scholarly journals The Comparative Effect on Satiety and Subsequent Energy Intake of Ingesting Sucrose or Isomaltulose Sweetened Trifle: A Randomized Crossover Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Kendall ◽  
Olivia Marchand ◽  
Jillian Haszard ◽  
Bernard Venn
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Satiety Response ◽  
Diet Records ◽  
Significant Difference

The effect that blood glucose concentration has on feelings of satiety is unclear. Our aims were to assess satiety and subsequent energy intake following the ingestion of trifle sweetened with sucrose or isomaltulose whilst measuring plasma glucose concentration to confirm glycemic differences between trifles. Seventy-seven healthy adults participated in a double-blind crossover trial where trifle sweetened with sucrose or isomaltulose was consumed on separate days with a two-week washout. Blood was sampled at the baseline, 1 and 2 h postprandially, and satiety assessed using visual analogue scales (VAS). Weighed diet records were taken on test days. A statistically significant difference in blood glucose concentration between trifles was found at 60 min following consumption, with the isomaltulose trifle having a 0.69 mmol/L (95% confidence interval: −1.07, −0.31) lower concentration when compared with the sucrose trifle. Mean satiety response by area-under-the-curve (AUC) was not significantly different between trifles. Mean (SD) appetite scores for the sucrose and isomaltulose trifles were 4493 (2393) and 4527 (2590) mm·min, respectively, with a between trifle difference of −9 (95% CI: −589, 572) mm·min. Mean (SD) energy intake for the remainder of the day following trifle consumption was 3894 kJ (1950 kJ) and 3530 kJ (1926 kJ) after the sucrose and isomaltulose trifles, respectively, and was not significantly different (p = 0.133). The differing glycemic response to trifle was not related to satiety or to subsequent energy intake.

scholarly journals Effects of cholecystokinin on appetite and pyloric motility during physiological hyperglycemia

2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (1) ◽  
pp. G98-G104 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Rayner ◽  
H. S. Park ◽  
S. M. Doran ◽  
I. M. Chapman ◽  
M. Horowitz
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentrations ◽  
Pyloric Motility ◽  
Food Consumed

Recent studies suggest that the interaction between small intestinal nutrient stimulation and the blood glucose concentration is important in the regulation of gastric motility and appetite. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the effects of cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) on antropyloric motility and appetite are influenced by changes in the blood glucose concentration within the normal postprandial range. Seven healthy volunteers were studied on 4 separate days. A catheter incorporating a sleeve sensor was positioned across the pylorus, and the blood glucose was stabilized at either 4 mmol/l (2 days) or 8 mmol/l (2 days). After the desired blood glucose had been maintained for 90 min, an intravenous infusion of either CCK-8 (2 ng ⋅ kg− 1 ⋅ min− 1) or saline (control) was given for 60 min. Thirty minutes after the infusion began, the catheter was removed and subjects drank 400 ml of water with guar gum before being offered a buffet meal. The amount of food consumed (kcal) was quantified. The order of the studies was randomized and single-blinded. There were fewer antral waves at a blood glucose of 8 than at 4 mmol/l during the 90-min period before the infusions ( P < 0.05) and during the first 30 min of CCK-8 or saline infusion ( P = 0.07). CCK-8 suppressed antral waves ( P < 0.05), stimulated isolated pyloric pressure waves (IPPWs) ( P < 0.01), and increased basal pyloric pressure ( P < 0.005) compared with control. During administration of CCK-8, basal pyloric pressure ( P < 0.01), but not the number of IPPWs, was greater at a blood glucose of 8 mmol/l than at 4 mmol/l. CCK-8 suppressed the energy intake at the buffet meal ( P < 0.01), with no significant difference between the two blood glucose concentrations. We conclude that the acute effect of exogenous CCK-8 on basal pyloric pressure, but not appetite, is modulated by physiological changes in the blood glucose concentration.

scholarly journals A Single-Dose of a Polyphenol-Rich Fucus Vesiculosus Extract is Insufficient to Blunt the Elevated Postprandial Blood Glucose Responses Exhibited by Healthy Adults in the Evening: A Randomised Crossover Trial

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Murray ◽  
Aimee Dordevic ◽  
Lisa Ryan ◽  
Maxine Bonham
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Fucus Vesiculosus ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Postprandial Hyperglycaemia ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Postprandial Glycaemia

