scholarly journals Extract from Aronia melanocarpa L. Berries Prevents Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Liver: A Study in A Rat Model of Low-Level and Moderate Lifetime Human Exposure to this Toxic Metal

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Mężyńska ◽  
Małgorzata Brzóska ◽  
Joanna Rogalska ◽  
Barbara Piłat-Marcinkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Aronia Melanocarpa ◽  
Oxidant Concentration ◽  
Total Antioxidative Status

The study investigated, in a rat model of low-level and moderate environmental exposure to cadmium (Cd; 1 or 5 mg Cd/kg diet, respectively, for 3 to 24 months), whether the co-administration of 0.1% extract from Aronia melanocarpa L. berries (AE) may protect against oxidative stress in the liver and in this way mediate this organ status. The intoxication with Cd, dose- and duration-dependently, weakened the enzymatic antioxidative barrier, decreased the concentrations of reduced glutathione and total thiol groups, and increased the concentrations of oxidized glutathione, hydrogen peroxide, xanthine oxidase, and myeloperoxidase in this organ. These resulted in a decrease in the total antioxidative status, increase in the total oxidative status and development of oxidative stress (increased oxidative stress index and malondialdehyde concentration) and histopathological changes in the liver. The administration of AE at both levels of Cd treatment significantly improved the enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidative barrier, decreased pro-oxidant concentration, and protected from the development of oxidative stress in the liver and changes in its morphology, as well as normalized the serum activities of liver enzymes markers. In conclusion, consumption of aronia products may prevent Cd-induced destroying the oxidative/antioxidative balance and development of oxidative stress in the liver protecting against this organ damage.

scholarly journals Extract from Aronia melanocarpa L. Berries Prevents Cadmium-induced Oxidative Stress in the Liver: a Study in a Rat Model of Low-level and Moderate Lifetime Human Exposure to this Toxic Metal

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Mężyńska ◽  
Małgorzata M. Brzóska ◽  
Joanna Rogalska
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Aronia Melanocarpa ◽  
Total Antioxidative Status

The study investigated, in a rat model of low-level and moderate environmental exposure to cadmium (Cd; 1 or 5 mg Cd/kg diet, respectively, for 3-24 months), whether the co-administration of 0.1% extract from Aronia melanocarpa L. berries (AE) may protect against oxidative stress in the liver. The intoxication with Cd, dose- and duration-dependently, weakened the enzymatic antioxidative barrier (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione S-transferase), decreased the concentrations of non-enzymatic antioxidants (reduced glutathione and total thiol groups), and increased the concentrations of oxidized glutathione, hydrogen peroxide, xanthine oxidase, and myeloperoxidase in this organ. These resulted in a decrease in the total antioxidative status (TAS), an increase in the total oxidative status (TOS), and development of oxidative stress in the liver (evaluated based on the index of oxidative stress calculated as the ratio of TOS and TAS). The administration of AE at both levels of Cd treatment significantly improved the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidative barrier, decreased the concentration of pro-oxidants, and protected from the development of oxidative stress in the liver. In conclusion, consumption of aronia products may prevent Cd-induced destroying the oxidative/antioxidative balance and development of oxidative stress in the liver protecting against this organ damage.

scholarly journals Enhanced Zinc Intake Protects against Oxidative Stress and Its Consequences in the Brain: A Study in an In Vivo Rat Model of Cadmium Exposure

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 478
Author(s):  
Małgorzata M. Brzóska ◽  
Magdalena Kozłowska ◽  
Joanna Rogalska ◽  
Małgorzata Gałażyn-Sidorczuk ◽  
Alicja Roszczenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Total Antioxidative Status ◽  
Total Oxidative Status ◽  
The Brain

