scholarly journals On the Development of an Effective Method to Produce Conductive PCL Film

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1385
Author(s):  
Giacomo Damonte ◽  
Alberto Vallin ◽  
Alberto Fina ◽  
Orietta Monticelli
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Terminal Group ◽  
Specific Interactions ◽  
Polymeric Additive ◽  
Interesting Phenomenon ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Nucleating Effect

The aim of this work was to develop an effective approach to improve the graphite dispersion and, consequently, the electrical conductivity of nanocomposites based on polycaprolactone (PCL) and graphite nanoplates (GNP). With this aim, a polymeric additive was designed to be compatible with the polymer matrix and capable of interacting with the graphite layers. Indeed, the compound consists of a low molecular mass PCL ending with a pyrene group (Pyr-PCL). The exploitation of such a molecule is expected to promote from one side specific interactions of the pyrene terminal group with the surface of graphite layers and from the other to guarantee the compatibility with PCL, having a chain with the same nature as the matrix. The features of the nanocomposites prepared by directly blending PCL with GNP were compared with those of the same systems also containing the additive. Moreover, a neat mixture, based on PCL and PCL-Pyr, was prepared and characterized. The specific interactions between the ad hoc synthesized compound and graphite were verified by UV measurements, while SEM characterization demonstrated a finer dispersion of GNP in the samples containing Pyr-PCL. GNP nucleating effect, proved by the increase in the crystallization temperature, was observed in all the samples containing the nanofiller. Moreover, a significant improvement of the electrical conductivity was found in the systems based on the pyrenyl terminated PCL. This peculiar and interesting phenomenon was related to the optimized nanofiller dispersion and to the ameliorated compatibility with the polymer matrix.

Studies on Polyacrylate-Starch/Polyaniline Conducting Hydrogel

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reetu Prabhakar ◽  
Devendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Network ◽  
Basic Medium ◽  
Aniline Monomer ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Network Process ◽  
Starch Gel

Background: The superabsorbent polymers based conducting hydrogel such as polyaniline impregnated polyacrylate-starch hydrogel were synthesized via two -steps interpenetrating polymer network process. In the present work instead of using a synthetic polymer of acrylamide, a biodegradable polymer such as starch has been used with polyacrylate superabsorbent polymer. The main attempt of this work is to analyze the electrical conductivity of resulting hydrogel at varying concentrations of crosslinker, initiator, monomer, and a copolymer for improving the properties of synthesized hydrogel and elaborating the diversity of its utilization. Methods: The polymerization of aniline was performed through the absorption of aniline monomer into the polymer matrix followed by the addition of initiator/dopant solution. The morphological and structural analysis and thermal stability of the synthesized hydrogel were studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. The swelling behaviour of the synthesized hydrogel was performed in a different medium. Results: Electrical conductivity data of polyacrylate-starch/polyaniline (PAANa-starch/PANI) were compared from polyacrylate-co-polyacrylamide/polyaniline P(AANa-co-AM)/PANI hydrogel, which revealed that polyacrylate-starch/polyaniline shows higher conductivity than polyacrylate-co-polyacrylamide/ polyaniline conducting hydrogel. Maximum swelling of the synthesized hydrogel was reported in the basic medium. Conclusion: It is observed that the addition of starch into the matrix significantly improved the overall properties of hydrogel. The polymerization of aniline was done in-situ with the absorption of aniline monomer into the PAANa-starch polymer matrix followed by soaking in an initiator/dopant solution. The XRD pattern of PAANa-starch/PANI showed a broad peak at 22.8o while no peak was observed in the PAANa-starch gel, implying that PAANa-starch/PANI has a crystalline and more ordered structure. PAANa-starch/PANI has higher conductivity than the P(AANa-co-AM)/PANI hydrogel. This enhanced electrical conductivity in case of PAANa-starch/PANI hydrogel could be due to the more crosslink points of synthetic polymer polyacrylamide between PAANa-PANI hydrogel.

Influence of Microwave on the Structure and Properties of Nanomodified Fluoroplastic

2021 ◽  
Vol 887 ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
D.O. Zavrazhin ◽  
A.A. Chuprikova ◽  
Ju.S. Povetkina
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Polar Polymer

Polymers modified with carbon nanomaterials exhibit enhanced electrical conductivity. The modifier, which is qualitatively distributed in the polymer matrix, actively absorbs microwave waves even with an extremely small introduced volume (up to 1.5 mass parts). Photographs obtained by scanning electron microscopy indicate a uniform distribution of carbon nanotubes in the matrix of fluoroplastic 4. The microwave treatment of the obtained composites showed a significant increase in the temperature of the samples with a heating time of up to 100 sec. even with minimal amounts of modifier added. Strength characteristics for a uniaxial plant of modified materials after microwave increase by 40-50%. The obtained modified materials based on a non-polar polymer matrix have enhanced characteristics of absorption of microwave radiation.

scholarly journals A mechanism for fire retardancy realized by a combination of biofillers and ammonium polyphosphate in various polymer systems

