scholarly journals Dietary Determinants of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA) Status in a High Fish-Eating Cohort during Pregnancy

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Conway ◽  
Maria Mulhern ◽  
Emeir McSorley ◽  
Edwin van Wijngaarden ◽  
J. Strain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
White Meat ◽  
Fatty Fish ◽  
Total N ◽  
Total Pufa ◽  
High Fish ◽  
Meat And Eggs ◽  
Maternal Status

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are essential for neurodevelopment and the developing foetus depends on an optimal maternal status. Fish is a rich source of PUFA. The current study investigated dietary patterns, and associations with PUFA status in a high-fish consuming cohort of pregnant women in the Seychelles. At 28 weeks’ gestation, pregnant women provided a blood sample, from which serum total PUFA concentrations were measured, A Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and Fish Use Questionnaire (FUQ) were also completed. Principal component analysis (PCA) of dietary information identified four patterns. Regression analyses found dietary pattern 2, containing foods traditionally eaten in the Seychelles e.g., fish, fruit and vegetables was positively associated with serum docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (β = 0.134; CI = 0.001, 0.022), and serum total n-3 PUFA (β = 0.139; CI = 0.001, 0.023) concentrations. Dietary pattern 1, high in processed foods, snacks, white meat and eggs, was not significantly associated with any of the serum PUFA concentrations. The FUQ indicated that fatty fish was associated with EPA status (β = 0.180; CI = 0.001, 0.005) in high consumers. The second dietary pattern, consisting of higher consumption of fish and fruit, was positively associated with n-3 PUFA status during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Effects of age and time of day of sampling on proximate and fatty acid composition of whole eggs from two strains of laying hens

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Stanišić ◽  
V. Petričević ◽  
Z. Škrbić ◽  
M. Lukić ◽  
Z. Pavlovski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Total N ◽  
Total Pufa

Abstract. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of breed (Naked Neck – NN – and Lohmann Brown – LB), age (46 to 49 weeks) and the time of day of sampling (morning eggs – M – and afternoon eggs – A) on the proximate and fatty acid composition of whole eggs. Eggs of commercial hens (LB) had significantly (P < 0.001) less fat, ash and protein and lower dry-matter content (more water content) compared to the autochthonous breed (NN). The NN eggs contained significantly (P < 0.001) more SFA (saturated fatty acid) and less PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acid) than LB ones, while the share of the eggs' total n-3 fatty acids did not differ significantly between breeds. The share of total MUFA (monounsaturated fatty acid) significantly (P = 0.011) decreased, while the share of total PUFA, n-6 and n-6 / n-3 ratio significantly increased (P < 0.001; P < 0.001; P = 0.032, respectively) with age of hens. Additionally, compared with morning eggs, afternoon eggs had a significantly (P = 0.046) higher share of total n-6 fatty acids. PCA (principal component analysis) offered a good separation of the samples according to breed and age when two first principal component were extracted. PC1 was positively related to parameters of proximate composition and SFA content, while PC2 was positively determined by PUFA, n-6 and n-3 content. Eggs of autochthonous hens (NN) were located in the positive area of PC1, whereas those from the commercial hens (LB) were in the negative quarter, which indicates opposite characteristics.

scholarly journals Relationships between Maternal Dietary Patterns and Blood Lipid Levels during Pregnancy: A Prospective Cohort Study in Shanghai, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3701
Author(s):  
Na Wang ◽  
Zequn Deng ◽  
Liming Wen ◽  
Yan Ding ◽  
Gengsheng He
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile ◽  
P Values

The relationships between maternal dietary patterns and blood lipid profile during pregnancy have not been well understood. We aimed to analyze the dietary patterns of pregnant women and their associations with blood lipid concentrations during pregnancy. A cohort of 1008 Chinese pregnant women were followed from 10–15 weeks of gestation to delivery. Their dietary patterns were identified using a principal component analysis. The relationships between dietary pattern score and maternal blood lipid concentrations were assessed using both multivariate linear regression models and generalized estimating equation (GEE) models. Five different dietary patterns were identified. GEE showed that a high score for the fish-shrimps pattern was associated with higher concentrations of total cholesterol (TC) (β = 0.11), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (β = 0.07), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (β = 0.03), with all p values < 0.001. In contrast, a high tubers-fruit-vegetables pattern score was associated with lower concentrations of TC (β = −0.12), LDL-C (β = −0.07), and HDL-C (β = −0.03), with all p values < 0.001. In addition, dietary protein, carbohydrate, and cholesterol intake significantly contributed to the associations between the fish-shrimps dietary pattern and blood lipid concentrations. Predominant seafood consumption is associated with higher cholesterol concentrations, whereas predominant tuber, fruit, and vegetable consumptions are associated with lower cholesterol concentrations during pregnancy.

