scholarly journals Mediterranean Lifestyle in Relation to Cognitive Health: Results from the HELIAD Study

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Costas Anastasiou ◽  
Mary Yannakoulia ◽  
Meropi Kontogianni ◽  
Mary Kosmidis ◽  
Eirini Mamalaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Lifestyle Factor ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Lifestyle Pattern

Many lifestyle factors have been linked to cognitive function but little is known about their combined effect. An overall lifestyle pattern for people living in the Mediterranean basin has been proposed, including diet, but also physical activity, sleep and daily living activities with social/intellectual aspects. We aimed to examine the associations between a combination of these lifestyle factors and detailed cognitive performance. A total of 1716 participants from the Hellenic Longitudinal Investigation of Ageing and Diet (HELIAD), a population-based study of participants ≥65 years, were included in this analysis. Lifestyle factors were evaluated using standard, validated questionnaires and a Total Lifestyle Index (TLI) was constructed. Cognitive outcomes included mild cognitive impairment (MCI) diagnosis, a composite z-score (either continuous or with a threshold at the 25th percentile) and z-scores for five cognitive domains. A higher TLI was associated with 65% reduced odds for MCI in the non-demented individuals and 43% reduced odds for low global cognition when MCI participants were excluded, a risk reduction equivalent to 9 and 2.7 fewer years of ageing, respectively. Each lifestyle factor was differentially associated with domain-specific cognitive performance. Our results suggest that a TLI, more so than single lifestyle parameters, may be related to cognitive performance.

Higher probability of prodromal Parkinson disease is related to lower cognitive performance

Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (19) ◽  
pp. e2261-e2272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Bougea ◽  
Maria I. Maraki ◽  
Mary Yannakoulia ◽  
Maria Stamelou ◽  
Georgia Xiromerisiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Neuropsychological Battery ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Clinical Onset ◽  
Z Scores

ObjectiveGiven the limited information on cognitive function before Parkinson disease (PD) clinical onset in the general population, we sought to assess prodromal PD (pPD) probability and relate it to detailed cognitive performance in a community cohort.MethodsIn a population-based cohort of 1,629 dementia-free and PD-free participants ≥65 years of age in Greece, we assessed probability of pPD according to the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society's criteria. Clinical cognitive diagnoses (cognitively unimpaired, mild cognitive impairment [MCI], dementia) considering neuropsychological testing and functional status were assigned in consensus conferences. Cognitive performance in 5 cognitive domains was assessed by a detailed neuropsychological battery and summarized in the form of z scores. We investigated associations between pPD probability (and its individual constituents) and cognitive outcomes.ResultsThe median probability of pPD was 1.81% (0.2%–96.7%). Participants with MCI had higher probability of pPD compared to those with normal cognition (p < 0.001). Higher probability of pPD was related to lower performance in all cognitive domains (memory, language, executive, attention, and visuospatial function) (p < 0.001). Lower cognitive performance was further associated with certain nonmotor markers of pPD, such as daytime somnolence, depression, urinary dysfunction, constipation, and subthreshold parkinsonism (p < 0.001).ConclusionsHigher probability of pPD was associated with lower cognitive performance in all domains and higher probability of MCI. This may reflect a widespread pathologic process although future studies are warranted to infer causality. These results suggest to clinicians that they should assess cognition early, and to researchers that they should further look into the possible mechanisms that may underlie this observation.

Association Between Ambulatory 24-Hour Blood Pressure Levels and Cognitive Performance: A Cross-Sectional Elderly Population-Based Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Beauchet ◽  
François R. Herrmann ◽  
Cédric Annweiler ◽  
Judith Kerlerouch ◽  
Philippe Gosse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study

scholarly journals Differential effects of body mass index on domain-specific cognitive outcomes after stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minwoo Lee ◽  
Mi Sun Oh ◽  
San Jung ◽  
Ju-Hun Lee ◽  
Chul-Ho Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Word Fluency ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Z Scores

AbstractAlthough the obesity paradox is an important modifiable factor in cardiovascular diseases, little research has been conducted to determine how it affects post-stroke cognitive function. We aimed to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and domain-specific cognitive outcomes, focusing on the subdivision of each frontal domain function in post-ischemic stroke survivors. A total of 335 ischemic stroke patients were included in the study after completion of the Korean-Mini Mental Status Examination (K-MMSE) and the vascular cognitive impairment harmonization standards neuropsychological protocol at 3 months after stroke. Frontal lobe functions were analyzed using semantic/phonemic fluency, processing speed, and mental set shifting. Our study participants were categorized into four groups according to BMI quartiles. The z-scores of K-MMSE at 3 months differed significantly between the groups after adjustment for initial stroke severity (p = 0.014). Global cognitive function in stroke survivors in the Q1 (the lowest quartile) BMI group was significantly lower than those in Q2 and Q4 (the highest quartile) BMI groups (K-MMSE z-scores, Q1: − 2.10 ± 3.40 vs. Q2: 0.71 ± 1.95 and Q4: − 1.21 ± 1.65). Controlled oral word association test findings indicated that phonemic and semantic word fluency was lower in Q4 BMI group participants than in Q2 BMI group participants (p = 0.016 and p = 0.023 respectively). BMI might differentially affect cognitive domains after ischemic stroke. Although being underweight may negatively affect global cognition post-stroke, obesity could induce frontal lobe dysfunctions, specifically phonemic and semantic word fluency.

