scholarly journals Interactions of Ascorbic Acid, 5-Caffeoylquinic Acid, and Quercetin-3-Rutinoside in the Presence and Absence of Iron during Thermal Processing and the Influence on Antioxidant Activity

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (24) ◽  
pp. 7698
Author(s):  
Layla Engelhardt ◽  
Tobias Pöhnl ◽  
Susanne Neugart
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Ferrous Iron ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Caffeoylquinic Acid ◽  
Presence And Absence

Bioactive compounds in fruit and vegetables influence each other’s antioxidant activity. Pure standards, and mixtures of the common plant compounds, namely ascorbic acid, 5-caffeoylquinic acid, and quercetin-3-rutinoside (sum 0.3 mM), in the presence and absence of iron, were analyzed pre- and post-thermal processing in an aqueous solution. Antioxidant activity was measured by total phenolic content (TPC), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (TEAC) radical-scavenging assays. Ionic ferrous iron (Fe2+) and ferric iron (Fe3+) were measured photometrically. For qualification and quantification of reaction products, HPLC was used. Results showed that thermal processing does not necessarily lead to a decreased antioxidant activity, even if the compound concentrations decreased, as then degradation products themselves have an antioxidant activity. In all used antioxidant assays the 2:1 ratio of ascorbic acid and 5-caffeoylquinic acid in the presence of iron had strong synergistic effects, while the 1:2 ratio had strong antagonistic effects. The pro-oxidant iron positively influenced the antioxidant activity in combination with the used antioxidants, while ferrous iron itself interacted with common in vitro assays for total antioxidant activity. These results indicate that the antioxidant activity of compounds is influenced by factors such as interaction with other molecules, temperature, and the minerals present.

scholarly journals Grapevine Green Pruning Residues as a Promising and Sustainable Source of Bioactive Phenolic Compounds

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Acquadro ◽  
Silvia Appleton ◽  
Arianna Marengo ◽  
Carlo Bicchi ◽  
Barbara Sgorbini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Pruning Residues ◽  
Green Pruning

Green pruning residues (GPRs) and leaves from 16 red and white Vitis vinifera L. cultivars from Piedmont (Italy) were studied. The investigated samples were extracted by ultrasound-assisted extraction optimized by an experimental design, and quali- and quantitatively analyzed by HPLC-PDA-MS/MS. GPRs and leaves show a similar polyphenolic pattern, with quercetin 3-O-glucuronide, caftaric acid, and quercetin 3-O-glucoside as the main components, although in variable proportions. The HPLC results were related to the antioxidant activity, measured as total phenolic content and through DPPH and ABTS assays with similar results. Colorimetric in vitro assays, offline combined with HPLC-PDA analysis, determine which compounds contribute to the antioxidant activity in terms of radical scavenging abilities. Valorization of GPRs is a potential source of natural compounds that could be of interest in the health field, increasing their economic value together with a positive effect on the environment.

scholarly journals QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF TOTAL PHENOLIC AND ALKALOID CONTENT IN HYDROALCOHOLIC CONTENT IN RAUWOLFIA SERPENTINA

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Jain ◽  
Meenakshi Jain ◽  
Anurekha Jain
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Rauwolfia Serpentina ◽  
Dpph Method

The objectives of this study are to screen the phytochemicals, estimate the content of flavonoid and alkaloids compounds and determine the antioxidant capacity of the Rauwolfia serpentina stem. Qualitative analysis of various phytochemical constituents and quantitative analysis of total phenol and alkaloids were determined by the well-known test protocol available in the literature. The hydro alcoholic extract of stem of Rauwolfia serpentina was studied for antioxidant activity on different in vitro models namely 1,1-diphenyl, 2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) method. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of phenols and flavonoids. The total flavonoids and alkaloids content of Rauwolfia serpentina stem of hydroalcoholic extract was 1.086 and 2.364mg/100mg respectively. Ascorbic acid used as standards was also evaluated for comparison. The extract showed dose dependent free radical scavenging property in the tested models. Rauwolfia serpentina stem extract showed IC50 value 68.10?g/ml for DPPH method, which was comparable to that of ascorbic acid (IC50=17.68?g/ml). The present study describes the phytochemical profile and antioxidant activity of Rauwolfia serpentina which will further used for medicinal applications.