When healthy adults consume carbohydrates at night, postprandial blood glucose responses are elevated and prolonged compared to daytime.Extended postprandial hyperglycaemia is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Polyphenols are bioactive secondary metabolites of plants and algae with potential to moderate postprandial glycaemia. This study investigated whether a polyphenol-rich alga (Fucus vesiculosus) extract moderated postprandial glycaemia in the evening in healthy adults. In a double blind, placebo-controlled, randomised three-way crossover trial, 18 participants consumed a polyphenol-rich extract, a cellulose placebo and rice flour placebo (7:15 p.m.) prior to 50 g available carbohydrate from bread (7:45 p.m.), followed by three hours of blood sampling to assess glucose and insulin. A subset of participants (n = 8) completed the same protocol once in the morning with only the cellulose placebo (7:15 a.m.). No effect of the polyphenol-rich extract was observed on postprandial glycaemia in the evening, compared with placebos, in the group as a whole. However, in females only, peak blood glucose concentration was reduced following the polyphenol-rich extract. In the subset analysis, as expected, participants exhibited elevated postprandial blood glucose in the evening compared with the morning following the cellulose placebo. This was the first study to investigate whether a polyphenol intervention moderated evening postprandial hyperglycaemia. The lowering effect observed in females suggests that this warrants further investigation.

Influence of Carbohydrate Ingestion on Blood Glucose and Performance in Runners

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall L. Wilber ◽  
Robert J. Moffatt
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Carbohydrate Ingestion

Ten trained male runners performed a treadmill exercise test at 80%under two experimental conditions, carbohydrate (CHO, 7% carbohydrate) and placebo (P), to determine the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on endurance performance (treadmill run time), blood glucose concentration, respiratory exchange ratio (RER), and subjective ratings of perceived exertion (RPE). Treatment order was randomized and counterbalanced and test solutions were administered double-blind. Ingestion took place 5 min preexercise (250 ml) and at 15-min intervals during exercise (125 ml). Performance was enhanced by 29.4% (p~ 0.05) during CHO (115 ±25 min) compared to P (92 ± 27 min). Blood glucose concentration was significantly greater during CHO (5.6 ± 0.9 mM) relative to P (5.0 ±0.7 mM). There was a significant increase in mean RER following CHO ingestion (.94±.01) compared to P (.90±.01). Average RPE was significantly less during CHO (14.5±2.3) relative to P (15.4±2.4). These data suggest that time to exhaustion of high-intensity treadmill exercise is delayed as a result of carbohydrate ingestion and that this effect is mediated by favorable alterations in blood glucose concentration and substrate utilization.

Acute effects of protein composition and fibre enrichment of yogurt consumed as snacks on appetite sensations and subsequent ad libitum energy intake in healthy men

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 980-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Y. Doyon ◽  
Angelo Tremblay ◽  
Laurie-Eve Rioux ◽  
Caroline Rhéaume ◽  
Katherine Cianflone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Visual Analog Scales ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
The Impact

The objective of the study was to assess the impact of protein composition and/or fibre enrichment of yogurt on appetite sensations and subsequent energy intake. In this double-blind crossover study, 20 healthy men (aged 32.4 ± 9.1 years) were submitted to 5 randomized testing sessions, during which they had to consume 5 isocaloric and isonproteinemic yogurt snacks (120-g servings, ∼230 kJ, ∼4.5 g protein) differing by their casein-to-whey protein ratio (C:W) or dietary fibre content: (i) control C:W = 2.8:1; (ii) high whey (HW) C:W = 1.5:1, and fibre-enriched formulations using control; (iii) 2.4 g of inulin; (iv) 1.9 g of inulin and 0.5 g of β-glucan (+IN-βG); and (v) 0.5 g of β-glucan. Appetite sensations were assessed using 150-mm visual analog scales. Plasma variables (glucose, insulin, ghrelin) were measured at 30-min intervals post-yogurt consumption for 2 h. Finally, energy intakes during ad libitum lunches offered 2 h after yogurt snacks were recorded. None of the yogurts impacted appetite sensations. Ad libitum energy intake was significantly different only between HW and control yogurts (–812 kJ; p = 0.03). Regarding post-yogurt plasma variables, a significant difference was found only between ghrelin area under the curve of the +IN-βG and the HW yogurts (–15 510 pmol/L per 120 min, p = 0.04). In conclusion, although appetite sensations were not influenced by variations in yogurts’ protein compositions, a reduced energy intake was observed during the ad libitum lunch after the HW yogurt that may be attributable to its lower C:W. Surprisingly, the fibre enrichments studied did not exert effect on appetite sensations and energy intake.