Cellulose ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koki Matsumoto ◽  
Tatsuya Tanaka ◽  
Masahiro Sasada ◽  
Noriyuki Sano ◽  
Kenta Masuyama
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Polymer System ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Fire Retardancy ◽  
Polymer Systems ◽  
Thermal Decomposition Behavior ◽  
Burning Behavior ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Decomposition Behavior

AbstractThis study focused on realizing fire retardancy for polymer composites by using a cellulosic biofiller and ammonium polyphosphate (APP). The motivation of this study was based on revealing the mechanism of the synergetic effect of a cellulosic biofiller and APP and determining the parameters required for achieving a V-0 rating in UL94 standard regardless of the kind of polymer system used. As for the polymer matrix, polypropylene and polylactic acid were used. The flammability, burning behavior and thermal decomposition behavior of the composites were investigated through a burning test according to the UL-94 standard, cone calorimetric test and thermogravimetric analysis. As a result, the incorporation of a high amount of cellulose enabled a V-0 rating to be achieved with only a small amount of APP despite the variation of the optimum cellulose loading between the matrix polymers. Through analysis, the results indicated that APP decreased the dehydration temperature of cellulose. Furthermore, APP promoted the generation of enough water as a nonflammable gas and formed enough char until the degradation of the polymer matrix was complete. The conditions required to achieve the V-0 rating were suggested against composites incorporating APP and biofillers. Furthermore, the suggested conditions were validated by using polyoxymethylene as a highly flammable polymer.

Investigation of Thermoelectric Materials: Substitution effect of Bi on the Ag1-xPb18MTe20 (M = Sb, Bi) (x = 0, 0.14, 0.3)

2007 ◽  
Vol 1044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi-kyung Han ◽  
Huijun Kong ◽  
Ctirad Uher ◽  
Mercouri G Kanatzidis
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Seebeck Coefficient ◽  
Thermoelectric Materials ◽  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Lattice Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Substitution Effect ◽  
Dimensionless Figure Of Merit ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Mass Fluctuation

AbstractWe performed comparative investigations of the Ag1-xPb18MTe20 (M = Bi, Sb) (x = 0, 0.14, 0.3) system to better understand the roles of Sb and Bi on the thermoelectric properties. In both systems, the electrical conductivity nearly keeps the same values, while the Seebeck coefficient decreases dramatically in going from Sb to Bi. Compared to the lattice thermal conductivity of PbTe, that of AgPb18BiTe20 is substantially reduced. The lattice thermal conductivity of the Bi analog, however, is higher than that of AgPb18SbTe20 and this is attributed largely to the decrease in the degree of mass fluctuation between the nanostructures and the matrix (for the Bi analog). As a result the dimensionless figure of merit ZT of Ag1-xPb18MTe20 (M = Bi) is found to be smaller than that of Ag1-xPb18MTe20 (M = Sb).

scholarly journals Comparison of the Dielectric Properties of Ecoflex® with L,D-Poly(Lactic Acid) or Polycaprolactone in the Presence of SWCN or 5CB

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1719
Author(s):  
Patryk Fryń ◽  
Sebastian Lalik ◽  
Natalia Górska ◽  
Agnieszka Iwan ◽  
Monika Marzec
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Relaxation Processes ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Hybrid Layers

The main goal of this paper was to study the dielectric properties of hybrid binary and ternary composites based on biodegradable polymer Ecoflex®, single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCN), and liquid crystalline 4′-pentyl-4-biphenylcarbonitrile (5CB) compound. The obtained results were compared with other created analogically to Ecoflex®, hybrid layers based on biodegradable polymers such as L,D-polylactide (L,D-PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL). Frequency domain dielectric spectroscopy (FDDS) results were analyzed taking into consideration the amount of SWCN, frequency, and temperature. For pure Ecoflex®, two relaxation processes (α and β) were identified. It was shown that the SWCN admixture (in the weight ratio 10:0.01) did not change the properties of the Ecoflex® layer, while in the case of PCL and L,D-PLA, the layers became conductive. The dielectric constant increased with an increase in the content of SWCN in the Ecoflex® matrix and the conductive behavior was not visible, even for the greatest concentration (10:0.06 weight ratio). In the case of the Ecoflex® polymer matrix, the conduction relaxation process at a frequency ca. several kilohertz appeared and became stronger with an increase in the SWCN admixture in the matrix. Addition of oleic acid to the polymer matrix had a smaller effect on the increase in the dielectric response than the addition of liquid crystal 5CB. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) results revealed that the molecular structure and chemical character of the Ecoflex® and PCL matrixes remained unchanged upon the addition of SWCN or 5CB in a weight ratio of 10:0.01 and 10:1, respectively, while molecular interactions appeared between L,D-PLA and 5CB. Moreover, adding oleic acid to pure Ecoflex® as well as the binary and ternary hybrid layers with SWCN and/or 5CB in a weight ratio of Ecoflex®:oleic acid equal to 10:0.3 did not have an influence on the chemical bonding of these materials.