Cardiorespiratory fitness is positively associated with both healthy and western dietary pattern in Iranian middle-aged

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Hossein Shahinfar ◽  
Farhang Djafari ◽  
Nadia Babaei ◽  
Samira Davarzani ◽  
Mojdeh Ebaditabar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Western Dietary Pattern ◽  
Healthy Dietary Pattern

Abstract. Background: The association between dietary patterns and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is not well established. Objective: We sought to investigate association between a posteriori dietary pattern and CRF in middle-aged adults. Design: Adults (n = 276), aged 20–74 years, who were residents of Tehran, Iran were recruited. Diet was assessed by using a validated 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Principal component analysis was used to derive dietary patterns. Socio-economic status, anthropometric measures, body composition, and blood pressure were recorded. CRF was assessed by using a graded exercise treadmill test. Analysis of variance and linear regression models were used to discern the association between dietary patterns and CRF. Results: Higher scores of the healthy dietary pattern had no association with VO2max (p = 0.13 ). After controlling for potential confounders, VO2max was positively associated across tertiles of healthy dietary patterns (p < 0.001). Higher adherence to the “mixed” dietary pattern was inversely related to VO2max (p < 0.01). After adjusting for confounders, the significant association disappeared (p = 0.14). Higher scores of the “Western” dietary pattern was not associated with VO2max (p = 0.06). However, after controlling for potential confounders, VO2max was positively associated with the “Western” dietary pattern (p = 0.01). A positive linear association between the “healthy” dietary pattern and CRF for the total sample (R2 = 0.02; p < 0.01) were presented. Conclusions: Overall, our findings suggest that higher adherence to a “healthy” and “Western” dietary pattern was positively associated with CRF. However, further studies are required to examine and clarify the causal relationship between dietary patterns and CRF.

scholarly journals A Priori and a Posteriori Dietary Patterns among Pregnant Women in Johannesburg, South Africa: The NuPED Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 565
Author(s):  
Cornelia Conradie ◽  
Jeannine Baumgartner ◽  
Linda Malan ◽  
Elizabeth A. Symington ◽  
Marike Cockeran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
Urban South ◽  
Quality Diet ◽  
Nutrient Patterns

Dietary pattern analyses allow assessment of the diet as a whole. Limited studies include both a priori and a posteriori dietary pattern analyses. This study aimed to explore the diet of pregnant women in urban South Africa through both a priori and a posteriori dietary pattern analyses and associated maternal and household factors. Dietary data were collected during early pregnancy using a quantified food frequency questionnaire from 250 pregnant women enrolled in the Nutrition During Pregnancy and Early Development (NuPED) cohort. A priori dietary patterns were determined using the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I), and a posteriori nutrient patterns using exploratory factor analysis. Based on the DQI-I, the study population followed a borderline low-quality diet. Three a posteriori nutrient patterns were identified: Pattern 1 “plant protein, iron, thiamine, and folic acid”; pattern 2 “animal protein, copper, vitamin A, and vitamin B12”; pattern 3 “fatty acids and sodium”. Pattern 1 was associated with higher dietary quality (p < 0.001), lower maternal educational level (p = 0.03) and socioeconomic status (p < 0.001). Pattern 3 was significantly associated with lower dietary quality. The low dietary quality among pregnant women residing in urban South Africa should be addressed to ensure optimal maternal and offspring health outcomes.

scholarly journals Dietary Data in the Malmö Offspring Study–Reproducibility, Method Comparison and Validation against Objective Biomarkers

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1579
Author(s):  
Sophie Hellstrand ◽  
Filip Ottosson ◽  
Einar Smith ◽  
Louise Brunkwall ◽  
Stina Ramne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Method Comparison ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fish Intake ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Fatty Fish ◽  
Lean Fish ◽  
Β Carotene

Irregular dietary intakes impairs estimations from food records. Biomarkers and method combinations can be used to improve estimates. Our aim was to examine reproducibility from two assessment methods, compare them, and validate intakes against objective biomarkers. We used the Malmö Offspring Study (55% women, 18–71 y) with data from a 4-day food record (4DFR) and a short food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ) to compare (1) repeated intakes (n = 180), (2) intakes from 4DFR and SFFQ (n = 1601), and (3) intakes of fatty fish, fruits and vegetables, and citrus with plasma biomarkers (n = 1433) (3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoic acid [CMPF], β-carotene and proline betaine). We also combined 4DFR and SFFQ estimates using principal component analysis (PCA). Moderate correlations were seen between repeated intakes (4DFR median ρ = 0.41, SFFQ median ρ = 0.59) although lower for specific 4DFR-items, especially fatty/lean fish (ρ ≤ 0.08). Between-method correlations (median ρ = 0.33) were higher for intakes of overall food groups compared to specific foods. PCA scores for citrus (proline betaine ρ = 0.53) and fruits and vegetables (β-carotene: ρ = 0.39) showed the highest biomarker correlations, whereas fatty fish intake from the SFFQ per se showed the highest correlation with CMPF (ρ = 0.46). To conclude, the reproducibility of SFFQ data was superior to 4DFR data regarding irregularly consumed foods. Method combination could slightly improve fruit and vegetable estimates, whereas SFFQ data gave most valid fatty fish intake.