scholarly journals Decreased Consumption of Added Fructose Reduces Waist Circumference and Blood Glucose Concentration in Patients with Overweight and Obesity. The DISFRUTE Study: A Randomised Trial in Primary Care

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1149
Author(s):  
Santiago Domínguez-Coello ◽  
Lourdes Carrillo-Fernández ◽  
Jesús Gobierno-Hernández ◽  
Manuel Méndez-Abad ◽  
Carlos Borges-Álamo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Hepatic Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fructose 2

The relationship between fructose intake and insulin resistance remains controversial. Our purpose was to determine whether a reduction in dietary fructose is effective in decreasing insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR). This field trial was conducted on 438 adults with overweight and obese status, without diabetes. A total of 121 patients in a low fructose diet (LFD) group and 118 in a standard diet (SD) group completed the 24-week study. Both diets were prescribed with 30–40% of energy intake restriction. There were no between-group differences in HOMA2-IR. However, larger decreases were seen in the LFD group in waist circumference (−7.0 vs. −4.8 = −2.2 cms, 95% CI: −3.7, −0.7) and fasting blood glucose −0.25 vs. −0.11 = −0.14 mmol/L, 95% CI: −0.028, −0.02). The percentage of reduction in calorie intake was similar. Only were differences observed in the % energy intake for some nutrients: total fructose (−2 vs. −0.6 = −1.4, 95% CI: −2.6, −0.3), MUFA (−1.7 vs. −0.4 = −1.3, 95% CI: −2.4, −0.2), protein (5.1 vs. 3.6 = 1.4, 95% CI: 0.1, 2.7). The decrease in fructose consumption originated mainly from the reduction in added fructose (−2.8 vs. −1.9 = −0.9, 95% CI: −1.6, −0.03). These results were corroborated after multivariate adjustments. The low fructose diet did not reduce insulin resistance. However, it reduced waist circumference and fasting blood glucose concentration, which suggests a decrease in hepatic insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Effect of a soybean and rice beverage on the lipid and glycemic metabolisms in hamsters

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1211-1217
Author(s):  
Leandra Zafalon Jaekel ◽  
Rosane da Silva Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Efficiency Coefficient ◽  
Functional Effect ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
Significant Difference

There is a growing interest in functional foods that, apart from their nutritional function, bring health benefits, contributing to wellbeing and/or reducing the risk of certain diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the functional effect of a soybean and rice beverage on the ponderal and nutritional parameters and on the lipid and glycemic metabolisms of male hamsters. Four groups of 8 animals were used: Control (commercial feed), C (commercial feed with added cholesterol), B (commercial feed plus beverage) and CB (commercial feed plus cholesterol and beverage). The food efficiency coefficient was equivalent for all the groups. The weight of the liver was on average 28% heavier in groups C and CB than in the other groups, indicating cholesterol deposition in this organ. Although there was no significant difference, the concentrations of total cholesterol and of its fractions (LDL and HDL) and of the triglycerides, were lower in group CB than in group C, showing a possible benefic effect of the beverage. The blood glucose concentration did not differ significantly (p<0.05).

Influence of Ingesting a Carbohydrate-Electrolyte Solution before and during a 1-hr Running Performance Test

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 645-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Rollo ◽  
Clyde Williams
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Electrolyte Solution ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Respiratory Exchange Ratio ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Running Performance ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Trained Runners

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of ingesting a carbohydrate-electrolyte solution (CHO-E) on performance during a 1-hr treadmill run. Eight male endurance-trained runners (age 31 ± 8 yr, M ± SD) completed three 1-hr performance runs separated by 1 wk. The study used a double-blind placebo (PLA) controlled design. On 2 occasions (P1, P2) runners consumed a placebo solution, 8 ml/kg body mass (BM), 30 min before and 2 ml/kg BM at 15-min intervals throughout the 1-hr run. On a separate occasion they consumed the same quantity of a 6.4% CHO-E solution (C). Total distances covered for P1, P2, and C trials were 13,685 ± 1,116 m, 13,715 ± 1,143 m, and 14,046 ± 1,104 m, respectively. Although there was no difference between the 2 PLA trials (p > .05), the distance covered during the C trial was significantly greater than in either PLA trial (p < .05). CHO ingestion resulted in a higher blood glucose concentration only at the onset of exercise (p < .05) compared with the PLA trials. Blood lactate, respiratory-exchange ratio, and CHO oxidation were similar in all 3 trials. In conclusion, ingestion of a 6.4% CHO-E solution before and during exercise was associated with improved running performance in runners compared with the ingestion of a color- and taste-matched placebo.

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