Effects of the Mould Pressure and Mould Pressing Time on the Properties of Graphite/Phenolic Resin Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 706-708 ◽  
pp. 95-98
Author(s):  
Mi Dan Li ◽  
Dong Mei Liu ◽  
Lu Lu Feng ◽  
Huan Niu ◽  
Yao Lu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Polymer Matrix Composites ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Natural Graphite ◽  
Pressing Time

Polymer matrix composites made from phenolic resin are filled with natural graphite powders. They are fabricated by compression molding technique. The density, electrical conductivity and flexural strength of composite are analyzed to determine the influences of mould pressure and mould pressing time on the physical, electrical and mechanical properties of composite. It is found that the density, electrical conductivity and flexural strength of composites increased with increasing mould pressure. Under pressure of 40 MPa for 60 min, the density, electrical conductivity and flexural strength of composites were 1.85 g/cm3, 4.35  103 S/cm and 70 MPa, respectively. The decreased gaps could be the main reason for the increasing of density, electrical conductivity and flexural strength as mould pressure increases. The results also show that the density of composites increased with increasing mould pressing time.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ENSURING THE FINANCIAL STABILITY OF THE RESTAURANT BUSINESS IN THE CRISIS COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Batchenko ◽  
◽  
Liliia Honchar ◽  
Andrii Beliak ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Financial Indicators ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Key Indicators ◽  
Enterprise Policy

The study identifies and systematizes key indicators and criteria for ensuring the financial stability of the restaurant business. The complex and thorough analysis of features of maintenance of financial stability of the enterprises of restaurant business on an example of one of restaurants of a chain of the Japanese kitchen of LLC «Sushiya» is carried out. After analyzing the key indicators of financial and economic activity of the restaurant, using the method of complex calculation of the rating of the financial condition of enterprises in the hospitality industry, the level of financial stability of the studied enterprise is determined. Based on the results of practice-oriented analysis, the ranking of financial management goals by the degree of impact on the financial stability of the enterprise. The mechanism of ensuring financial stability of restaurant business enterprises is modeled. The developed and substantiated mechanism is based on a unique methodology, which, unlike existing ones, is adapted to the field of hospitality, is carried out by specific tactical and strategic tools of financial management, based on the chosen type of enterprise policy; takes into account the dynamics of the main financial indicators of the enterprise, which is planned to implement the mechanism and the possible impact of factors of the external changing business environment. With the help of the matrix of financial strategies of J. Franchon and I. Romane, the position of the restaurant «Sushiya-Lavina» is determined and the methodological tools for improving the efficiency of its financial stability are substantiated.

scholarly journals The influence of the matrix electrical conductivity on the dc poling behaviors and the loss of 0-3 ferroelectric composites

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 3840
Author(s):  
Yang Feng-Xia ◽  
Zhang Duan-Ming ◽  
Deng Zong-Wei ◽  
Jiang Sheng-Lin ◽  
Xu Jie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
The Matrix

Nanocomposites in Drug Delivery and Imaging Applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 1539-1554
Author(s):  
Dimple Sethi Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Cell Imaging ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
Chemical Functionalization ◽  
Disease Biomarkers ◽  
The Matrix

Nanocomposites are a class of materials in which one or more phases with nanoscale dimensions are embedded in a metal, ceramic, or polymer matrix. The properties of nanocomposites depend on matrix, loading, degree of dispersion, size, shape, and orientation of the nanoscale phase and interaction between the matrix and the nanoscale phase. Nanocomposites are generally prepared using direct melt intercalation. The formation of nanocomposite is ascertained by XRD pattern, FTIR spectra, electron microscopy, and thermal analysis like DSC and TGA. Nanocomposites have properties of nanoparticles, multifunctional capabilities, chemical functionalization, huge interphase zone. Novel nanomaterials offer a new chemotherapeutic route for cancer treatment by combining cell imaging and hyperthermia in a synergistic way. In spite of toxicity and safety concerns, multifunctional nanocomposite still interest the researchers because of emergence of versatile properties, better understanding of disease biomarkers, and quest for ways to improve biocompatibility.

Effect of Solution Treatment on Second Phase Dissolution for an Al-9.2Zn-2.0Mg-1.9Cu Alloy

2020 ◽  
Vol 993 ◽  
pp. 321-326
Author(s):  
Hong Wei Liu ◽  
Kai Wen ◽  
Xi Wu Li ◽  
Zhi Hui Li ◽  
Li Zhen Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Dsc Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Phase Dissolution ◽  
Solution Treated ◽  
The Matrix

The second phase dissolution of Al-9.2Zn-2.0Mg-1.9Cu alloy conducted by various temperatures of 2h was researched with the help of optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), electrical conductivity and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. The results gave rise to the second phase existence of Mg(Zn,Cu,Al)2 and Fe-containing phases in the as-extruded alloy. When the alloy solution treated with a temperature varied from 450°C to 470°C, a small quantity of Mg(Zn,Cu,Al)2 phase still existed in the alloy while its content exhibited a decrement trend with the solution temperature rose. For the alloy solution treated at a temperature of 475°C, Mg(Zn,Cu,Al)2 phase dissolved into the matrix completely while Fe-containing phase still remained. The electrical conductivity of quenched alloy decrease with the solution temperature increase and reached a minimum value at 470°C, and then rose slightly for the solution temperature of 475°C.

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