We examined, in a rat model of moderate environmental human exposure to cadmium (Cd), whether the enhanced intake of zinc (Zn) may protect against Cd-caused destroying the oxidative/antioxidative balance and its consequences in the brain. The intoxication with Cd (5 mg/L, 6 months) weakened the enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase) and non-enzymatic (total thiol groups, reduced glutathione) antioxidative barrier decreasing the total antioxidative status and increased the concentrations of pro-oxidants (hydrogen peroxide, myeloperoxidase) in this organ and its total oxidative status. These resulted in the development of oxidative stress and oxidative modifications of lipids and proteins. The co-administration of Zn (30 and 60 mg/L enhancing this element intake by 79% and 151%, respectively) importantly protected against Cd accumulation in the brain tissue and this xenobiotic-induced development of oxidative stress and oxidative damage to lipids and proteins. Moreover, this bioelement also prevented Cd-mediated oxidative stress evaluated in the serum. The favorable effect of Zn was caused by its independent action and interaction with Cd. Concluding, the enhancement of Zn intake under oral exposure to Cd may prevent the oxidative/antioxidative imbalance and oxidative stress in the brain and thus protect against injury of cellular macromolecules in the nervous system.

scholarly journals Beneficial Impact of an Extract from the Berries of Aronia melanocarpa L. on the Oxidative-Reductive Status of the Submandibular Gland of Rats Exposed to Cadmium

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Dąbrowski ◽  
Barbara M. Onopiuk ◽  
Halina Car ◽  
Paweł Onopiuk ◽  
Zofia N. Dąbrowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Aronia Melanocarpa ◽  
Beneficial Impact

Oxidative stress underlies the pathomechanisms of toxic action of cadmium (Cd), including its damaging impact on the oral cavity. This study investigated whether the administration of an extract from Aronia melanocarpa L. berries (AME), characterized by their strong antioxidative potential, may have a beneficial impact on the oxidative-reductive status of the submandibular gland in an experimental model of low-level and moderate human environmental exposure to cadmium. The main markers of the antioxidative status (glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, total antioxidative status (TAS)), total oxidative status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI = TOS/TAS), and lipid peroxides, as well as cadmium concentration, were evaluated in the submandibular gland tissue of female Wistar rats who received a 0.1% aqueous AME and/or a diet containing 0, 1, and 5 mg Cd/kg for 3 and 10 months. The treatment with cadmium decreased the activities of antioxidative enzymes (29%–74%), reduced glutathione concentration (45%–52%), and TAS and increased TOS, resulting in the development of oxidative stress and enhanced concentration of lipid peroxides in the submandibular gland. The administration of AME at both levels of exposure to cadmium offered significant protection against these actions of this xenobiotic. After the 10 month exposure to the 1 and 5 mg Cd/kg diet, TAS was decreased by 77% and 83%, respectively, TOS, OSI, and lipid peroxides concentration were increased by 50% and 52%, respectively, 11.8-fold and 14.4-fold, respectively, and 2.3-fold and 4.3-fold, respectively, whereas, in the case of the extract co-administration, the values of these parameters did not differ compared to the control group. The results indicate that the consumption of aronia products under exposure to cadmium may have a beneficial impact on the oxidative-reductive status of the submandibular gland and prevent oxidative stress development and enhanced lipid peroxidation in this salivary gland.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF CIMETIDINE ON NITRO-OXIDATIVE STRESS IN A RAT MODEL OF PERIODONTITIS

2014 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Culic ◽  
Alina Elena Parvu ◽  
Sandu Florin Alb ◽  
Camelia Alb ◽  
Angela Pop
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Oxidative Stress Index ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Total Oxidative Status ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background and aims. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation that involves nitro-oxidative stress with damaging periodontal structural effects. We aimed to evaluate the consequences of low-dose cimetidine on nitro-oxidative stress in periodontitis. Methods. A rat model of ligature-induced periodontitis was used. After two weeks, the periodontitis groups were treated with cimetidine, aminoguanidine, N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester and trolox for one week. On day 21, blood was drawn and the serum analyzed for measurement of total nitrites and nitrates, total oxidative status, total antioxidant response, and oxidative stress index. Results. Cimetidine had an inhibitory effect on the synthesis of nitric oxide (p=0.001), total oxidative status (p=0.01) and oxidative stress index (p=0.01). Total antioxidant reactivity was increased by cimetidine (p=0.01). The effects of cimetidine were almost like those of aminoguanidine, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, and trolox. Conclusions. Low-dose cimetidine can be used as adjunctive host modulatory therapy in chronic periodontitis because it reduces nitro-oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress induced by chlorpromazine in patients treated and acutely poisoned with the drug