Phytochemical and antioxidant activity of Cadaba farinosa Forssk stem bark extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel M. Halilu ◽  
Abdullahi M. Abdurrahman ◽  
Sylvester N. Mathias ◽  
Chinenye J. Ugwah-Oguejiofor ◽  
Muntaka Abdulrahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic

Abstract Cadaba farinosa is used in traditional medicine for treatment of cancer, diabetes, and rheumatism. The research was aimed at evaluating the phytochemical and antioxidant activity of the extracts. The powdered stem bark was extracted successively with the aid of Soxhlet extractor using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The resulting extracts were concentrated on rotary evaporator and the percentage yields were calculated. The phytochemical and TLC profiles of the extracts were studied. The antioxidant activity of the extracts and ascorbic acid (standard) were determined using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical assay. The total phenolic content of the extracts and tannic acid (standard) were evaluated using Folin–Ciocalteu reagent. The percentage yields of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts were found to be 1.19, 1.37, and 13.93%, respectively. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, saponins, cardiac glycosides, alkaloids, and triterpenoids. The TLC profiles of the extracts revealed the presence of compounds as evidenced from their R f values. The total phenolic content of ethyl acetate and methanol extracts were found to be 135 and 112 mg, respectively. The free radical scavenging activity demonstrated by the extracts was comparable to ascorbic acid. The ethyl acetate extract had higher phenolic content and demonstrated the highest free radical scavenging with IC50 31.07 mg/mL. The results of research have provided strong preliminary evidence of antioxidant activity which may be because of phenolic compounds in the extracts.

scholarly journals Thermal Processing Effects on the Chemical Constituent and Antioxidant Activity of Okara Extracts Using Subcritical Water Extraction

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hongyi Sun ◽  
Xi Yuan ◽  
Zhenya Zhang ◽  
Xin Su ◽  
Min Shi
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Subcritical Water ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Subcritical Water Extraction

Subcritical water extraction (SWE) has been employed for the extraction of bioactive compounds from plant materials with cost-effectiveness, less consuming time, and environmental sustainability. To explore the effects of thermal processing during SWE, total organic content (TOC), total sugar, polysaccharides, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity (ABTS and DPPH assays) of eight aqueous extracts have been quantitatively investigated. The results indicated that elevated temperatures indeed resulted in significant changes in the constituents and antioxidant activities of okara extracts. Among them, the extract obtained at 220°C exhibited the highest total phenolic, flavonoid content, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical-scavenging activity, and ABTS [2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)] radical-scavenging activity. However, phenolic compounds were destroyed after the treatment above 230°C, suggesting that any polymer processing is improper to undertake at higher than this value to achieve the high antioxidant activity. Moreover, a significant positive correlation between TPC or TFC and antioxidant capacity (DPPH and ABTS) values was detected.

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant Activity and Nutritional Quality of Different Culinary Aromatic Herbs

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violeta NOUR ◽  
Ion TRANDAFIR ◽  
Sina COSMULESCU
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Total Flavonoids Content ◽  
Aromatic Herbs

In the present work, four of the most widely used culinary herbs (parsley, dill, lovage and celery leaves) in the Romanian traditional cuisine were assessed for some nutritional quality parameters (moisture content, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid content and mineral content), total phenolics content, total flavonoids content and antioxidant activity by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. In addition, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with diode-array detection was applied for the identification and quantification of some individual phenolic compounds in the selected aromatic herbs. Although parsley showed the highest ascorbic acid content (206.32 mg/100 g fw), it registered the lowest antioxidant activity. Fresh lovage recorded the highest total phenolic content (577.04 mg GAE/100 g), total flavonoids content (298.38 mg QE/100 g) and antioxidant activity, followed by dill and celery leaves. Among the identified phenolic acids, ellagic acid was predominant in lovage and celery leaves whereas sinapic and vanillic acids were prevalent in dill. Among flavonoids, myricetin was predominant in parsley and celery leaves whereas rutin was predominant in dill and lovage.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Potentials of morel mushroom (Morchella conica Pers.) from Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-148
Author(s):  
Jay Kant Raut ◽  
Minu Adhikari ◽  
Santoshi Bhushal ◽  
Lok Ranjan Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Flavonoid Compound ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Carotenoid Concentration ◽  
Morchella Conica ◽  
Morel Mushroom

