scholarly journals Effects of Obesity and Gastric Bypass Surgery on Nutrient Sensors, Endocrine Cells, and Mucosal Innervation of the Mouse Colon

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madusha Peiris ◽  
Rubina Aktar ◽  
Sarah Raynel ◽  
Zheng Hao ◽  
Michael Mumphrey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Calorie Restriction ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Nutrient Sensing ◽  
Ec Cells ◽  
Mucosal Innervation

Background: Nutrient-sensing receptors located on enteroendocrine (EEC) cells modulate appetite via detection of luminal contents. Colonic ‘tasting’ of luminal contents may influence changes to appetite observed in obesity and after weight loss induced by bariatric surgery. We assessed the effects of obesity and gastric bypass-induced weight loss on expression of nutrient-sensing G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), EEC and enterochromaffin (EC) cells and mucosal innervation. Methods: qPCR and immunohistochemistry were used to study colonic tissue from (a) chow-fed/lean, (b) high-fat fed/obese, (c) Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB), and (d) calorie restriction-induced weight loss mice. Results: Expression of GPR41, GPR43, GPR40, GPR120, GPR84, GPR119, GPR93 and T1R3 was increased in obese mice. Obesity-induced overexpression of GPR41, 40, 84, and 119 further increased after RYGB whereas GPR120 and T1R3 decreased. RYGB increased TGR5 expression. L-cells, but not EC cells, were increased after RYGB. No differences in mucosal innervation by protein gene product (PGP) 9.5 and GLP-1R-positive nerve fibers were observed. Stimulation of colonic mucosa with GPR41, GPR40, GPR85, GPR119, and TGR5 agonists increased cell activation marker expression. Conclusions: Several nutrient-sensing receptors induced activation of colonic EEC. Profound adaptive changes to the expression of these receptors occur in response to diet and weight loss induced by RYGB or calorie restriction.

scholarly journals Association of Ghrelin Receptor Promoter Polymorphisms with Weight Loss Following Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 783-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle E. Matzko ◽  
George Argyropoulos ◽  
G. Craig Wood ◽  
Xin Chu ◽  
Roger J. M. McCarter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Promoter Polymorphisms ◽  
Ghrelin Receptor

scholarly journals Improved heart rate recovery after marked weight loss induced by gastric bypass surgery: Two-year follow up in the Utah Obesity Study

Heart Rhythm ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen L. Wasmund ◽  
Theophilus Owan ◽  
Frank G. Yanowitz ◽  
Ted D. Adams ◽  
Steven C. Hunt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Marked Weight

Hypogonadism among a Population of Obese Men: Prevalence, Risk Factors, Mechanisms and Reversibility after Weight Loss Induced by Gastric Bypass Surgery

2011 ◽  
pp. P1-468-P1-468
Author(s):  
Vanessa Ippersiel ◽  
Ariane Lepot ◽  
Damien Gruson ◽  
Jacques Jamart ◽  
Dominique Maiter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery

scholarly journals Determinants of Adequate Response of Patient Undergoing Roux-en-y Gastric Bypass Surgery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thales Philipe Rodrigues Silva ◽  
Flávia Moraes Silva ◽  
Larissa Loures Mendes ◽  
Alexandra Dias Moreira D'assunção ◽  
Lauro Pinheiro Ferreira de Araujo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Inadequate Response ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Adequate Response ◽  
Follow Up Care

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) is known to induce, on average,60 to 75% excess body weight loss between 18 and 24 months post-surgery. However, several studies have shown weight regain after two years post-surgery, thus patients must have adequate follow-up in order to guarantee and/or maintain response to RYGB. AIM: To evaluate the determinants of adequate response in patients who underwent RYGB. METHODS: A longitudinal study with 193 adults who underwent RYGB between 2012 and 2014. Adequate response to RYGB was determined by Excess Weight Loss (%EWL). Logistic regression models were constructed to verify the degree of association between adequate response of patient after RYGB and determinants of variable risk based on estimate Odds Ratios (OR). RESULTS: RYGB improves Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and body mass index (BMI). From the multivariate logistic regression model, being female and not having SAH and DM reduce the chance of inadequate RYGB response. Regarding preoperative BMI, an increase in one unit of kg/m2 was associated with increased odds of inadequate response after RYGB. And patients who did not receive follow-up care with a psychologist or psychiatrist in the postoperative period presented higher odds of inadequate response to RYGB. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study contribute to the effective planning of interventions by multi-professional teams involved in RYGB, aimed at offering a better follow-up care focused mainly on post-surgery changes and adequate RYGB response.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document