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bratislav Dejanovic ◽  
Vesna Vukovic-Dejanovic ◽  
Ivana Stevanovic ◽  
Ivana Stojanovic ◽  
Gordana Mandic-Gajic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Total Antioxidative Status ◽  
Therapeutic Doses ◽  
Stress Parameters

Background/Aim. Although chlorpromazine (CPZ) is an antipsychotic drug widely used in clinical practice for a long time, its mechanism of action has not been entirely defined. An extremely difficult managing of patients acutely poisoned with CPZ is additional reason for detailed studying its toxicity mechanisms. In this clinical study, we investigated whether the oxidative stress (OS) mediates CPZ toxic effects in the exposed patients. Methods. The patients were organized into 3 groups: the T-group - hospitalized patients receiving therapeutic doses of 75-150 mg CPZ/day; the overdosed group, divided into two subgroups: the group M and the group S - mildly (CPZ serum concentration: 0.21 ? 0.05 mg/L) and severely (CPZ serum concentration: 2.66 ? 0.25 mg/L) poisoned patients, respectively, and the group C (control group of healthy volunteers). Oxidative stress parameters [total antioxidative status (TAS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in plasma)] and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in erythrocytes were measured spectrophotometrically, and CPZ concentrations in serum were monitored chromatographically. One set of measurements was performed in the group C and T, whereas two sets of measurements (after 24 hours and 48 hours) were done in the poisoned patients, groups M and S. Results. A decrease of TAS and increase of SOD activity were obtained in both subgroups of the poisoned patients, compared to the controls and the group receiving therapeutic doses of CPZ. A significant increase of MDA was achieved in severely poisoned patients, compared to all other groups. Conclusion. Changed oxidative stress parameters in patients poisoned with chlorpromazine indicate involvement of oxidative stress in the toxicity mechanism(s) of chlorpromazine.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress, Trace and Toxic Metal Levels In Alzheimer’S Disease In Sub-Sahara Africa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
ISHIAQ Olayinka OMOTOSHO ◽  
Michael Roland Ngwube ◽  
Jibril Omuya ABDUMALIK
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Metal Levels

Abstract BackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD), an age-related neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of memory has been attributed to oxidative stress induced by accumulation of Amyloid (Aβ) protein in the brain; environmental and genetic alterations have been implicated as the pathogenesis of the disease. This work investigated levels of selected trace (Iron, Zinc and Copper) and toxic (Cadmium and Lead) metals in AD patients.MethodIn this case-control study, a total of 38 participants (aged ≥ 60 years) consisting of 18 clinically diagnosed AD subjects and 20 apparently healthy age-matched adults were recruited from the University College Hospital Ibadan Geriatric Centre. Semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain demographic information, clinical history, lifestyle and dietary patterns from participants. Blood levels of iron, copper, zinc, lead and cadmium were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS); levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and total plasma peroxide (TPP) were determined spectrophotometrically, while oxidative stress index (OSI) and copper to zinc ratio (Cu:Zn) were calculated.ResultsMean plasma level of zinc was significantly lower in cases (86.04 ± 11.07 µg/dl) compared to controls (108.80 ± 12.47 µg/dl), while blood lead (13.85 ± 2.96 µg/dl, 8.32 ± 2.10 µg/dl) and cadmium (1.34 ± 0.71 µg/L, 0.71 ± 0.14 µg/L) levels were significantly higher in cases than in controls respectively. Although Fe and Cu levels were similar in cases and controls, Cu:Zn ratio was significantly elevated in cases compared to controls (p = 0.000). Though other OS markers were not significantly different in both groups, TPP was significantly higher in cases (64.96 ± 7.20 µmol/H2O2 vs. 55.41 ± 2.38 µmol/H2O2) while MDA correlated inversely with TAC in cases (r= − 0.477, p = 0.045).DiscussionThe low plasma Zn coupled with high blood Pb and Cd levels may precipitate the elevated TPP and Cu:Zn ratio in cases. The reduced metallothionine defense of the system as indicated by the elevated Cu:Zn ratio in cases may also exacerbate this problem.ConclusionThe damaging effect of increasing toxic metal levels may be accentuating development of oxidative stress facilitating the progression of AD.

