic lipid metabolism. However, its involvement in liver hypercholesterolemic damage is not yet completely defined. This in vivo study evaluated the role of SIRT1 in the hypercholesterolemic-related LD and, then, investigated how oral supplementation of melatonin, pleiotropic indoleamine, may be protective. Control mice and apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (ApoE−/−) of 6 and 15 weeks of age were treated or not treated with melatonin at the dose of 10 mg/kg/day for 9 weeks. In this study, we evaluated serum biochemical markers, liver SIRT1 expression, and oxidative stress markers. We observed that hypercholesterolemia increased significantly serum cholesterol and triglycerides, reduced significantly liver SIRT1, and, in turn, induced hepatic oxidative stress in untreated ApoE−/− mice with respect to control mice. Interestingly, melatonin treatment improved serum biochemical markers and hepatic morphological impairment and inhibited oxidative stress through its antioxidant properties and also by SIRT1 upregulation. In summary, melatonin oral supplementation may represent a new protective approach to block hypercholesterolemic liver alterations involving also a SIRT1-dependent mechanism.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document