scholarly journals Simultaneous Intake of Euglena Gracilis and Vegetables Synergistically Exerts an Anti-Inflammatory Effect and Attenuates Visceral Fat Accumulation by Affecting Gut Microbiota in Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuto Sakanoi ◽  
Shuang E ◽  
Kazushi Yamamoto ◽  
Toshikuni Ota ◽  
Kentarou Seki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Euglena Gracilis ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Visceral Fat Accumulation ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

We determined whether the benefits provided by the consumption of Euglena gracilis (Euglena), which is a unicellular photosynthesizing green alga and rich in insoluble dietary fiber paramylon, can be enhanced by the co-consumption of vegetables that are rich in soluble dietary fiber. Nine-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups: group 1 received normal diet, whereas groups 2, 3 and 4 received normal diet containing 0.3% paramylon, 1.0% Euglena, or 1.0% Euglena plus 0.3% vegetables (barley leaf, kale and ashitaba), respectively. Mice were fed ad libitum until 18 weeks of age. Euglena intake significantly decreased serum markers of inflammation and co-consumption of vegetables enhanced this reduction. Notably, we observed an increase in the fraction of beneficial bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids, a reduction in harmful bacteria that cause inflammation and an increase in short-chain fatty acid production. Visceral fat accumulation was also reduced. Subsequent analyses showed that co-consumption of Euglena with vegetables reduced adipocyte area, suppressed the expression of genes related to fatty acid synthesis and increased the expression of genes related to adipocyte growth and lipolysis. Therefore, co-consumption of Euglena with vegetables enhanced its anti-inflammatory effect and the inhibitory effect on visceral fat accumulation likely by modulating the composition of gut microbiota.

Dietary adzuki bean paste dose-dependently reduces visceral fat accumulation in rats fed a normal diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 108890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyu-Ho Han ◽  
Shunsuke Ohashi ◽  
Keiko Sasaki ◽  
Ryuji Nagata ◽  
Samanthi Pelpolage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Adzuki Bean ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Visceral Fat Accumulation

scholarly journals Simultaneous Intake of Euglena gracilis and Vegetables Exerts Synergistic Anti-Obesity and Anti-Inflammatory Effects by Modulating the Gut Microbiota in Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Okouchi ◽  
Shuang E ◽  
Kazushi Yamamoto ◽  
Toshikuni Ota ◽  
Kentarou Seki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Euglena Gracilis ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

We determined whether the anti-obesity effect provided by the consumption of Euglena gracilis (Euglena), which is rich in insoluble dietary fiber, could be enhanced by the co-consumption of vegetables with an abundance of soluble dietary fiber. Nine-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into five groups as follows: group 1 received a normal diet, group 2 received a high-fat diet, and groups 3, 4, and 5 received high fat diets containing 0.3% paramylon, 1.0% Euglena, or 1.0% Euglena plus 0.3% vegetables (barley leaf, kale, and ashitaba), respectively. Mice were fed ad libitum until 18 weeks of age. Euglena intake significantly reduced visceral fat accumulation in obese mice, and co-consumption of vegetables enhanced this effect. Consumption of Euglena with vegetables reduced adipocyte area, suppressed the expression of genes related to fatty acid synthesis, upregulated genes related to adipocyte lipolysis, and suppressed serum markers of inflammation. Notably, we also observed an increase in the fraction of short-chain fatty acid-producing beneficial bacteria, a reduction in harmful bacteria that cause inflammation, and an increase in short-chain fatty acid production. Therefore, the co-consumption of vegetables enhanced the anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects of Euglena, likely by modulating the gut microbiota composition.

Relationship between visceral adiposity and intramyocellular lipid content in two rat models of insulin resistance

2005 ◽  
Vol 288 (1) ◽  
pp. E106-E116 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Korach-André ◽  
J. Gao ◽  
J. S. Gounarides ◽  
R. Deacon ◽  
A. Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Visceral Adiposity ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Intramyocellular Lipid ◽  
Dexamethasone Treatment ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Visceral Fat Accumulation