scholarly journals The food patterns of a multicenter cohort of Brazilian nulliparous pregnant women

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria J. Miele ◽  
Renato T. Souza ◽  
Iracema M. Calderon ◽  
Francisco E. Feitosa ◽  
Débora F. Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Good Representation ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Nutrient Consumption ◽  
Main Components

AbstractAssessment of human nutrition is a complex process, in pregnant women identify dietary patterns through mean nutrient consumption can be an opportunity to better educate women on how to improve their overall health through better eating. This exploratory study aimed to identify a posteriori dietary patterns in a cohort of nulliparous pregnant women. The principal component analysis (PCA) technique was performed, with Varimax orthogonal rotation of data extracted from the 24-h dietary recall, applied at 20 weeks of gestation. We analysed 1.145 dietary recalls, identifying five main components that explained 81% of the dietary pattern of the sample. Dietary patterns found were: Obesogenic, represented by ultra-processed foods, processed foods, and food groups rich in carbohydrates, fats and sugars; Traditional, most influenced by natural, minimally processed foods, groups of animal proteins and beans; Intermediate was similar to the obesogenic, although there were lower loads; Vegetarian, which was the only good representation of fruits, vegetables and dairy products; and Protein, which best represented the groups of proteins (animal and vegetable). The obesogenic and intermediate patterns represented over 37% of the variation in food consumption highlighting the opportunity to improve maternal health especially for women at first mothering.

Strategies for improving recruitment of pregnant women to clinical research: An evaluation of social media versus traditional offline methods in Vancouver, Canada (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey M Cochrane ◽  
Jennifer A Hutcheon ◽  
Crystal D Karakochuk
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Recruitment Strategy ◽  
Media Campaigns ◽  
Total N ◽  
Cost Rate ◽  
Time Of Year

BACKGROUND Social media is an effective alternative to offline methods for participant recruitment to research. However, the effectiveness of social media compared with offline strategies among pregnant women is unclear. Further, it is unclear whether recruitment strategy alters demographic characteristics of participants. OBJECTIVE We aimed to estimate recruitment rates from social media and offline methods and to explore the whether participant demographics differed according to recruitment strategy in a clinical nutrition trial that recruited 60 healthy pregnant women in Vancouver, Canada. METHODS Facebook was used to run 9 social media campaigns, 10-18 days each (15-weeks total) and costing $50-$100 CAD ($675 CAD total). Offline methods were used concurrently over 64-weeks. A total of $300 CAD was spent on printing. Demographic characteristics of those recruited via each method was compared using bivariate statistics. Cost, rate of recruitment and conversion rate in each group was calculated. Performance metrics of social media campaigns, including reach, impressions, clicks, inquiries, and enrollments, were recorded. Linear regression was used to explore the association between metrics and dollars spent per campaign. RESULTS In total, n=481 inquiries were received (n=51 [11%] via offline methods; n=430 [89%] via social media). Enrollees (n=60) included n=24 (40%) and n=36 (60%) via offline and social media methods, respectively. Gestational weeks was provided by n=251 women (52%) upon inquiry (mean ± SD gestational weeks was 13.3 ± 4.7 and 13.2 ± 5.6 in the offline and social media groups, respectively, P=.96). There were no statistically significant differences in age (33 ± 3.2 and 33 ± 3.6, P=.67), ethnicity (58% and 56% Caucasian, P=.97), education (88% and 78% had University-level education, P=.64), household income (58% and 47% >$100,000 CAD/year, P=.26), pre-pregnancy BMI (22.2 ± 2.6 and 23.4 ± 2.8, P=.11), or parity (75% and 72% nulliparous, P=.81); results are presented for offline and social media, respectively. Direct cost/enrollee was $13 and $19 in those who were recruited via offline and social media methods, respectively (however, this does not include cost of labour). Rate of recruitment was ~6x faster via social media than offline methods, however, the conversion rate was higher via offline methods than social media (47% versus 8%). Overall, campaign metrics (reach, impressions, clicks, and inquiries) improved over time. Amount spent per campaign (controlling for campaign duration) was significantly associated with improved clicks (P=.01), and inquiries (P=.04), but not enrollments (P=.19). CONCLUSIONS Social media was more efficient and effective for recruitment of pregnant women than offline methods. We gained numerous insights for optimization of social media campaigns (dollars spent, attribution setting, photo testing, automatic optimization) to increase clicks and inquiries, however this does not necessarily increase enrollments, which was more dependent on study specific factors (e.g. time of year, study design, and intervention). CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT04022135). Registered on July-14-2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04022135

scholarly journals Exploring absolute and relative measures of exposure to food environments in relation to dietary patterns among European adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (06) ◽  
pp. 1037-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
MGM Pinho ◽  
JD Mackenbach ◽  
J-M Oppert ◽  
H Charreire ◽  
H Bárdos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Spatial Access ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Retailers ◽  
Healthy Dietary Pattern

