scholarly journals Effect of A Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet on Food and Alcohol Cravings, Physical and Sexual Activity, Sleep Disturbances, and Quality of Life in Obese Patients

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Castro ◽  
Diego Gomez-Arbelaez ◽  
Ana Crujeiras ◽  
Roser Granero ◽  
Zaida Aguera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Food Control ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Alcohol Cravings

Psychological well-being and hunger and food control are two relevant factors involved in the success of weight-loss therapy in treating obesity. Thus, this study aims to evaluate food and alcohol cravings, physical and sexual activity, sleep, and life quality (QoL) in obese patients following a very low-calorie ketogenic (VLCK) diet, as well as the role of weight lost and ketosis on these parameters. A battery of psychological test was performed in twenty obese patients (12 females, 47.2 ± 10.2 year and BMI of 35.5 ± 4.4) through the course of a 4-month VLCK diet on four subsequent visits: baseline, maximum ketosis, reduced ketosis, and endpoint. Each subject acted as their own control. Relevantly, the dietary-induced changes in body composition (7.7 units of BMI lost, 18 kg of fat mass (1.2 kg of visceral fat mass)) were associated with a statistically significant improvement in food craving scores, physical activity, sleepiness, and female sexual function. Overall, these results also translated in a notable enhancement in QoL of the treated obese patients. Therefore, the rapid and sustained weight and fat mass (FM) loss induced by the VLCK diet is associated with good food control and improvements in the psychological well-being parameters in obese subjects, which could contribute to the long-term success of this therapy.

scholarly journals Body Composition Changes After Very-Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet in Obesity Evaluated by 3 Standardized Methods

2016 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 488-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Gomez-Arbelaez ◽  
Diego Bellido ◽  
Ana I. Castro ◽  
Lucia Ordoñez-Mayan ◽  
Jose Carreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Body Composition Assessment ◽  
Visceral Mass ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Composition Changes

Abstract Context: Common concerns when using low-calorie diets as a treatment for obesity are the reduction in fat-free mass, mostly muscular mass, that occurs together with the fat mass (FM) loss, and determining the best methodologies to evaluate body composition changes. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the very-low-calorie ketogenic (VLCK) diet-induced changes in body composition of obese patients and to compare 3 different methodologies used to evaluate those changes. Design: Twenty obese patients followed a VLCK diet for 4 months. Body composition assessment was performed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), multifrequency bioelectrical impedance (MF-BIA), and air displacement plethysmography (ADP) techniques. Muscular strength was also assessed. Measurements were performed at 4 points matched with the ketotic phases (basal, maximum ketosis, ketosis declining, and out of ketosis). Results: After 4 months the VLCK diet induced a −20.2 ± 4.5 kg weight loss, at expenses of reductions in fat mass (FM) of −16.5 ± 5.1 kg (DXA), −18.2 ± 5.8 kg (MF-BIA), and −17.7 ± 9.9 kg (ADP). A substantial decrease was also observed in the visceral FM. The mild but marked reduction in fat-free mass occurred at maximum ketosis, primarily as a result of changes in total body water, and was recovered thereafter. No changes in muscle strength were observed. A strong correlation was evidenced between the 3 methods of assessing body composition. Conclusion: The VLCK diet-induced weight loss was mainly at the expense of FM and visceral mass; muscle mass and strength were preserved. Of the 3 body composition techniques used, the MF-BIA method seems more convenient in the clinical setting.

scholarly journals Mean Levels and Variability in Psychological Well-Being and Associations With Sleep in Midlife and Older Women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate A Leger ◽  
Tessa R Blevins ◽  
Leslie J Crofford ◽  
Suzanne C Segerstrom
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Daily Diaries ◽  
Older Adulthood ◽  
Disturbed Sleep

Abstract Background Disturbed sleep is prevalent in older adulthood and particularly among women. Greater psychological well-being (PWB) is associated with better sleep, but intraindividual variability in PWB has not been examined. Purpose The current study examined whether mean levels and variability in PWB were associated with sleep disturbances in midlife and older women. Methods Participants (N = 189) completed up to seven daily diaries and an end of the week assessment every 3 months for nine waves. Participants answered questions about their nightly sleep disturbances and reported their PWB using Ryff’s six dimensions of PWB. Results Regression models indicated that greater variability in one aspect of PWB, positive relations with others, was related to greater sleep disturbance even after adjusting for mean levels of well-being. Greater variability in environmental mastery, purpose in life, and self-acceptance were also associated with sleep disturbance, but these associations were no longer significant after adjusting for mean levels of well-being. Conclusions Results suggest that fluctuations in positive relations with others are related to sleep in adult women above and beyond mean levels of well-being. Results highlight the importance of considering variability in addition to mean levels of PWB.