High visceral adiposity and intramyocellular lipid levels (IMCL) are both associated with the development of type 2 diabetes. The relationship between visceral adiposity and IMCL levels was explored in diet- and glucocorticoid-induced models of insulin resistance. In the diet-induced model, lean and fa/fa Zucker rats were fed either normal or high-fat (HF) chow over 4 wk. Fat distribution, IMCL content in the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle (IMCLTA), and whole body insulin resistance were measured before and after the 4-wk period. The HF diet-induced increase in IMCLTA was strongly correlated with visceral fat accumulation and greater glucose intolerance in both groups. The increase in IMCLTA to visceral fat accumulation was threefold greater for fa/fa rats. In the glucocorticoid-induced model, insulin sensitivity was impaired with dexamethasone. In vivo adiposity and IMCLTA content measurements were combined with ex vivo analysis of plasma and muscle tissue. Dexamethasone treatment had minimal effects on visceral fat accumulation while increasing IMCLTA levels ∼30% ( P < 0.05) compared with controls. Dexamethasone increased plasma glucose by twofold and increased the saturated fatty acid content of plasma lipids [fatty acid (CH2) n/ωCH3 ratio +15%, P < 0.05]. The lipid composition of the TA muscle was unchanged by dexamethasone treatment, indicating that the relative increase in IMCLTA observed in vivo resulted from a decrease in lipid oxidation. Visceral adiposity may influence IMCL accumulation in the context of dietary manipulations; however, a “causal” relationship still remains to be determined. Dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance likely operates under a different mechanism, i.e., independently of visceral adiposity.

scholarly journals Long-Term Potable Effects of Alkalescent Mineral Water on Intestinal Microbiota Shift and Physical Conditioning

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takaaki Yahiro ◽  
Takao Hara ◽  
Takashi Matsumoto ◽  
Emi Ikebe ◽  
Nichole Fife-Koshinomi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Mineral Water ◽  
Terminal Point ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Visceral Fat Accumulation

Background. An alkalescent (pH 8.3) mineral water (AMW) of Hita basin, located in the northwestern part of Kyushu island in Japan, has been recognized for the unique quality of ingredients including highly concentrated silicic acid, sodium, potassium, and hydrogen carbonate. The biological effects of AMW intake were evaluated with a particular focus on its “antiobesity” properties through its modulation of the gut microbiota population. Methods. Two groups of C57BL6/J mice (8-week-old male) were maintained with a standard diet and tap water (control: TWC group) or AMW (AMW group) for 6 months and the following outputs were quantitated: (1) food and water intake, (2) body weight (weekly), (3) body fat measurements by CT scan (monthly), (4) sera biochemical values (TG, ALT, AST, and ALP), and (5) UCP-1 mRNA in fat tissues (terminal point). Two groups of ICR mice (7-week-old male) were maintained with the same method and their feces were collected at the 0, 1st, 3rd, and 6th month at which time the population rates of gut microbiota were quantitated using metagenomic sequencing analysis of 16S-rRNA. Results. Among all antiobesity testing items, even though a weekly dietary consumption was increased (p=0.012), both ratios of weight gain (p=1.21E−10) and visceral fat accumulation (p=0.029) were significantly reduced in the AMW group. Other criteria including water intake (p=0.727), the amounts of total (p=0.1602), and subcutaneous fat accumulation (p=0.052) were within the margin of error and UCP-1 gene expression level (p=0.171) in the AMW group was 3.89-fold higher than that of TWC. Among 8 major gut bacteria families, Lactobacillaceae (increased, p=0.029) and Clostridiaceae (decreased, p=0.029) showed significant shift in the whole population. Conclusion. We observed significantly reduced (1) weight gaining ratio (average −1.86%, up to −3.3%), (2) visceral fat accumulation ratio (average −4.30%, up to −9.1%), and (3) changes in gut microbiota population. All these consequences could support the “health benefit” functionality of AMW.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Intake of Japanese Mushrooms on Visceral Fat Accumulation and Gut Microbiota in Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takamitsu Shimizu ◽  
Koichiro Mori ◽  
Kenji Ouchi ◽  
Mamoru Kushida ◽  
Tsuyoshi Tsuduki
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Visceral Fat Accumulation

Dietary Animal and Saturated Fat Predict Future Visceral Fat Accumulation in Japanese Americans

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 198-LB
Author(s):  
TOMOSHIGE HAYASHI ◽  
KYOKO SATO ◽  
DONNA L. LEONETTI ◽  
STEVEN E. KAHN ◽  
SHINICHIRO UEHARA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Japanese Americans ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Visceral Fat Accumulation

Fatty Liver Is a Better Marker of Muscle Insulin Resistance than Visceral Fat Accumulation in Nonobese Japanese Men

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1854-P
Author(s):  
SATOSHI KADOWAKI ◽  
YOSHIFUMI TAMURA ◽  
YUKI SOMEYA ◽  
KAGEUMI TAKENO ◽  
TAKASHI FUNAYAMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Japanese Men ◽  
Muscle Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Visceral Fat Accumulation
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