scholarly journals Genetic Transformation of Recalcitrant Cassava by Embryo Selection and Increased Hormone Levels

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezequiel Lentz ◽  
Sabrina Eisner ◽  
Emily McCallum ◽  
Kim Schlegel ◽  
Francisco Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Friable Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Major Bottleneck

Genetic engineering is considered to be an important tool for the improvement of cassava. Cassava is a highly heterozygous crop species for which conventional breeding is a lengthy and tedious process. Robust transformation is based on Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of friable embryogenic callus (FEC). Production of FEC is genotype-dependent and considered to be a major bottleneck for the genetic transformation of cassava. As a consequence, routine genetic transformation has only been established for a handful of cassava cultivars. Therefore, development of procedures enabling efficient production of high-quality cassava FEC is required to allow the translation of research from the model cultivar to farmer-preferred cassava cultivars. Here we study the FEC production capacity of Brazilian cassava cultivars and report the modification of the protocol for the genetic transformation of Verdinha (BRS 222), a recalcitrant cultivar with high potential for protein production that is extensively used by farmers in Brazil.

scholarly journals Embryogenic callus induction from immature zygotic embryos and genetic transformation of Larix kaempferi 3x Larix gmelinii 9

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258654
Author(s):  
Sufang Zhang ◽  
Shanshan Yan ◽  
Peiqi An ◽  
Qing Cao ◽  
Chen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Transformation Method ◽  
Larix Gmelinii ◽  
Zygotic Embryos ◽  
Larix Kaempferi ◽  
Transformation Rate ◽  
Embryogenic Callus Induction

To date, there are few reports of the successful genetic transformation of larch and other conifers, mainly because it is difficult to transform and integrate exogenous genes. In this study, hybrid larch Larix kaempferi 3x Larix gmelinii 9 cones were collected on June 27, July 1, July 4, July 7 and July 16, 2017. Embryogenic callus induction was studied using a combination of different plant growth regulators and concentrations. The results showed that July 1 was the best stage; the highest induction rate was 10.83%, which cultured in BM medium (Button medium, which formula was listed in S1 Table) with 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) and 0.2 mg/L KT(kinetin). When cultured on a proliferation medium for 12 days, proliferation was the fastest, reaching 323.08%, which could also maintain the freshness and vitality. The suitable pre-culture medium for somatic embryogenesis was 1/4 BM medium containing 10 g/L inositol and 60 g/L sucrose. The combination of 45 mg/L ABA (abscisic acid) and 75 g/L PEG4000 (Polyethyene glycol 4000) could promote the number of somatic embryos, and reached the maximum, 210 140 per 1 g FW. The genetic transformation was carried out by the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method with embryogenic callus cultured for 12 days. The results showed the optimal OD600 of the infection solution(suspension of A. tumefaciens) was 0.5, co-culture time was 2 days, and screening concentration of Hyg (hygromycin B) was 4 mg/L. In this study, the transformation rate of resistance callus was 32.1%. It provides a reference for low genetic transformation efficiency of larch at present. This study could be beneficial for the innovation and breeding of larch by genetic engineering and provides a certain basis for rapid propagation of excellent larch germplasm resources and genetic engineering breeding of larch and other conifers.

scholarly journals Recombinant protein secretion by Bacillus subtilis and Lactococcus lactis: pathways, applications, and innovation potential

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanda Neef ◽  
Jan Maarten van Dijl ◽  
Girbe Buist
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Recombinant Protein ◽  
Lactococcus Lactis ◽  
Protein Secretion ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Cell Factory ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Secretion Pathway

Abstract Secreted recombinant proteins are of great significance for industry, healthcare and a sustainable bio-based economy. Consequently, there is an ever-increasing need for efficient production platforms to deliver such proteins in high amounts and high quality. Gram-positive bacteria, particularly bacilli such as Bacillus subtilis, are favored for the production of secreted industrial enzymes. Nevertheless, recombinant protein production in the B. subtilis cell factory can be very challenging due to bottlenecks in the general (Sec) secretion pathway as well as this bacterium’s intrinsic capability to secrete a cocktail of highly potent proteases. This has placed another Gram-positive bacterium, Lactococcus lactis, in the focus of attention as an alternative, non-proteolytic, cell factory for secreted proteins. Here we review our current understanding of the secretion pathways exploited in B. subtilis and L. lactis to deliver proteins from their site of synthesis, the cytoplasm, into the fermentation broth. An advantage of this cell factory comparison is that it identifies opportunities for protein secretion pathway engineering to remove or bypass current production bottlenecks. Noteworthy new developments in cell factory engineering are the mini-Bacillus concept, highlighting potential advantages of massive genome minimization, and the application of thus far untapped ‘non-classical’ protein secretion routes. Altogether, it is foreseen that engineered lactococci will find future applications in the production of high-quality proteins at the relatively small pilot scale, while engineered bacilli will remain a favored choice for protein production in bulk.