scholarly journals Oxidative and Antioxidative Status of Children with Celiac Disease Treated with a Gluten Free-Diet

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grażyna Rowicka ◽  
Grażyna Czaja-Bulsa ◽  
Magdalena Chełchowska ◽  
Agnieszka Riahi ◽  
Małgorzata Strucińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Gluten Free Diet ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Group I

Aims. Oxidative stress is a factor involved in the pathogenesis of celiac disease (CD), possibly affecting the course of the disease and celiac-related complications. We assessed the intensity of oxidative processes and the efficiency of antioxidant defense in children with celiac disease. Methods. Group I (n=32) consisted of children with CD treated with a gluten-free diet, and group II (n=24) consisted of healthy children on a traditional diet. Antioxidative and oxidative status was assessed by measurement of serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant capacity (TOC), and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and on the basis of oxidative stress index (OSI).Results. There were no significant differences in serum TAC, TOC, ox-LDL, and OSI between children with CD and healthy children. Cluster analysis showed that the group of children with CD is not homogeneous in terms of serum TAC and TOC levels. About 50% of these children had TAC levels < 1.3 mmol/L and TOC levels > 0.35 mmol/L.Conclusions. Strict adherence to a gluten-free diet by children with CD seems to be important for maintaining oxidative-antioxidant balance. However, further research is needed to identify factors potentially responsible for increased oxidative stress in some children with celiac disease despite adherence to a gluten-free diet.

scholarly journals Impaired oxidative-antioxidative balance during migraine attack

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 2996-3002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Khosravi ◽  
Alireza Nakhaee ◽  
Abdoreza Ghoreishi ◽  
Zahra Arefpoor ◽  
Masoud Sadeghi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Migraine Group

Background: Recent evidence has suggested that oxidative stress may play a role in the pathophysiology of migraine. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the oxidative-antioxidative status in sera of migraine patients from an Iranian population during migraine attacks. Methods: This study recruited 46 migraine patients with or without aura and 45 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. The levels of protein carbonyl (PC), malondialdehyde (MDA) and total oxidants status (TOS) were measured as the indicators of oxidative stress. The levels of total thiols (T-SH), reduced glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were determined as markers of antioxidant status. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated by dividing TOS to TAC. Results: The serum levels of MDA (4.10 +/- 0.70 vs. 3.20 +/- 0.62, P = 0.003), TOS (18.46 +/- 4.06 vs. 16.21 +/- 3.67, P = 0.007) and OSI (1.54 +/- 0.60 vs. 1.22 +/- 0.46, P = 0.006) were significantly higher in migraine group compared to controls, however, no statistically significant differences of PC levels were found between migraine patients and controls (0.615 +/- 0.161 vs. 0.517 +/- 0.126, P = 0.1). In contrast, the levels of T-SH (273 +/- 51.71 vs. 310.88 +/- 53.32, P = 0.001), GSH (28.08 +/- 6.20 vs. 32.13 +/- 5.8, P = 0.002) and TAC (1.27 +/- 0.226 vs. 1.41 +/- 0.26, P = 0.01) were significantly lower in migraine patients compared to healthy controls. Conclusion: Our study showed higher levels of oxidative stress and lower levels of antioxidant status in migraine group compared to controls, which indicates the possible role of oxidative stress in triggering migraine attacks.  

Protective impact of extract from Aronia melanocarpa berries against low-level exposure to cadmium-induced liver damage: a study in a rat model

Planta Medica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S1-S381 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Mezynska ◽  
M Tomczyk ◽  
J Rogalska ◽  
B Pilat-Marcinkiewicz ◽  
M Galazyn-Sidoczuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Damage ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Aronia Melanocarpa
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