Self-Reported Vision Impairment and Frailty among Older People with Low Cognitive Performance in Central Africa: EPIDEMCA Population-Based Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Antoine Gbessemehlan ◽  
Gilles Kehoua ◽  
Catherine Helmer ◽  
Cécile Delcourt ◽  
Achille Tchalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
The Impact

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Very little is known about the impact of vision impairment (VI) on physical health in late-life in sub-Saharan Africa populations, whereas many older people experience it. We investigated the association between self-reported VI and frailty in Central African older people with low cognitive performance. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> It was cross-sectional analysis of data from the Epidemiology of Dementia in Central Africa (EPIDEMCA) population-based study. After screening for cognitive impairment, older people with low cognitive performance were selected. Frailty was assessed using the Study of Osteoporotic Fracture index. Participants who met one of the 3 parameters assessed (unintentional weight loss, inability to do 5 chair stands, and low energy level) were considered as pre-frail, and those who met 2 or more parameters were considered as frail. VI was self-reported. Associations were investigated using multinomial logistic regression models. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Out of 2,002 older people enrolled in EPIDEMCA, 775 (38.7%) had low cognitive performance on the screening test. Of them, 514 participants (sex ratio: 0.25) had available data on VI and frailty and were included in the analyses. In total, 360 (70%) self-reported VI. Prevalence of frailty was estimated at 64.9% [95% confidence interval: 60.9%–69.1%] and 23.7% [95% CI: 20.1%–27.4%] for pre-frailty. After full adjustment, self-reported VI was associated with frailty (adjusted odds ratio = 2.2; 95% CI: 1.1–4.3) but not with pre-frailty (adjusted odds ratio = 1.8; 95% CI: 0.9–3.7). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> In Central African older people with low cognitive performance, those who self-reported VI were more likely to experience frailty. Our findings suggest that greater attention should be devoted to VI among this vulnerable population in order to identify early frailty onset and provide adequate care management.

Abstract WP165: Mexican Americans Receive Less Intensive Stroke Rehabilitation Than non Hispanic Whites

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis B Morgenstern ◽  
Emma Sais ◽  
Michael Fuentes ◽  
Nneka Ifejika ◽  
Xiaqing Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Stroke Rehabilitation ◽  
Inpatient Rehabilitation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Rehabilitation Services ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Corpus Christi ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Chi Squared

Background: Mexican Americans (MAs) have worse neurologic, functional and cognitive outcomes after stroke than non Hispanic whites (NHWs). Stroke rehabilitation is important for outcome. In a population-based study, we sought to determine if allocation of stroke rehabilitation services differed by ethnicity. Methods: Consecutive stroke patients were identified for a three month time period as part of the Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi (BASIC) project, Texas, USA. Cases were validated by physicians using source documentation. Patients were followed prospectively for three months following stroke to determine self-reported rehabilitation services. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the study population. Ethnic comparisons of rehabilitation services were made using chi-squared or Fisher’s exact tests. Results: Seventy-two subjects (50 MA, 22 NHW) were followed. Mean age, NHW-69 (sd-13), MA-66 (sd-11) years, sex (NHW 55% male, MA 50% male) and median presenting NIHSS (NHW-2.5, MA-3.0) did not differ significantly. There were no ethnic differences in the proportion of patients who were discharged home without rehabilitation services (p=0.9). Among those who received rehabilitation (n=48), the figure shows the distribution of the first place for services. NHWs were more likely to be discharged to inpatient rehabilitation (73%) compared with MAs (30%), p=0.016. MAs (51%) were much more likely to be receive home rehabilitation services compared with NHWs (0%) (p=0.0017). Conclusions: In this population-based study, MAs were more likely to receive home-based rehabilitation while NHWs more likely to get inpatient rehabilitation. This disparity may, in part, explain the worse stroke outcome in MAs.

scholarly journals Cognitive reserve, brain reserve, and cognitive performance in old age: A population‐based study

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (S10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanjing Li ◽  
Xiang Wang ◽  
Tingting Hou ◽  
Lin Song ◽  
Mingqi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Cognitive Reserve ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Brain Reserve

scholarly journals Lifestyle Factors, Medication Use and Risk for Ischaemic Heart Disease Hospitalisation: A Longitudinal Population-Based Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e77833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony S. Gunnell ◽  
Kristjana Einarsdóttir ◽  
Daniel A. Galvão ◽  
Sarah Joyce ◽  
Stephania Tomlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Population Based Study
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