scholarly journals Biotechnology Applied to Cosmetics and Aesthetic Medicines

Cosmetics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Cátia Gomes ◽  
Ana Catarina Silva ◽  
Ana Camila Marques ◽  
José Sousa Lobo ◽  
Maria Helena Amaral
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Kojic Acid ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Biotechnological Processes

Biotechnology uses microorganisms and/or enzymes to obtain specific products through fermentative processes and/or genetic engineering techniques. Examples of these products are active ingredients, such as hyaluronic acid, kojic acid, resveratrol, and some enzymes, which are used in skin anti-aging products. In addition, certain growth factors, algae, stem cells, and peptides have been included in cosmetics and aesthetic medicines. Thus, biotechnology, cosmetics and aesthetic medicines are now closely linked, through the production of high-quality active ingredients, which are more effective and safer. This work describes the most used active ingredients that are produced from biotechnological processes. Although there are a vast number of active ingredients, the number of biotechnological active ingredients reported in the literature is not significantly high.

Continuous low-temperature spray drying approach for efficient production of high quality native rice starch

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Jamie Boon Jun Tay ◽  
Xinying Chua ◽  
Cailing Ang ◽  
Kelvin Kim Tha Goh ◽  
Gomathy Sandhya Subramanian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Rice Starch ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
High Quality

scholarly journals Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated Transformation of Embryogenic Callus and Somatic Embryos of the Banana cv “Ambon Lumut” (Musa acuminata)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tifa R. Kusumastuti ◽  
Rizkita R. Esyantia ◽  
Fenny M. Dwivany
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Abiotic Factor ◽  
Gfp Gene ◽  
Culture Transformation ◽  
Biotechnological Approach

Banana is one of the major fruit crops, though its conventional breeding has limitations, such as sterility and high polyploidy  levels.  Biotechnological  approach  using genetic  transformation  crop for improvement  offers  an alternative  solution.  In  this  study  a  protocol  was developed  for  establishing genetic  transformation  from embryogenic callus and somatic embryos of the banana cv Ambon Lumut . Embryogenic callus was obtained in ID4 medium (MS-based medium) supplemented with 1 mg L-1 IAA, 4 mg L-1 2,4D, and 0.03 g L-1 active charcoal. Embryogenic callus was transferred into liquid mediu m to establish somatic embryos. Embryogenic callus and somatic embryos were used for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. A. tumefaciens strain A GL1, containing pART-TEST7 p lasmid with gfp gene as a reporter and CaM V35S as a promoter, was used for transformations. The embryogenic callus and somatic embryos were transformed using heat-shock method followed by centrifugation  (2000 rpm) and co-cult ivation in liquid medium containing acetosyringone (100 M) for 3 days. Results of the GFP analysis showed transient expression from gfp gene reporter in transformed embryogenic callus and somatic embryos. Transformation efficiency in somatic embryos (85,9%) was higher than  that in embryogenic callus (32.09%). PCR analysis using CaMV primer showed bands that compatible with CaMV35S promoter at 507 bp. This is a report showing establisment of embryogenic callus and somatic embryo culture transformation by using A. tumefaciens-mediated transformation protocol of the local banana cv Ambon Lumut. This study proved  the huge potential for genetic transformation of banana cv Ambon Lumut for crop improvement, such as pest or disease  resistance and abiotic factor stress tolerance. Keywords: banana; embryogenic callus; somatic embryos.

Prediction of silage intake by cattle

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 ◽  
pp. 20-20
Author(s):  
R.W.J. Steen ◽  
F.J. Gordon ◽  
C.S. Mayne ◽  
R.E. Agnew ◽  
D.J. Kilpatrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Design Experiments ◽  
Optimum Input

Efficient production of high quality milk and beef is dependent on dairy cows and beef cattle receiving the correct intake of nutrients. However the intake of grass silage is very variable and consequently an effective method for predicting the voluntary intake of silage is essential if animals are to be allocated the correct amount of concentrates to provide the optimum input of nutrients. Two changeover design experiments have been carried out with the aim of providing an effective method for predicting silage intake by cattle.

An intermittent microwave-exfoliated non-expansive graphite oxide process for highly-efficient production of high-quality graphene

2020 ◽  
Vol 565 ◽  
pp. 288-294
Author(s):  
Xuefeng Zou ◽  
Jiangyu Hao ◽  
Yujie Qiang ◽  
Bin Xiang ◽  
Xinyue Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphite Oxide ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Highly Efficient

Prediction of silage intake by cattle

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 ◽  
pp. 20-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.W.J. Steen ◽  
F.J. Gordon ◽  
C.S. Mayne ◽  
R.E. Agnew ◽  
D.J. Kilpatrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Design Experiments ◽  
Optimum Input

Efficient production of high quality milk and beef is dependent on dairy cows and beef cattle receiving the correct intake of nutrients. However the intake of grass silage is very variable and consequently an effective method for predicting the voluntary intake of silage is essential if animals are to be allocated the correct amount of concentrates to provide the optimum input of nutrients. Two changeover design experiments have been carried out with the aim of providing an effective method for predicting silage intake by cattle.

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