Oxidative stress contributes to the aging process and raises the risk of several chronic diseases. In recent years, natural antioxidants are being explored intensively for their ability to protect organisms and cells from oxidative stress-induced harm. Furthermore, mushrooms are widely used as a source of natural therapies for a variety of ailments caused by oxidative stress. In this study antioxidant activities of Morchella conica Pers. extracts obtained with methanol were investigated. This is supposed to be the first report of the antioxidant activity of morel mushroom from Nepal. Five complimentary test systems; namely DPPH free radical scavenging, total phenolic compounds, total flavonoid, ascorbic acid, and carotenoid concentration were used. At concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 μg/ml the methanol extracts scavenged 69, 69, 70, 68 and 81% DPPH radicals. The total phenolic content of the extracts was 4.304±0.12 mg/g gallic acid equivalent. The total flavonoid compound concentration was measured as 0.381±0.00 mg/g quercetin equivalent. The concentrations of ascorbic acid were recorded 19±0.02 mg/g dry sample. β-carotene and lycopene detected in the extract of M. conica are 0.020±0.001 and 0.021±0.002 μg/ml respectively. Finally, the findings of this study demonstrated that M. conica has a high antioxidant activity, making it potentially effective in antioxidant therapy and therapeutic intervention in oxidative stress-related disorders.

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant Activity and Color of Hydroponic Tomato Fruits at Different Stages of Ripening

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 404-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violeta NOUR ◽  
Mira Elena IONICA ◽  
Ion TRANDAFIR
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Hue Angle ◽  
Lycopene Content

This experiment was carried out in order to study the simultaneous effect of on-vine ripening and examined cultivars on fruit quality, color development and antioxidant content in two different types of tomatoes. ‘Admiro’ and ‘Komet’ (normal average fruit weight) and ‘Cheramy’ (cherry type) cultivars grown in hydroponic culture were used. Dry matter, soluble solids, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, lycopene, b-carotene, total phenolic, total flavonoid content and hydrophilic antioxidant activity were measured in six ripening stages. Color of fruits was determined by CIELab system. The L*, a*, b* values were used to calculate hue angle (ho), chroma (C*) and a* to b* ratio. In all analysed cultivars total phenolic content increased as ripening progressed, reached the maximum at the pink stage and subsequently declined, while the trend of ascorbic acid was cultivar dependent. DPPH radical scavenging activity showed significant moderately strong positive correlations with total phenolics and ascorbic acid. The content of β-carotene increased constantly during ripening while lycopene content registered a sharp rise, especially in the last stage of ripening when 47.2% of the lycopene content was accumulated. During ripening the lightness (L*) decreased because tomato fruit colour became darker while the ratio of red to green colour increased as a result of carotenoids synthesis. Among color indexes, hue angle (ho) was best correlated with lycopene content (r = −0.758), followed by a* (r = 0.748), C* (r = 0.708) and a*/b* (r = 0.683). Better correlations were established between main carotenoids content (lycopene + b-carotene) and each of the color indexes.

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds and Biochemical and Antioxidant Properties of Selected Minor Indigenous Fruits in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
Molla M.M ◽  
Sabuz A.A ◽  
Chowdhury M.G.F ◽  
Khan M.H.H ◽  
Alam M ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Antioxidant Power

Minor fruits are a potential source of antinutrients, but there is no complete primary data source in the Bangladeshi context. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to acquire documentation for a database of the composition of selected minor fruits. The total phenolic (TPH), vitamin C, total carotene, and ß-carotene contents and antioxidant activity of selected minor fruits were determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging and reducing power assays (RPA). Phenolic compounds were assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a photodiode array detector and autosampler. Results revealed that minor fruits contain different phytochemicals, particularly TPH, ascorbic acid, total flavonoid (TF), ß-carotene, total carotenoid (TC), and total anthocyanin content (TAC); values ranged, respectively, 0.23-176.50 mg GAE/g, 16.67-664.92 mg/100 g, 2.26-150.02 mg QE/100 g, 1.41-6897.57 µg/100 g, 1.26-98.24 mg/100 g and 1.15-47.46 mg/100 g. In the parameters antioxidant activity, total antioxidant capacity, DPPH, reducing power capacity (RPC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), metal chelating capacity (MCC), nitric oxide (NO), and free radical scavenging activity, IC50 ranged 0.01-278.24 µg of ascorbic acid/mg of extract, 39.70-250.00%, 3.21-634.00%, 0.02-1817.88 µM Fe2SO4/100g, 22.29-210.43%, 0.02-70.50%, and 4.98-856.70 µg/g, respectively. Among the identified and quantified phenolic acids, leading examples were gallic acid (279.06 mg/100 g), vanilic acid (43.77 mg/100 g), Þ-courmaric acid (178.96 mg/100 g), ferulic acid (20.44 mg/100 g), and lutein (91.13 µg/100 g) in aonla, day fruit, elephant apple, and bilimbi. Moreover, all selected minor fruits are rich sources of bioactive, biochemical, and antioxidant compounds with potential for use in therapeutic applications.