scholarly journals Attitude to time and age in relation to psychological well-being and health self-assessment at the late ontogenesis stage

2021 ◽  
pp. 236-249
Author(s):  
Nadezhda S. Pavlova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Age ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Working People ◽  
Health Related

The aim of the work is to study time perspective and subjective age as determinants of psychological well-being and health-related life quality of people at the late ontogenesis stage, leading a different lifestyle. Based on the results of the ZPTI Questionnaire (F. Zimbardo), «Age-of-me» (B. Barak), SF-36 «Health status survey» and «Psychological well-being Scales» (К. Riff) the features of the time perspective, subjective age, health self-assessment and psychological well-being are analyzed in groups of pensioners (58–93 years old) leading a different lifestyle: elderly non-working people who receive home-based social services and elderly non-working people which lead an active lifestyle. It is shown that the categories «time perspective» and «subjective age» express a person’s attitude to time, but relate to different aspects of individuality. Subjective age is more connected with the assessment of physical health status — the physical component of health-related life quality. Time perspective is more connected with personal characteristics — psychological component of health-related life quality; psychological well-being. Self-assessment of health and psychological well-being are closely correlated with the attitude to the present and the past. While the future is in a zone of high uncertainty. The younger the subjective age, the higher the indicators of psychological well-being and health-related life quality. An active lifestyle is a resource that allows pensioners to assess biological and social subjective age younger, be more future-oriented, and have higher indicators of health-related life quality. Health limitations and home lifestyle observed in a reduced health self-assessment and close correlations of all the variables studied. The 65–74 years period, compared to the 58–64 and 75–93 years periods, is characterized by higher indicators of life quality, psychological well-being and the predominance of a balanced time perspective. The main changes in the late-aged people life begin after the age of 75: a decrease in all indicators of health-related life quality and psychological well-being (except for «Autonomy»), as well as an increased focus on the «Fatalistic Present». Thus, the research shows the correlations between attitude to time and age and psychological well-being and health self-assessment. There is almost no study of subjective age in our country. Therefore our work allows us to expand knowledge about subjective age in the Russian sample.

scholarly journals Subjective life quality, psychological well-being and attitude to the time perspective as well as age among pensioners leading different lifestyles

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 384-401
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Pavlova ◽  
◽  
Elena Sergienko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Time Perspective ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
Subjective Age ◽  
Positive Illusion ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Balanced Time Perspective ◽  
Working People

The article deals with the subjective assessment peculiarities of psychological and physical health components as indicators of life quality in correlation with psychological well-being, time perspective and subjective age in the late ontogenesis stage (58–93 years). The analysis of general patterns was carried out by age groups: 58–64, 65–74 and 75–93 years old, as well as lifestyle: elderly non-working people who receive home-based social services and elderly non-working people which lead an active lifestyle. It is shown that subjective indicators of life quality are at a rather low level and they decrease with age. However, the level of overall psychological well-being and its components correspond to a high and medium interval. The prevailing time orientations are “Positive past” and “Future” (the nearest time perspective); a balanced time perspective was found in a third of respondents. In assessing subjective age, there is a positive illusion which consists of perceiving oneself as being younger than the chronological age. An active lifestyle contributes to maintaining higher assessments of life quality level, orientation towards the future and a positive illusion of assessing subjective age. It is observed that people living with relatives or a caregiver, in comparison with those living alone, have a higher level of life quality and higher scores on the “Positive relationships with others” indicator of “Psychological well-being scale”. The period of 64–75 years is characterized by higher indicators of life quality, psychological well-being and the predominance of a balanced time perspective. Among the studied factors, psychological well-being is most closely correlated with the self-assessment of health (physical and psychological components). The time perspective is more correlated with the psychological component of health, while the subjective age is associated with the physical component. At the same time, there is a group specificity in the number and nature of correlations, depending on age and lifestyle, which indicates the role of subjective and objective factors in psychological well-being.

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