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the associations of absolute and relative measures of exposure to food retailers with dietary patterns, using simpler and more complex measures.DesignCross-sectional survey.SettingUrban regions in Belgium, France, Hungary, the Netherlands and the UK.ParticipantsEuropean adults (n 4942). Supermarkets and local food shops were classified as ‘food retailers providing healthier options’; fast-food/takeaway restaurants, cafés/bars and convenience/liquor stores as ‘food retailers providing less healthy options’. Simpler exposure measures used were density of healthy and density of less healthy food retailers. More complex exposure measures used were: spatial access (combination of density and proximity) to healthy and less healthy food retailers; density of healthier food retailers relative to all food retailers; and a ratio of spatial access scores to healthier and less healthy food retailers. Outcome measures were a healthy or less healthy dietary pattern derived from a principal component analysis (based on consumption of fruits, vegetables, fish, fast foods, sweets and sweetened beverages).ResultsOnly the highest density of less healthy food retailers was significantly associated with the less healthy dietary pattern (β = −129·6; 95 % CI −224·3, −34·8). None of the other absolute density measures nor any of the relative measures of exposures were associated with dietary patterns.ConclusionsMore complex measures of exposure to food retailers did not produce stronger associations with dietary patterns. We had some indication that absolute and relative measures of exposure assess different aspects of the food environment. However, given the lack of significant findings, this needs to be further explored.

scholarly journals Association of Dietary Patterns with Metabolic Syndrome: Results from the Kardiovize Brno 2030 Study

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Agodi ◽  
Andrea Maugeri ◽  
Sarka Kunzova ◽  
Ondrej Sochor ◽  
Hana Bauerova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Western Dietary Pattern ◽  
High Adherence

Although metabolic syndrome (MetS) could be handled by lifestyle interventions, its relationship with dietary patterns remains unclear in populations from Central Europe. Using data from the Kardiovize Brno cohort, the present study aims to identify the main dietary patterns and to evaluate their association with MetS risk in a random urban sample from Brno, Czech Republic. In a cross-sectional study of 1934 subjects aged 25–65 years (44.3% male), dietary patterns were derived by food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) administration and principal component analysis. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation statement. Logistic regression models were applied. High adherence to the prudent dietary pattern was associated with lower odds of abdominal obesity, abnormal glucose concentration, and MetS. By contrast, high adherence to the western dietary pattern was associated with higher odds of abnormal glucose, triglycerides and blood pressure levels. Whilst our results confirm the deleterious effect of a western dietary pattern on several metabolic risk factors, they also indicate that the consumption of a diet rich in cereals, fish, fruit and vegetables is associated with a healthier metabolic profile. However, further prospective research is warranted to develop and validate novel potential preventive strategies against MetS and its complications.

scholarly journals Worldwide dietary patterns and their association with socioeconomic data: an ecological exploratory study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Gonçalves da Costa ◽  
Bruno Francisco Teixeira Simões ◽  
Alessandra da Silva Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Socioeconomic Data

Objective: To identify dietary patterns in food availability data at the global level using multivariate statistical methodology, to associate the identified dietary patterns with socioeconomic data and to analyze the adequacy of the applied statistical methods in data of food availability. Methods: Principal Component Analysis was applied to food availability data of 172 UN registered countries available at FAOSTAT database in Food Balance Sheets section. The Principal Components were correlated with socioeconomic data available from the World Bank database. Results: Five principal components were identified, each characterizing a dietary pattern. The first one, a westernized dietary pattern, was composed of energy-dense and processed foods, foods of animal origin, alcoholic beverages, but also, albeit less, by vegetables, fruits and nuts, being correlated with income, urbanization and trade liberalization. This westernized pattern was characterized more by western, animal origin and processed foods, yet preserving unprocessed and regional foods. The other dietary patterns were three agricultural patterns characterized more by regional foods, especially starchy staples, and one coastal dietary pattern composed of fish and seafoods, being associated with GINI index, poverty, and female labor force. Conclusions: Principal Component Analysis was adequate to identify dietary patterns in food availability data. A westernized dietary pattern was identified, being associated with income, urbanization and trade liberalization. This association did not occur for the remain of the dietary patterns identified, these being less driven by economic development.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document