scholarly journals Identification of Resveratrol as Bioactive Compound of Propolis from Western Romania and Characterization of Phenolic Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic Extracts

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (18) ◽  
pp. 3368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Duca ◽  
Adrian Sturza ◽  
Elena-Alina Moacă ◽  
Monica Negrea ◽  
Virgil-Dacian Lalescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Xylenol Orange ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Western Romania

The present study aimed to assess the phenolic content of eight ethanolic propolis samples (P1–P8) harvested from different regions of Western Romania and their antioxidant activity. The mean value of total phenolic content was 214 ± 48 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g propolis. All extracts contained kaempferol (514.02 ± 114.80 μg/mL), quercetin (124.64 ± 95.86 μg/mL), rosmarinic acid (58.03 ± 20.08 μg/mL), and resveratrol (48.59 ± 59.52 μg/mL) assessed by LC-MS. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using 2 methods: (i) DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay using ascorbic acid as standard antioxidant and (ii) FOX (Ferrous iron xylenol orange OXidation) assay using catalase as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenger. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was determined for all samples applied in 6 concentrations (10, 5, 3, 1.5, 0.5 and 0.3 mg/mL). IC50 varied from 0.0700 to 0.9320 mg/mL (IC50 of ascorbic acid = 0.0757 mg/mL). The % of H2O2 inhibition in FOX assay was assessed for P1, P2, P3, P4 and P8 applied in 2 concentrations (5 and 0.5 mg/mL). A significant H2O2% inhibition was obtained for these samples for the lowest concentration. We firstly report the presence of resveratrol as bioactive compound in Western Romanian propolis. The principal component analysis revealed clustering of the propolis samples according to the polyphenolic profile similarity.

scholarly journals Phytochemical evaluation, HPTLC analysis and in-vitro antioxidant activity of hydroalcoholic leaf extract of Grewia hirsuta collected from Western Ghats forest

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 4653-4659
Author(s):  
Dattatraya Kature ◽  
Gaurav Gupta ◽  
Ritu Gilotra
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

In-vitro antioxidant action of hydroalcoholic leaf extract of Grewia hirsuta (HAEGH) has been examined using one, “1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) free from radical scavenging” actions. The plant collected from the forest of the Western Ghats region of Karnataka province. The motive for plant collection from a specific location is the plant of forests exhibits the variation in growth, quantity, and quality of their active ingredients and secondary metabolites due to influence ecological factors like effect changes in location, soil, climate, etc. The work corresponds to preliminary phytochemical investigation for diverse phytoconstituents and quantitative phytochemical analysis of total phenolic, flavonoids & alkaloids content (TPC, TFC & TAC respectively) was evaluated with advanced methods. “HPTLC (High performance thin-layer” chromatography) fingerprint investigation was achieved for qualitative determination of the likely number of elements present in the hydroalcoholic extract. In-vitro antioxidant activity of HAEGH has been determined through hydroxyl radical scavenging assay that exhibited strong dose-dependent antioxidant activity as compared with standards compound, ascorbic acid. The IC50 value of HAEGH found, 25.90 % inhibition and for ascorbic acid, it was 17.68%. The Preliminary phytochemical estimation found presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, phenol, proteins, diterpins and quantitative phytochemical analysis estimation of TPC, TFC & TAC found to be 3.627%, 4.059% & 5.671% respectively. HPTLC analysis of HAEGH at 354nm reveals the presence of a compound with Rf value 0.44 compare with Rf value 0.46 of quercetin. These outcomes indicated that the hydroalcoholic leaf extract of Grewia hirsuta plant contains phytoconstituents that exhibit antioxidant activity possible because of the existence of bioactive compounds.

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